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Autor	Kaja Karwowska, Magdalena Skotnicka, Maria Śmiechowska
Tytuł	Tea Production and its Forecasts, and the Possibility of Tea Cultivation in the Context of Environmental Requirements in China
Title	Tea Production and its Forecasts, and the Possibility of Tea Cultivation in the Context of Environmental Requirements in China
Słowa kluczowe	tea, plantations, crop types, climate changes, local ecosystems
Key words	tea, plantations, crop types, climate changes, local ecosystems
Abstrakt	The present study demonstrates the reasons for the foundation of tea plantations and conditions of their cultivation. The limitations and negative consequences of cultivation of tea plants along with the ideas for their minimization are shown. Plantations were created to optimize the harvest. However, it has been found that they negatively influence local ecosystems. The global demand for tea leaves is constantly growing. Due to the specific climate requirements of tea plants and progressive climate changes, the arable land area suitable for their cultivation is constantly decreasing. New solutions should be implemented as soon as possible, ensuring a constant supply of raw material. Otherwise, in the next few years tea may become a luxury product. FAO has presented the activities that could reduce the losses. At the moment, the best solution might be to change crop types and diversify sources of raw material. It is also highlighted that there is a need to carry out research aiming at developing varieties of Camella sinensis with lower climate requirements.
Abstract	The present study demonstrates the reasons for the foundation of tea plantations and conditions of their cultivation. The limitations and negative consequences of cultivation of tea plants along with the ideas for their minimization are shown. Plantations were created to optimize the harvest. However, it has been found that they negatively influence local ecosystems. The global demand for tea leaves is constantly growing. Due to the specific climate requirements of tea plants and progressive climate changes, the arable land area suitable for their cultivation is constantly decreasing. New solutions should be implemented as soon as possible, ensuring a constant supply of raw material. Otherwise, in the next few years tea may become a luxury product. FAO has presented the activities that could reduce the losses. At the moment, the best solution might be to change crop types and diversify sources of raw material. It is also highlighted that there is a need to carry out research aiming at developing varieties of Camella sinensis with lower climate requirements.
Cytowanie	Karwowska K., Skotnicka M., Śmiechowska M. (2019) Tea Production and its Forecasts, and the Possibility of Tea Cultivation in the Context of Environmental Requirements in China.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 1: 180-191
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n1_s180.pdf

Autor	Małgorzata Bogusz
Tytuł	Zarządzanie produktami turystycznymi na przykładzie lokalnych grup działania
Title	Management of tourist products on the example of local action groups
Słowa kluczowe	turystyka na obszarach wiejskich, produkt turystyczny, lokalna grupa działania
Key words	tourism in rural areas, tourist product, Local Action Group
Abstrakt	Produktem turystycznym są wszystkie dobra i usługi nabywane przez turystów, jak i walory turystyczne, z których korzystają, a które są dla nich szczególnym przedmiotem zainteresowania. Celem opracowania było dokonanie charakterystyki i oceny produktów turystycznych powstałych oraz zarządzanych przy współpracy z lokalnymi grupami działania. W opracowaniu wykorzystano źródła wtórne. W części empirycznej dokonano analizy stron internetowych lokalnych grup działania, na których podstawie wytypowano trzy przykłady produktów turystycznych powstałych przy wsparciu lokalnych grup działania. Uzyskane wyniki badań, jednoznacznie wskazują na zaangażowanie lokalnych grup działania w rozwój turystyki na obszarach ich działalności, a opisane produkty mogą stanowić przykład na stworzenie marki danego regionu, przy jednoczesnym wykorzystaniu zasobów przyrodniczych, krajobrazowych oraz kulturowych i zaangażowaniu lokalnej społeczności.
Abstract	A tourist product is all goods and services purchased by tourists, as well as tourist values that they use and which are of particular interest to them. The purpose of the study was to characterize and evaluate tourism products created and managed in cooperation with Local Action Groups. Secondary sources were used in the study. In the empirical part, the websites of local action groups were analyzed, based on which three examples of tourist products created with the support of Local Action Groups were selected.Obtained research results clearly indicate the involvement of Local Action Groups in the development of tourism in their areas of activity, and the described products can be an example of creating a brand of a given region, while using natural, landscape and cultural resources, and the involvement of the local community.
Cytowanie	Bogusz M.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n11_s5.pdf

Autor	Andżelika Kuźnar, Jerzy Menkes
Tytuł	Handel produktami rolno-spożywczymi w Umowie o partnerstwie gospodarczym między UE a Japonią
Title	Agri-Food Trade in the EU-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement
Słowa kluczowe	umowa o partnerstwie gospodarczym UE-Japonia (EPA); regionalne porozumienia handlowe (RTA), cła, bariery pozataryfowe
Key words	EU-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA); Regional Trade Agreements (RTA), tariffs, non-tariff barriers
Abstrakt	W 2018 r. Unia Europejska i Japonia zawarły Umowę o partnerstwie gospodarczym (EPA), która jest jedną z najszerszych i najbardziej kompleksowych umów handlowych podpisanych przez Strony do tej pory. Umowa ta obejmuje m.in. kwestie dostępu do rynków rolnych obu Stron, zakładając liberalizację barier taryfowych i pozataryfowych. Z uwagi na większe znaczenie sektora rolnego w eksporcie UE do Japonii niż odwrotnie, jak również wysoki poziom ochrony rynku japońskiego, Umowa ma duże znaczenie dla unijnych, w tym polskich podmiotów z branży rolno-spożywczej. Celem artykułu jest określenie możliwych skutków EPA dla rozwoju eksportu produktów rolno-spożywczych z państw UE, a w szczególności z Polski do Japonii. Badanie przeprowadzono na podstawie analizy tekstu EPA oraz najnowszych danych handlowych.
Abstract	In 2018, the European Union and Japan concluded an Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA), which is one of the widest and most comprehensive trade agreements signed by the Parties to date. This Agreement covers issues related to access to agricultural markets of both Parties, assuming the liberalization of tariff and non-tariff barriers. Due to the greater importance of the agricultural sector in EU exports to Japan than vice versa, as well as the high level of protection of the Japanese market, the Agreement is of great importance for the EU, including Poland’s agri-food exporters. The aim of the paper is to determine the possible effects of EPA on the development of exports of agri-food products from EU countries, in particular from Poland to Japan. The study was based on EPA text analysis and the latest trade data.
Cytowanie	Kuźnar A., Menkes J. (2019) Handel produktami rolno-spożywczymi w Umowie o partnerstwie gospodarczym między UE a Japonią.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 2: 89-102
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n2_s89.pdf

Autor	Magdalena Ankiel, Bogdan Sojkin
Tytuł	PURCHASE DETERMINANTS OF DURABLE GOODS FOR RESIDENTS OF LARGE CITIES IN POLAND
Title	Determinanty zakupu dóbr trwałego użytku przez mieszkańców dużych miast w Polsce
Słowa kluczowe	purchasing behavior, purchase determinants, analysis of variance, Poland
Key words	zachowania nabywcze, determinanty zakupu, analiza wariancji
Abstrakt	The article presents an analysis of purchase determinants for individual consumers of durable goods in 6 large cities in Poland. The analysis has been based on the outcomes of consumer research carried out in the years 2016 and 2017 at Poznan University of Economics and Business, as well as on other research studies published in Polish publications. The results of the study demonstrate groups of determinants that shape the purchasing decisions of consumers of durable products, as well as their variability in years 2016 and 2017.
Abstract	W artykule zaprezentowano analizę czynników zakupu dóbr trwałego użytku w grupach indywidualnych klientów w 6 dużych miastach w Polsce. Analiza oparta została na wynikach badań konsumenckich przeprowadzonych w latach 2016 i 2017 na Uniwersytecie Ekonomicznym w Poznaniu oraz na wynikach innych badań opublikowanych w polskich czasopismach. W wynikach badania zaprezentowano zbiory determinant kształtujące decyzje zakupowe konsumentów dóbr trwałego użytku oraz ich zmienność w latach 2016-2017.
Cytowanie	Ankiel M., Sojkin B. (2019) PURCHASE DETERMINANTS OF DURABLE GOODS FOR RESIDENTS OF LARGE CITIES IN POLAND.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 22(71): 184-192
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2019_n71_s184.pdf

Autor	Jarosław Mielcarek
Tytuł	Trzy podstawowe twierdzenia Target Costing o punktach krytycznych
Title	THREE BASIC THEOREMS OF TARGET COSTING ABOUT CRITICAL POINTS
Słowa kluczowe	wdrażanie inwencji rolniczej, sukces finansowy, strategiczny model, dyskontowy model symulacyjny, rola diagnostyczna TC, rola wspomagająca podejmowanie decyzji TC
Key words	agriculture invention implementation, financial success, strategic model, discount simulation model, agriculture invention, TC diagnostic role, TC decision-making role
Abstrakt	Celem artykułu było rozwiązanie dwóch problemów: czy dla trzech wyróżnionych punktów krytycznych czyli jednostkowego kosztu dopuszczalnego, nakładów inwestycyjnych dopuszczalnych i dopuszczalnej ceny za najnowszą technologię można sformułować twierdzenia ściśle ogólne, które w poprzedniku okresów warunkowych zawierają założenia (warunki), dla których w ich następniku wskaźniki finansowe osiągają wielkości oznaczające uzyskanie sukcesu finansowego w wyniku wdrożenia inwencji, oraz czy jest możliwe zastosowanie trzech podstawowych twierdzeń TC do badania opłacalności przedsięwzięć innowacyjnych, polegających na wdrożeniu inwencji w rolnictwie. Takie twierdzenia, pełniące rolę diagnostyczną i wspomagającą podejmowanie decyzji zostały sformułowane. Rozwiązano również drugi problem w wyniku określenia dla fazy przedprodukcyjnej wdrożenia nowoczesnej szklarni do produkcji pomidorów w ruchu ciągłym, że za pomocą trzech podstawowych twierdzeń TC można sprawdzić, czy spełnione są warunki osiągnięcia sukcesu finansowego i na tej podstawie podjąć poprawną decyzję o wdrożeniu tej inwencji. Głównymi narzędziami badawczymi były trzy modele strategiczne wdrożenia tej inwencji, które jednocześnie były dyskontowymi modelami symulacyjnymi. Zastosowano również dodatki Excela Szukaj wyniku i Solver.
Abstract	The aim of the article was to solve two problems: whether for three critical points, i.e. a unit allowable cost, allowable investment outlays and an allowable price for the latest technology, it is possible to formulate strictly general theorems which in the predecessor of conditional periods contain assumptions (conditions) for which in their successor financial ratios reach values, meaning financial success achievement as a result of the implementation of the invention, and whether it is possible to apply the three TC basic theorems to the analysis of the profitability of innovative projects, based on the implementation of inventions in agriculture. Such theorems, performing the diagnostic role and supporting decision-making were formulated. The second problem was also solved for the pre-production phase of the implementation of a modern greenhouse for continuous tomato production, that with three basic TC theorems it is possible to test whether the conditions for achieving financial success are met and, on this basis, make the correct decision to implement this invention. The main research tools were three strategic models of implementation of this invention, which were also discount simulation models. Excel What, if and Solver adds-inn were also applied.
Cytowanie	Mielcarek J. (2019) Trzy podstawowe twierdzenia Target Costing o punktach krytycznych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 21(70): 186-201
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2019_n70_s186.pdf

Autor	Elżbieta Goryńska-Goldmann
Tytuł	Geneza i pojęcie żywności lokalnej w powiązaniu z ideą zrównoważonejkonsumpcji
Title	Genesis and the term of local food in relation to the idea of sustainable consumption
Słowa kluczowe	geneza, pojęcie, produkt lokalny, żywność lokalna, zrównoważona konsumpcja
Key words	genesis, concept, local product, local food, sustainable consumption
Abstrakt	W opracowaniu dokonano przeglądu aparatu pojęciowego i genezy żywności lokalnej, na podstawie przeglądu definicji z uwzględnieniem regulacji prawnych, potocznych sposobów jej ujmowania i prac badawczych, prowadzonych przez ośrodki naukowe i różne instytucje – krajowe i zagraniczne – i na tej podstawie zaprezentowano własną propozycję. Celem artykułu było przedstawienie genezy i pojęcia żywności lokalnej w kontekście zrównoważonej konsumpcji. Prowadząc analizę, dokonano przeglądu literatury przedmiotu, a wynikające z niego ustalenia udokumentowano dostępnymi informacjami statystycznymi i rynkowymi. Badania wykazały, że instytucje publiczne dostrzegają potencjał żywności lokalnej i upatrują w niej możliwość pobudzania rozwoju obszarów wiejskich Unii Europejskiej. Żywność lokalna stanowi alternatywny nurt w podejściu do sposobu, w jaki konsumpcja żywności może być przekształcona na rzecz jej równoważenia. Świadomi i odpowiedzialni konsumenci rozpoznający własne ograniczenia, ceniący tradycję, stanowią o nowej jakości w społeczeństwie (będąc specyficzną formą kapitału społecznego), co przekłada się na większe możliwości produkcyjne żywności lokalnej i stanowi podstawę do dalszego rozwoju zrównoważonej konsumpcji.
Abstract	This paper reviews the conceptual apparatus and the genesis of local food, on the basis of definitions and with respect to legal conditions, as well as the popular ways of interpretation of local food and scientific research performed by different centers and institutions – both domestic and foreign. On the basis of that, the paper presents the author’s own proposition concerning the abovementioned issue. The aim of the paper is to present the genesis and the definition of local food in the perspective of sustainable consumption. While conducting the research, the scientific literature concerning the subject was reviewed, and the findings were documented with available statistical and market information. The research showed that public institutions see the potential of local food and hope that it can drive the development of rural areas in the European Union. Local food is an alternative approach to the way in which food consumption can be turned into a sustainable one. Informed and responsible consumers, who are aware of their own limitations and value tradition, provide some new quality to the society (as they constitute a specific form of social capital), what translates into bigger local food production possibilities and is the basis for the further development of sustainable consumption.
Cytowanie	Goryńska-Goldmann E.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n11_s23.pdf

Autor	Elżbieta Goryńska-Goldmann
Tytuł	Ewolucja rozwoju żywności lokalnej w kontekście ideizrównoważonej konsumpcji
Title	Evolution of local food development in the context of the idea of sustainable consumption
Słowa kluczowe	rynek rolny, rynek lokalny, żywność lokalna, zrównoważona konsumpcja
Key words	agricultural market, local market, local food, sustainable consumption
Abstrakt	Celem artykułu była charakterystyka pojęcia i genezy żywności lokalnej oraz dyskusja nad jej znaczeniem w kontekście zrównoważonej konsumpcji. Wskazano, iż rozwinięcie rynku żywności lokalnej oparte jest na tradycji wytwarzania i spożywania produktów pochodzących z własnego gospodarstwa, stanowi efekt rozwoju metod produkcji, przechowalnictwa, transportu, dystrybucji i współpracy środowisk lokalnych. Zaprezentowano dane dotyczące rynku żywności lokalnej oraz przeprowadzono dyskusję na temat definicji żywności lokalnej. Przedstawiono producentów żywności lokalnej, jako autentycznych „strażników” systemów jej produkcji, mogących wnieść istotny wkład w popularyzację modelu zrównoważonej konsumpcji. Potwierdzono tezę o istotnym znaczeniu produktów lokalnych w realizacji idei zrównoważonej konsumpcji. Stwierdzono, że rynek żywności lokalnej stanowi szerokie pole działań i wymaga dalszych prac, następnie zasygnalizowane przyszłe kierunki badań. Artykuł ma charakter przeglądowy, a prowadząc analizę, dokonano analizy danych wtórnych, w tym także własnych badań naukowych w tym zakresie.
Abstract	The aim of the paper was to characterize the concept and origin of local food and to discuss its meaning in the context of the sustainable consumption idea. The paper points that the development of the local food market is based on the tradition of production and consumption of food products that come from private farms and is the result of the development of production methods, as well as methods of storage, transport, distribution and cooperation between local market subjects. The paper presents data concerning the local food market and discusses the definition of local food. It shows local food producers as authentic “guardians” of local food production systems who can significantly contribute to the popularization of the sustainable consumption model. Moreover, it confirms the thesis about the importance of local products in the implementation of the idea of sustainable consumption. The local food market turns out to be a wide field of activity and requires further scientific work. The paper proposes some future research directions. It is a review that includes analysis on the basis of some secondary data, including also the author’s own scientific research in this field.
Cytowanie	Goryńska-Goldmann E.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n12_s43.pdf

Autor	Maryla Bieniek - Majka
Tytuł	COLLECTIVE ACTION THEORY OF MANCUR OLSON ON THE EXAMPLE OF INTEGRATED FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PRODUCERS
Title
Słowa kluczowe	fruit-vegetable producers' groups/organisations, group activity, free-rider
Key words
Abstrakt	The aim of this article was to answer the question – do integrated fruit and vegetable producers act in accordance with the assumptions of “the logic of collective actions” by Olson, or want to increase the market organisation level, as suggested by Docian Ciolos, increasing the number of existing groups/organisations? Basing on a library query, the assumptions of the “logic of collective actions” are presented. Using the data provided by the European Commission, a significant negative relationship was found between the average size of the group/organisation and its effectiveness. In addition, there was a regress of organising the fruit and vegetable market in the European Union. Therefore, it is suggested that according to the assumptions of Mancur Olson’s theory, selective stimuli (institutional support) motivating members of groups/organisations to produce a common good that can be, i.a., overcoming the barrier of production scale or competitiveness of the sector should be applied.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Bieniek - Majka M.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2019_n3_s46.pdf

Autor	Tetiana Balanovska, Natalia Drahnieva, Alina Troian
Tytuł	USING OF FUZZY MODELLING IN ANTI-CRISIS MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
Title
Słowa kluczowe	anti-crisis management, agricultural enterprise, quality, products, fuzzy logic, fuzzy modelling
Key words
Abstrakt	The article systematizes the different views of scientists in relation to the anti-crisis management of enterprises and emphasizes the importance of its use in enterprises. There was noted the necessity to introduce the perspective directions of economic activity of the enterprise, forming its image, ensuring competitiveness, profitability, and development. In order to make effective management decisions under uncertain dynamic environment, it is suggested to use fuzzy modelling for the prevention of the crisis occurrence. In order to present the possibility of using such an approach in the practical activity of agricultural enterprises, in particular which are engaged in dairy farming, we proposed an informational and logical model for determining the forecast average price of milk, taking into account the indicators of its quality, that is based on the theory of fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic. In the context of anti-crisis management, there was substantiated the possibility of using the proposed model, as a basic one, in any agricultural enterprise in order to improve its activities.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Balanovska T., Drahnieva N., Troian A.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2019_n3_s22.pdf

Autor	olga Babytska, Olena Berbenets, Olena Pavlenko, Tamara Prykhodko, Olga Zhmaylova
Tytuł	THE ROLE OF NUTRIA MEAT PRODUCTION IN THE CONTEXT OF UKRAINE FOOD SECURITY
Title
Słowa kluczowe	food security, meat production, nutria breeding, effectiveness of production, expert evaluations
Key words
Abstrakt	The article presents the role and potential of the nutria breeding development as an alternative livestock sector in the context of Ukraine's food security. A comparative analysis of qualitative characteristics of meat by species of animals was conducted. The efficiency of nutria breeding by types of enterprises with a short-term forecast is analyzed. By expert evaluations determined the weight of the 5 main problems of the industry, which constitute the next steps of a comprehensive research of nutria breeding.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Babytska o., Berbenets O., Pavlenko O., Prykhodko T., Zhmaylova O.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2019_n3_s95.pdf

Autor	Sebastian Kubala
Tytuł	Czynniki wytwórcze w branży przetwórstwa rybnego w Polsce w okresie poakcesyjnym
Title	THE PRODUCTIVE FACTORS IN THE FISH PROCESSING INDUSTRY IN POLAND DURING THE POST-ACCESSION PERIOD
Słowa kluczowe	czynniki produkcji, produktywność cząstkowa, produktywność całkowita, funkcja produkcji Cobba-Douglasa, gospodarka rybna
Key words	factors of production, partial productivity, total productivity, Cobb-Douglas production function, fish economy
Abstrakt	Badanie poziomu oraz tempa zmian poziomu produktywności poszczególnych sektorów umożliwia ocenę efektywności wykorzystywanych zasobów oraz identyfikację źródeł wzrostu produkcji. Obrazuje, w jakim stopniu poziom zmian w danej branży zależy od czynników pracy oraz kapitału. Celem opracowania jest określenie efektywności wykorzystania czynników produkcji w branży przetwórstwa rybnego w Polsce w latach 2005-2016. Do ustalenia tempa zmian efektywności czynników wytwórczych wykorzystano wskaźniki oparte na produkcji, zatrudnieniu oraz wartości brutto środków trwałych. Zaprezentowane badania wykazały, iż w branży przetwórstwa rybnego występowała generalna tendencja wzrostu produktywności pracy. Jednocześnie można było zaobserwować niekorzystne zmiany produktywności kapitału. Przeprowadzone badania wskazują, iż większy wpływ na poziom produkcji ma czynnik kapitału aniżeli poziom zatrudnienia. Ponadto wartość produkcji wzrastała w tempie szybszym niż łączne nakłady czynników ją kształtujących.
Abstract	The study of the level and dynamics of changes of productivity of individual sectors allows to evaluate possible effectiveness of the resources used as well as identification of sources of production growth. It shows the extent to which changes in the level of the industry is dependent on factors of work and capital. The aim of the work was to study the efficiency of production factors in the fish processing industry in Poland in the years 2005-2016. To determine the rate of changes of the efficiency of the production factors there were indicators used that were based on production, employment and gross value of fixed assets. The study showed that in the fish processing industry there was a general growth tendency of labor productivity. There were also observed adverse changes in capital productivity. The greater impact on the level of production has a capital factor than the level of employment. In addition, the value of production increased at a rate faster than the total expenditure of factors shaping it.
Cytowanie	Kubala S. (2019) Czynniki wytwórcze w branży przetwórstwa rybnego w Polsce w okresie poakcesyjnym.Roczniki Naukowe Ekonomii Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich, t. 106, z. 1: 51-61
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Pełny tekst	RNR_2019_n1_s51.pdf

Autor	Dawid Jabkowski, Norbert Szalaty, Paulina L. Wiza
Tytuł	Poziom świadomości konsumentów w zakresie terroryzmu żywnościowegojako przykład współczesnego zagrożenia dla przemysłu rolno-spożywczego
Title	The level of consumer awareness in the field of food terrorism as an example of the modern threat to the agri-food industry
Słowa kluczowe	terroryzm żywnościowy, bezpieczeństwo żywności, przemysł spożywczy, nowe zagrożenia
Key words	food terrorism, food safety, food industry, new threats
Abstrakt	Celem artykułu było zaprezentowanie świadomości konsumentów z zakresu terroryzmu żywnościowego jako nowego zagrożenia w przemyśle spożywczym. Terroryzm żywnościowy to nowe zjawisko, które w XXI wieku stanowi wyzwanie dla przemysłu spożywczego. Polega na celowym skażeniu żywności przy wykorzystaniu substancji biologicznych, chemicznych i fizycznych. Na każdym etapie produkcji żywności może dojść do intencjonalnego skażenia żywności. Do zrealizowania celu zastosowano badania ankietowe, które zostały przeprowadzone z wykorzystaniem portalu internetowego. W badaniach wzięło udział 120 respondentów z Wielkopolski. Na podstawie literatury przedmiotu oraz przeprowadzonych badań ankietowych stwierdzono, iż konsumenci nie są w pełni świadomi, że żywność może być celem ataku terrorystów. Według badanych osób, terroryzm żywnościowy ma charakter globalny i może wystąpić na każdym etapie łańcucha żywnościowego. Z racji, że terroryzm żywnościowy jest zjawiskiem nowym w gospodarce, metody wykorzystywane przez terrorystów oraz potencjalne skutki zagrożenia nie są do końca znane.
Abstract	The aim of the article was to present consumer awareness in the field of food terrorism as a new threat in the food industry. Food terrorism is a new phenomenon, which in the XXI century is a challenge for the food industry. It consists in intentional contamination of food with the use of biological, chemical and physical substances. At every stage of food production may be to intentional contamination. The article attempts to discuss the phenomenon of food terrorism and consumer awareness in the field of food terrorism. In order to carry out surveys, which were carried out using the internet portal. 120 respondents from all of Wielkopolska participated in the research. Based on literature data and surveys, it was found that consumers are not fully aware that food can be the target of a terrorist attack. According to the surveyed, food terrorism is global and can occur at every stage of the food chain. Due to the fact that food terrorism is a new phenomenon in the economy, the methods used by terrorists and the potential effects of the threat are not fully known.
Cytowanie	Jabkowski D., Szalaty N., Wiza P.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n12_s115.pdf

Autor	Norbert Szalaty
Tytuł	Południowo-zachodni obszar funkcjonalny województwa wielkopolskiegojako obszar intensywnego rozwoju rolnictwa
Title	The South-West functional area of Wielkopolska voivodship as an area of intensive development of agriculture
Słowa kluczowe	rolnictwo, obszar funkcjonalny, Południowo-Zachodni Obszar Funkcjonalny, rozwój rolnictwa
Key words	agriculture, functional area, Southwest Functional Area, agricultural development
Abstrakt	Celem opracowania jest przybliżenie rolnictwa w Południowo-zachodnim obszarze funkcjonalnym województwa wielkopolskiego jako regionu uznanego za najlepiej rozwinięty rolniczo. W pracy wykorzystano źródła pierwotne oraz wtórne. Źródła wtórne stanowiła literatura naukowa z zakresu rozwoju lokalnego i rozwoju rolnictwa. Źródła pierwotne to wyniki badań przeprowadzonych w okresie od grudnia 2018 roku do lipca 2019 roku dotyczących m.in. inwestycji przeprowadzonych i planowanych, źródeł finansowania, czynników rozwojowych czy kierunku produkcji rolników. Na podstawie uzyskanych z badań wyników można stwierdzić, że rolnicy badanego obszaru skutecznie wykorzystali możliwości wynikające z mechanizmów wspólnej polityki rolnej (WPR). Akcesja Polski do Unii Europejskiej miała bardzo pozytywny wpływ na rozwój regionu, o czym świadczą rezultaty inwestycyjne osiągnięte w badanych podmiotach oraz pozytywne oceny integracji europejskiej formułowane przez rolników.
Abstract	The aim of the study is to familiarize agriculture in the Southwestern Functional Area of the Wielkopolskie Voivodship as a region recognized as the best developed for agriculture. Primary and secondary were used in the work. Secondary sources were scientific literature in the field of local development and agricultural development. Primary sources are the results of research conducted in the period from December 2018 to July 2019 regarding, among others investments carried out and planned, sources of financing, development factors or direction of farmers’ production. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that farmers in the area under investigation have effectively used the opportunities arising from CAP mechanisms. Poland’s accession to the European Union had a very positive impact on the development of the region, as evidenced by the investment results achieved in the surveyed entities and positive assessments of European integration formulated by farmers.
Cytowanie	Szalaty N.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n11_s117.pdf

Autor	Grzegorz Maciejewski, Sylwia Mokrysz
Tytuł	NEW TRENDS IN CONSUMPTION ON THE COFFEE MARKET
Title	Nowe trendy w konsumpcji na rynku kawy
Słowa kluczowe	megatrends, consumer trends, trends on the food and beverages market, product trends, coffee market.
Key words	megatrendy, trendy konsumenckie, trendy na rynku żywności i napojów, trendy produktowe, rynek kawy
Abstrakt	The aim of the article is to present trends in consumption, which currently affect or will affect the behaviour of coffee consumers in the next 2-5 years. The article is written in the form of theoretical considerations supported by an analysis of source materials. It presents the main megatrends, consumer trends and product trends observed on the coffee market. It also describes relations between the aforementioned phenomena and consumer behaviour. The analysis of the collected data made it possible to conclude that the main trends determining consumer behaviour are naturalness and sustainability, health and nutrition, multisensory experience, convenience, digitalisation and individualisation. In order to meet these trends, producers and sellers of coffee will also want to gain an influence on the choices and preferences of coffee consumers by supporting and developing such product trends as: craft coffee time, the ice age is coming, ready to drink coffee, co-branding to dial up indulgence, convenient formats go premium, the rise of super coffee or the world of smart vending machines.
Abstract	Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie trendów w konsumpcji, które oddziaływają obecnie lub będą oddziaływać w perspektywie 2-5 lat na zachowania konsumentów kawy. Artykuł ma charakter teoretycznych rozważań wspartych analizą materiałów źródłowych. Przedstawione w nim zostały główne megatrendy, trendy konsumenckie oraz trendy produktowe obserwowane na rynku kawy. Opisano w nim także relacje zachodzące między wymienionymi zjawiskami a zachowaniami konsumentów. Przeprowadzona analiza zgromadzonych danych pozwoliła stwierdzić, że główne trendy determinujące zachowania konsumentów to naturalność i zrównoważony rozwój, zdrowie i zdrowe odżywianie, wielozmysłowe doświadczenia, wygoda, digitalizacja oraz indywidualizacja. Producenci i sprzedawcy kawy wychodząc naprzeciw tym trendom, będą również chcieli sami uzyskać wpływ na wybory i preferencje konsumentów kawy wspierając i rozwijając takie trendy produktowe jak: czas kawy rzemieślniczej, epoka lodowcowa – kawy parzone na zimno, kawy gotowe do spożycia, łączenie marek dla większej przyjemności, kawa wygodna w formacie premium, czas super kawy czy świat inteligentnych automatów.
Cytowanie	Maciejewski G., Mokrysz S. (2019) NEW TRENDS IN CONSUMPTION ON THE COFFEE MARKET.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 22(71): 132-144
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2019_n71_s132.pdf

Autor	Paul Lane, Joanna Wyrobek
Tytuł	IMPACT OF INTERNATIONALIZATION ON THE CAPITAL STRUCTURE OF COMMERCIAL COMPANIES
Title
Słowa kluczowe	multinational companies, indebtedness, corporate finance, capital structure
Key words
Abstrakt	International enterprises (in this paper, international companies are understood as companies that sell their products and services abroad) are precious for the national economy because, through their experience in international sales, they stimulate the development of other companies in the same industry and their subcontractors. The knowledge that these companies have gained on international markets through the spillover effect spreads on their suppliers, as well as through imitation or cooperation on their competitors. Also, international companies (in the meaning: domestic export companies) are often the first to use new technological solutions and product innovations, which contributes to the modernization of products in the entire business sector. Dynamic and robust international companies usually also build networks with entities from different countries in order to cooperate on development, negotiation, and sales, which also encourages similar activities of their competitors. For all these reasons, national governments should take action to help to export companies, or at least monitor the problems that such entities report. The purpose of the publication is to draw attention to the higher demand for the debt that exists in such enterprises and to discuss the reasons for this. In particular, the purpose of the publication was to verify 2 research hypotheses: H1: Internationalization increases indebtedness of a company measured with the debt to equity ratio, and H2: The scale of internationalization (measured with the share of foreign sales to total sales) is positively related to the level of indebtedness (measured with the debt to equity ratio). For both hypotheses we found no grounds to reject these hypotheses. In the opinion of the authors, the demand for debt from exporters should be monitored, especially in terms of the availability of this form of financing for exporters from the SME sector. The paper used the Arellano-Bond model and data downloaded from the Orbis database for years 2007 – 2017.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Lane P., Wyrobek J. (2019) IMPACT OF INTERNATIONALIZATION ON THE CAPITAL STRUCTURE OF COMMERCIAL COMPANIES.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 22(71): 250-267
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2019_n71_s250.pdf

Autor	Tetiana Baklytska, Olena Bohdaniuk
Tytuł	Competitivness and prospects for development of berry production in Ukraine
Title
Słowa kluczowe	Ukraine, berries, prospects of development, competitiveness, export, organic production
Key words
Abstrakt	The demand for raspberries and blackberries has risen sharply in Europe and North America in recent years. Ukraine is almost one third of the world’s black earth, a favorable climate for growing vegetables, fruits and berries, as well as a good ratio of daytime and nighttime temperatures and optimal length of sunny day. Therefore, the authors consider that Ukraine could become a reliable supplier of berries in Europe and America. Berries will not give the same high gross production as cereals. But these products are perspective in terms of processing, value added and profitability for the manufacturer. Considering the strategic importance of growing berries in Ukraine the subject of the research is to study the competitiveness and prospects for production of berries in Ukraine. The conducted assessment of the status and prospects of growing berries shows that Ukraine has been steadily producing within the range of 130-135 thousand tons of berries in recent years. Due to the fact that the products of private households and horticultural societies are not actually taxed, they have significant competitive advantages over agricultural enterprises, which is one of the reasons for the curtailment of industrial horticulture in Ukraine. But, on the other hand, they are inferior to large enterprises because of not failing to implement sanitary, technical standards, certification etc. In order to ensure the competitiveness of domestic producers in the external market, berry producers need to be more actively involved in the process of improving product quality, since in Ukraine only five agribusinesses have a Global GAP certificate, which is a minimum condition for access to the EU market. According to the results of the study, the authors consider organic production of berries as another perspective direction for the development of domestic berries.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Baklytska T., Bohdaniuk O.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n12_s15.pdf

Autor	Izabella Bakos, Anikó Khademi-Vidra
Tytuł	Alternative Local Food Shopping Communities in Hungary
Title	Alternative Local Food Shopping Communities in Hungary
Słowa kluczowe	local food, consumer communities, food consumer behaviour, questionnaire study, cluster analysis
Key words	local food, consumer communities, food consumer behaviour, questionnaire study, cluster analysis
Abstrakt	As a result of concerns about the long-term sustainability of globalized retail trade and the stronger presence of health conscious consumer behaviour, governments and groups of conscious consumers worldwide are increasingly focusing on the promotion and development of local food systems and small-scale retail chains and the production of quality local food products to promote the market. In our paper, we would like to give an overview of community-led alternative types of local food systems, with particular attention to shopping community-type consumer and consumer communities. We also describe the main results of our primary research in the population and the shopping community. During the questionnaire we revealed general consumer behaviour and the demand and attitude of local food, the popularity of the customer communities in the settlement of the respondents. In the survey conducted among members of the consumer community, we looked at the analytical areas designated as a target in the population questionnaire for the purpose of comparability and our aim was to explore the sociometrics and lifestyles of communities as well as their community experiences and possible developments. Our hypothesis is that there is a close correlation between the respondents with higher education and income and the preferences of local food. Furthermore, it is assumed that there is a significant difference between the food consumption behaviors of the two samples examined.
Abstract	As a result of concerns about the long-term sustainability of globalized retail trade and the stronger presence of health conscious consumer behaviour, governments and groups of conscious consumers worldwide are increasingly focusing on the promotion and development of local food systems and small-scale retail chains and the production of quality local food products to promote the market. In our paper, we would like to give an overview of community-led alternative types of local food systems, with particular attention to shopping community-type consumer and consumer communities. We also describe the main results of our primary research in the population and the shopping community. During the questionnaire we revealed general consumer behaviour and the demand and attitude of local food, the popularity of the customer communities in the settlement of the respondents. In the survey conducted among members of the consumer community, we looked at the analytical areas designated as a target in the population questionnaire for the purpose of comparability and our aim was to explore the sociometrics and lifestyles of communities as well as their community experiences and possible developments. Our hypothesis is that there is a close correlation between the respondents with higher education and income and the preferences of local food. Furthermore, it is assumed that there is a significant difference between the food consumption behaviors of the two samples examined.
Cytowanie	Bakos I., Khademi-Vidra A. (2019) Alternative Local Food Shopping Communities in Hungary.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 2: 7-21
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n2_s7.pdf

Autor	Ákos Bartha, Bálint Horváth
Tytuł	Effects of Certain Personal Attributes on Food Waste
Title	Effects of Certain Personal Attributes on Food Waste
Słowa kluczowe	food waste, consumer attitude, sustainable consumption
Key words	food waste, consumer attitude, sustainable consumption
Abstrakt	With the increase of food supply and the improvement of production processes, the real value of certain food products has been steadily declining over the past decades, which is certainly a trend that has seriously transformed the moral value of food, its role in society and its associated personal attitudes. According to UN and FAO estimates, in 2016, 30-35% of our food was wasted. Food waste in households is also a special area of research in terms of their high wasting rate. While exploring the causes of high amounts of consumer waste, a research group has also correlated (with mathematical models) the gradual growth rate of food waste, the US obesity epidemic and the growing supply of cheaper food products (Hall et al. 2009). In our research, we examine certain personal aspects in case of specific (e.g. functional) foods as well. A significant decrease in food waste coming from households could be attained by controlling our attitudes. Food waste, consumption awareness, eating habits, food mileage, water footprint, sustainable eating, energy efficiency: these are all terms which have to have their meaning and importance taught to people, as they contain important – affecting the level of wasting – information. Therefore, we can see that food waste itself is one of the most serious, paradoxical and global modern issues which the developed world has identified, and is trying to decrease by using national and international interventions in order to limit food supply anomalies and environmental loads as much as possible. Understanding personal attributes more precisely might be a good practice for providing future solutions, as well.
Abstract	With the increase of food supply and the improvement of production processes, the real value of certain food products has been steadily declining over the past decades, which is certainly a trend that has seriously transformed the moral value of food, its role in society and its associated personal attitudes. According to UN and FAO estimates, in 2016, 30-35% of our food was wasted. Food waste in households is also a special area of research in terms of their high wasting rate. While exploring the causes of high amounts of consumer waste, a research group has also correlated (with mathematical models) the gradual growth rate of food waste, the US obesity epidemic and the growing supply of cheaper food products (Hall et al. 2009). In our research, we examine certain personal aspects in case of specific (e.g. functional) foods as well. A significant decrease in food waste coming from households could be attained by controlling our attitudes. Food waste, consumption awareness, eating habits, food mileage, water footprint, sustainable eating, energy efficiency: these are all terms which have to have their meaning and importance taught to people, as they contain important – affecting the level of wasting – information. Therefore, we can see that food waste itself is one of the most serious, paradoxical and global modern issues which the developed world has identified, and is trying to decrease by using national and international interventions in order to limit food supply anomalies and environmental loads as much as possible. Understanding personal attributes more precisely might be a good practice for providing future solutions, as well.
Cytowanie	Bartha Á., Horváth B. (2019) Effects of Certain Personal Attributes on Food Waste.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 2: 22-30
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n2_s22.pdf

Autor	Katarzyna Himstedt, Tomasz Kacprzak
Tytuł	The Influence of the Russian Embargo on the Economic Situation of Apple Producers in the Eastern Part of the Masovia Province
Title	The Influence of the Russian Embargo on the Economic Situation of Apple Producers in the Eastern Part of the Masovia Province
Słowa kluczowe	embargo, Russia, apple market
Key words	embargo, Russia, apple market
Abstrakt	The article concerns the effects of the Russian embargo on apple producers in Poland. Scientific literature is quite poor in this field, mainly information articles in industry literature and media information are available. The literature was reviewed in this respect and two studies (questionnaire and interview) were carried out. The information obtained allowed us to draw conclusions about the very large negative impact of the embargo on the apple market and to learn about its characteristics. New markets do not generate sufficient demand, in 2018 apple prices dropped below production costs, but this does not reflect in a drop in prices in stores, which means that price speculations take place, and the situation is used by realtors. It is necessary to quickly return to the Russian market, because soon it will be unrecoverable for Polish fruit farmers. It is also necessary to put pressure on the European Union's policy, because nowadays it is the Polish farmers who bear its effects to the greatest extent.
Abstract	The article concerns the effects of the Russian embargo on apple producers in Poland. Scientific literature is quite poor in this field, mainly information articles in industry literature and media information are available. The literature was reviewed in this respect and two studies (questionnaire and interview) were carried out. The information obtained allowed us to draw conclusions about the very large negative impact of the embargo on the apple market and to learn about its characteristics. New markets do not generate sufficient demand, in 2018 apple prices dropped below production costs, but this does not reflect in a drop in prices in stores, which means that price speculations take place, and the situation is used by realtors. It is necessary to quickly return to the Russian market, because soon it will be unrecoverable for Polish fruit farmers. It is also necessary to put pressure on the European Union's policy, because nowadays it is the Polish farmers who bear its effects to the greatest extent.
Cytowanie	Himstedt K., Kacprzak T. (2019) The Influence of the Russian Embargo on the Economic Situation of Apple Producers in the Eastern Part of the Masovia Province.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 2: 54-64
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n2_s54.pdf

Autor	Molla Alemayehu, Megersa Daksa, Nigussie Dechassa, Sisay Lemessa
Tytuł	Adoption Spells of Improved Potato Varieties by Smallholder Farmers in Eastern Ethiopia: The Duration Approach
Title	Adoption Spells of Improved Potato Varieties by Smallholder Farmers in Eastern Ethiopia: The Duration Approach
Słowa kluczowe	adoption spell, Weibull, static, potato varieties, Ethiopia
Key words	adoption spell, Weibull, static, potato varieties, Ethiopia
Abstrakt	Potato is mainly tagged as a food security crop in Ethiopia. However, its productivity remains low due to low adoption of improved technologies by smallholder farmers. Duration models, namely, Parametric (Weibull) and Non-parametric (Kaplan Meier) were used to analyze the data gathered from 365 sample farmers. The Non-parametric result revealed that the average duration that potato growers should wait before adopting a new variety is about 3.5 years. The Weibull regression indicated that timely availability of seed, access to labor and irrigation water, land size, and adaptation strategy by farmers are found to be factors curtailing the timeframe to adopt improved potato varieties. The regression analysis revealed that costs of inputs such as manure and compost, environmental and market factors such as drought, pest and disease outbreaks, price variability of potato seed, and quality of potato seed were found to be factors influencing adoption decisions of improved potato varieties by smallholder farmers.
Abstract	Potato is mainly tagged as a food security crop in Ethiopia. However, its productivity remains low due to low adoption of improved technologies by smallholder farmers. Duration models, namely, Parametric (Weibull) and Non-parametric (Kaplan Meier) were used to analyze the data gathered from 365 sample farmers. The Non-parametric result revealed that the average duration that potato growers should wait before adopting a new variety is about 3.5 years. The Weibull regression indicated that timely availability of seed, access to labor and irrigation water, land size, and adaptation strategy by farmers are found to be factors curtailing the timeframe to adopt improved potato varieties. The regression analysis revealed that costs of inputs such as manure and compost, environmental and market factors such as drought, pest and disease outbreaks, price variability of potato seed, and quality of potato seed were found to be factors influencing adoption decisions of improved potato varieties by smallholder farmers.
Cytowanie	Alemayehu M., Daksa M., Dechassa N., Lemessa S. (2019) Adoption Spells of Improved Potato Varieties by Smallholder Farmers in Eastern Ethiopia: The Duration Approach.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 2: 103-118
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n2_s103.pdf