10.22630/PRS.1711641367
1711641367
sggw
wwwwne@mail.sggw.pl
Tomasz Ruchniewicz
Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego
2081-6960
2544-0659
10.22630/PRS
http://prs.wne.sggw.pl/
12
31
2020
20(35)
4
10.22630/PRS.2020.20.4
https://sj.wne.sggw.pl/prs/2020/vol20(35)/issue4
Wpływ pandemii COVID-19 na handel rolno-spożywczy Polski: pierwsze doświadczenia
Łukasz
Ambroziak
Instytut Ekonomiki Rolnictwa i Gospodarki Żywnościowej – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy w Warszawie
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8708-841X
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic at the beginning of 2020 significantly changed the conditions for the development of trade in agri-food products. The aim of the article is to assess the impact of the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic on the agri-food trade of Poland. The analysis was based on unpublished data from the Ministry of Finance, using descriptive statistics method. Preliminary trade data for the first half of 2020 showed that with few expectations Polish agri-food exports performed well during lockdown, that is in the period of the greatest restrictions related to the movement of people introduced by the COVID-19 pandemic. It resulted, inter alia, from the fact that food is a basic necessity (such as e.g. medicines) and is characterized by lower income elasticity of demand, and also from relatively small disruptions in production.
12
31
2020
5
17
10.22630/PRS.2020.20.4.18
https://sj.wne.sggw.pl/article-PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s5
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https://sj.wne.sggw.pl/article-PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s5
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https://sj.wne.sggw.pl/pdf/PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s5.pdf
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https://sj.wne.sggw.pl/pdf/PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s5.pdf
Efficiency of Niche Agriculture in Ukraine
Heorhiy
Cherevko
Lviv National Agrarian University, Ukraine
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0072-5816
Iryna
Cherevko
Lviv National Agrarian University, Ukraine
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8411-6136
The deepening of the dualization of Ukraine's agriculture into "large" and "small" producers force the latters to search opportunities for competitive opposition to the firsts by intensive development of niche agriculture. The purpose of the study is to present the efficiency of niche agriculture in Ukraine, describing the main features of this branch and anticipating prospects and barriers to stable development. There are few scientific publications on this topic so far, so their use in the study was quite limited. Materials of specialized scientific conferences and publications of materials of practitioners are more widely used. The research methodology includes general methods (monographic, induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, scientific generalization and abstraction) as well as economic research methods (comparisons, indexes). The results show, that niche agriculture in Ukraine is especially relevant for small farms, which can increase profitability not because of the number of products, but because of its niche character. Niche agriculture has advantages and disadvantages, so there is no reason to absolutize it as a panacea for all the problems of the small producers. The barriers to develop niche agriculture in Ukraine: the lack of the culture of consumption, of technology and of knowledge of niche products marketing.
12
31
2020
18
28
10.22630/PRS.2020.20.4.19
https://sj.wne.sggw.pl/article-PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s18
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https://sj.wne.sggw.pl/article-PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s18
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https://sj.wne.sggw.pl/pdf/PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s18.pdf
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https://sj.wne.sggw.pl/pdf/PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s18.pdf
The Foreign Economic Vector of Agribusiness Activity in the Western Region of Ukraine
Yuriy
Hubeni
Lviv National Agrarian University, Ukraine
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1842-8975
Oksana
Krupa
Lviv National Agrarian University, Ukraine
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3512-6925
Volodymyr
Krupa
Lviv National Agrarian University, Ukraine
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-7735
Sofiia
Tsiolkovska
Lviv National Agrarian University, Ukraine
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7515-1474
The article is devoted to researching peculiarities and trends of foreign economic activity of agribusinesses in the Western region of Ukraine according to the terms of the Ukraine-European Union Association Agreement. The authors discuss the theoretical essence of agribusiness, as a kind of entrepreneurship, and the nature of foreign economic activity of enterprises. The main conditions of free trade in agricultural products introduced by the terms of the Agreement are determined and their influence on agribusiness export-import operation dynamics in the Western economic region is analyzed. The contribution of certain regions to forming agrarian product export and import volume and structure is considered and the reasons for the considerable advantages of the Lviv region in foreign trade turnover of the Western region are elucidated. It was found that agribusiness cooperation with foreign partners is mainly realized by indirect methods through trade agency organizations or agrarian holding companies. The structure dynamics of production goods for export and import by agribusinesses was studied. Based on the results, some negative tendencies for the Ukrainian economy were noted. They include the preservation of raw exports with a high share of plant origin products and timber, and the predominance of ready-made products with high added value in the import structure. It was established that the Agreement and social political events in Ukraine changed the direction of some export-import flows of agribusiness from CIS countries towards the markets of the European Union and Asian countries. According to the scale of external trade operations with enterprises of the Western region of Ukraine, in general, and within certain trade groups, in particular, country-leaders are defined. Some positive and negative consequences of changes in the foreign economic activity vector are described. And finally, measures which will ensure an expansion and strengthening of Ukraine’s agribusiness presence on international market, are suggested.
12
31
2020
29
46
10.22630/PRS.2020.20.4.20
https://sj.wne.sggw.pl/article-PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s29
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https://sj.wne.sggw.pl/article-PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s29
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https://sj.wne.sggw.pl/pdf/PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s29.pdf
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https://sj.wne.sggw.pl/pdf/PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s29.pdf
The Impact of the Real Effective Exchange Rate on Poland’s Food and Live Animal Exports
Yılmaz
Toktaş
Amasya University, Turkey
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6996-7987
Agnieszka
Parlinska
Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6640-3097
In this study, for the 2012M1-2020M1 period, the relationship between Poland’s real effective exchange rate and its food and animal exports were examined by the bounds test. The stationary analyses of variables were examined by the ADF and PP tests. According to the results of a cointegration test, a cointegration relation among the real effective exchange rate, food and live animal exports, as well as industrial production was determined. It was also concluded that the real effective exchange rate has a long-term negative impact on Poland's food and live animal exports. This research also established that a 1% increase in the real effective exchange rate in the long-term would decrease Poland's food and animal exports by 3.091%. Also, industrial production has a positive impact on Poland’s food and animal exports, as expected. It was determined that a 1% increase in industrial production would increase Poland’s food and animal exports by 2.803%. On the other hand, the error correction term coefficient was found to be -0.119, indicating that 11% of the imbalance in the short-term will be recovered in the next period.
12
31
2020
47
57
10.22630/PRS.2020.20.4.21
https://sj.wne.sggw.pl/article-PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s47
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https://sj.wne.sggw.pl/article-PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s47
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https://sj.wne.sggw.pl/pdf/PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s47.pdf
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https://sj.wne.sggw.pl/pdf/PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s47.pdf
Genetically Modified Crops’ Technology and its Awareness among Smallholder Farmers in Nigeria
Ogheneruemu
Obi-Egbedi
University of Ibadan, Nigeria
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0778-7251
Omowunmi
Ogungbite
University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Isaac
Oluwatayo
University of Venda, South Africa
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8649-2557
Genetically Modified (GM) crops are crops modified through genetic engineering to improve their quality. Although safety concerns about genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are still being debated, the food security benefits have led to adoption by many counties. In Nigeria, where most farmers are uneducated and likely unaware of the agricultural technology, the government approved its first biotechnology crop for commercialization in 2018. Level of farmers’ awareness is crucial to acceptance of GM crops, although; this has not been fully explored in the literature. Therefore, this study aimed to assess farmers’ awareness for GM crops and the factors that determine their awareness in Oyo state, Nigeria, using primary data collected in 2018 with the aid of well-structured questionnaires from 242 smallholder farmers. Principal component analysis and Tobit regression model were used for data analysis. Results showed that farmers were aged 43 years with farm size of 3.57 ha, farming experience of 14 years and 11 years of education. Most farmers were male (71.90%), married (67.36%), not members of farmer groups (64.46%) and sourced their seeds from non-credible sources (85.12%). Most farmers (52.07%) had either not heard of or did not know of any benefits/costs of GM crops, hence; were not aware of GM crops. Factors that influenced awareness of GM crops were being a male farmer, years of education and source of seeds. The study concluded that increasing years of education and ensuring use of credible seed sources will increase awareness of the costs and benefits of GM crops among farmers.
12
31
2020
58
67
10.22630/PRS.2020.20.4.22
https://sj.wne.sggw.pl/article-PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s58
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https://sj.wne.sggw.pl/article-PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s58
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https://sj.wne.sggw.pl/pdf/PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s58.pdf
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https://sj.wne.sggw.pl/pdf/PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s58.pdf