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Autor	Ľudmila Dobošová, Silvia Jacková, Mária Kadlečíková, Zuzana Kapsdorferová
Tytuł	Food Security and Self-Sufficiency in Europe
Title
Słowa kluczowe	food security, food affordability, food availability, healthy diet, quality, Europe
Key words
Abstrakt	The submitted scientific paper deals with food security and self-sufficiency in Europe in EU-15 and EU-13 countries. The objective of this paper was to evaluate upon the basis of the Global Food Security Index, the overall food security situation in the European Union states. The countries are divided into two groups. The first is composed of fourteen selected states from the EU -15 and the second group is six selected states from the EU-13. In addition to the Food Security Index, the Food Affordability, Food Availability, and the Food Quality and Safety Indexes were also analyzed. The research data were obtained from the authors‘ own research based on the Global Food Security Index Report, and from FAO.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Dobošová Ľ., Jacková S., Kadlečíková M., Kapsdorferová Z. (2017) Food Security and Self-Sufficiency in Europe.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 111-119
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s111.pdf

Autor	Andrzej Ferenc, Ewa Koreleska
Tytuł	Functioning of “Organics Cluster” in the French National and Regional Market of Organic Food
Title
Słowa kluczowe	cluster, organic food, organic farming, organic market, integration, France
Key words
Abstrakt	The main aim of this study is to identify a model organic food cluster situated on the territory of a selected European Union country and its operation effects. In the first part of the study a selected food market of France is characterized as a reference point of further analyses and studies. The data was obtained from French domestic reports which cover years 2007-2016. Dynamics of changes has been defined as well as the trends characteristic of the analyzed period. The method of least squares has been used. Moreover, a definition and the importance of clusters has been presented on the basis of the literature of that topic. The part of the study includes a description of functioning of a selected French organic food cluster is described and evaluated. The method of case study has been used. It has been found that in 2007-2016 the eco-sector in France has developed significantly. A distinctly rising linear trend in the number of organic farms, ecological companies, ecologically cultivated land, the size of the market and degree of French people's knowledge of organic food labels has been reported for the eco-branch in France. As many as 112 projects have been implemented in the analyzed cluster. Those projects involved innovative and export undertakings which allowed to achieve a competitive advantage on the domestic market and even abroad. Positive effects also include possibility of experience exchange and financial support particularly important for young entrepreneurs.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Ferenc A., Koreleska E. (2017) Functioning of “Organics Cluster” in the French National and Regional Market of Organic Food.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 151-160
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s151.pdf

Autor	Małgorzata Matyja
Tytuł	A Comparative Study of Profitability of Agricultural Cooperatives in Poland and Around the World
Title
Słowa kluczowe	agricultural cooperatives, profitability, analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis test, Poland
Key words
Abstrakt	The differences in perception and functioning of agricultural cooperatives in different parts of the world are visible to the naked eye. Moreover, the literature brings different findings in respect to comparisons between cooperatives and non-cooperatives in terms of profitability. The purpose of this article was to identify the differences in profitability between agricultural cooperatives in selected parts of the world as well as between cooperatives and other enterprises in Polish agriculture. The description of results of the world report on cooperatives and analysis of variance on 300 agricultural enterprises in Poland were used in order to accomplish the above purpose. The main findings prove that American agricultural cooperatives achieved the best profitability results and that cooperatives have lower profitability than other enterprises in agriculture.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Matyja M. (2017) A Comparative Study of Profitability of Agricultural Cooperatives in Poland and Around the World.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 218-227
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s218.pdf

Autor	Jacek Pera
Tytuł	Linear and Non-linear Relationships Between Shares of the Agri-food Industries of the Warsaw Stock Exchange. Risk Aspect
Title
Słowa kluczowe	shares, risk, causal linear relationship, non- causal linear relationship, agri-food industry
Key words
Abstrakt	Despite a wide range of research on the agricultural market conducted so far, relatively little attention has been devoted to a comprehensive analysis of linear and non-linear causality in relation to the entire agri-food sector in Poland, in the context of risk. The objective of this study is therefore to analyze the linear and non-linear relationships between shares of WSE's agri-food industry sectors in terms of risk. The study covered three sectors of agri-food sector currently existing on the WSE (29 listed companies): Foods (21 listed companies), Agricultural Production and Fisheries (5 listed companies) and Food and Foodstuffs and fast-trafficking foodstuffs (3 listed companies). The existence of linear relationships was verified using the test procedure proposed by Hong, Liu, Wang and Łęt, while non-linear relationships were verified using the Diks-Panchenko, Orzeszko and Osińska tests’s. The study was carried out on the basis of data from companies of the agri-food industry listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange in the period from 1 May 2010 to 1 May 2017. The chosen research methodology was dictated by the correlation with investment risk on the WSE. The strongest and most enduring dependencies have been found in the agricultural and fisheries sectors. In the foodstuff sector and the fast-marketable sector, the risk of investment in the listed companies was temporary.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Pera J. (2017) Linear and Non-linear Relationships Between Shares of the Agri-food Industries of the Warsaw Stock Exchange. Risk Aspect.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 249-262
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s249.pdf

Autor	Piotr Pomichowski
Tytuł	Comparison of Poland's Agrarian Structure with other EU Countries Using Cluster Analysis
Title
Słowa kluczowe	agricultural holdings problems, farm fragmentation, agrarian structure, cluster analysis
Key words
Abstrakt	The analysis of agrarian structure of agricultural holdings in Poland was carried out in comparison with other EU countries. The study was conducted on the 2005 and 2013 data derived from Eurostat databases by means of cluster analysis. The results of the analysis confirmed the hypothesis of improvement of the agrarian structure of agricultural holdings in Poland vis-a-vis other EU countries. An increase in the average farm size was observed with a decrease in the number of entities.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Pomichowski P. (2017) Comparison of Poland's Agrarian Structure with other EU Countries Using Cluster Analysis.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 263-270
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s263.pdf

Autor	Filip Kłobukowski, Magdalena Skotnicka, Maria Śmiechowska
Tytuł	Prospects for Development of Highly Satiating Foods in Poland
Title
Słowa kluczowe	functional food, highly satiating food, obesity, Poland
Key words
Abstrakt	The high level of competition between food products on the market has encouraged the development of various types of functional foods. Consumer demands and requirements for both medicinal and healthy products has caused food manufacturers to widen their product offerings. The objective of this study was to present the legal status of functional food production and sales, as well as analyse the possibilities of developing customized foods, in particular, highly satiating foods. In this time of obesity epidemic, the use of specifically designed food products which suppress hunger and give the feeling of satiety could be an effective tool in preventing obesity and controlling body mass. There is an optimistic prognoses that this type of food will be introduced on the Polish market.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Kłobukowski F., Skotnicka M., Śmiechowska M. (2017) Prospects for Development of Highly Satiating Foods in Poland.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 280-291
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s280.pdf

Autor	Joanna Smoluk-Sikorska
Tytuł	Distribution of Organic Food in Poland
Title
Słowa kluczowe	organic food, distribution, retail, product range, supply sources, price level, Poland
Key words
Abstrakt	Distribution of organic food in Poland has a number of weaknesses resulting from low and irregular supply as well as dispersion of producers and intermediaries. The paper presents the outcomes of research carried out in 2012 in three types of retail outlets offering organic food, i.e. specialist shops, groceries and retail networks. The investigation was conducted in the form of in-depth interviews using a standardised questionnaire. As the research shows, only in specialist stores does the product range satisfy consumer needs, whereas in the other outlets it is limited generally to processed products. Wholesalers, organic farms and brokers are the main providers of the surveyed retail outlets; nevertheless, specialist shops use the services of more providers than the other types of outlets. Low supply of organic food results in high retail prices. Specialist shops and groceries apply margins up to 40% on average, while retail networks have margins up to 20%.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Smoluk-Sikorska J. (2017) Distribution of Organic Food in Poland.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 292-301
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s292.pdf

Autor	Monika Wieczorek-Kosmala
Tytuł	Risk financing choices of Polish companies – survey results
Title	Wybór metod finansowania ryzyka w polskich przedsiębiorstwach – wyniki badań ankietowych
Słowa kluczowe	risk management, risk financing, corporate finance, financial decision-making, retention, insurance
Key words	zarządzanie ryzykiem, finansowanie ryzyka, finanse przedsiębiorstw, podejmowanie decyzji finansowych, retencja, ubezpieczenie
Abstrakt	The paper presents and discusses the results of the survey which aimed at examining the choices of risk financing methods in Polish non-financial companies. The basic alternatives in risk financing are risk retention and insurance risk transfer. Risk financing decisions remain related to corporate financial decision-making process (due to the impact on the cost of capital and value creation). The paper discusses the obtained survey results in three decisive contexts (situations): risk retention and transfer as the alternatives, financial constraints of risk retention and financial constraints of risk transfer. It was found that the surveyed companies have showed the preference of risk transfer and these preferences were related to their size.
Abstract	Artykuł prezentuje wyniki badań ankietowych, których celem było zbadanie zastosowania metod finansowania ryzyka w przedsiębiorstwach. Retencja ryzyka i ubezpieczenie często są przedstawiane w literaturze jako skrajne alternatywy w obrębie możliwości finansowania ryzyka. Finansowanie ryzyka jest ważnym elementem decyzji finansowych przedsiębiorstwa, wpływającym również na efektywność jego działania (przez kategorię kosztu kapitału). Badania ankietowe przeprowadzono na próbie polskich przedsiębiorstw niefinansowych. Artykuł odnosi się do wyników tych badań w obszarze trzech sytuacji decyzyjnych: wyboru między retencją a ubezpieczeniem (jako alternatywami), finansowych ograniczeń dla zastosowania retencji oraz finansowych ograniczeń dla zastosowania transferu. Wyniki badań wskazują, że badane przedsiębiorstwa preferowały ubezpieczenie, co miało słaby (ale istotny statystycznie) związek z ich wielkością.
Cytowanie	Wieczorek-Kosmala M. (2017) Risk financing choices of Polish companies – survey results.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 118: 55-68
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2017_n118_s55.pdf

Autor	Marta Guziuk, Agnieszka Siedlecka
Tytuł	Park Krajobrazowy Podlaski Przełom Bugu jako destynacjagospodarstw domowych
Title	The Landscape Park the Bug River Gorge of Podlasie as a destinationfor households
Słowa kluczowe	gospodarstwo domowe, czas wolny, turystyka, krajobraz
Key words	household, free time, tourism, landscape
Abstrakt	Wśród wielu funkcji jakie pełnią gospodarstwa domowe, można wymienić międzyinnymi funkcję mającą na celu zagospodarowanie czasu wolnego poszczególnych jegoczłonków. Metoda i narzędzia pozwalające na realizację tej funkcji oraz sam fakt ilości czasuwolnego wpływają na jakość życia. W dużej mierze możliwości zagospodarowania czasuwolnego zależą od poziomu osiąganych dochodów w gospodarstwie, jego sytuacji ekonomicznej.Obszar Parku Krajobrazowego Podlaski Przełom Bugu to jeden z celów podróżyna tereny wschodniej Polski. Celem artykułu jest określenie głównych czynników determinującychpodejmowanie aktywności turystycznej oraz ocena czynników wpływających, zdaniemrespondentów, na atrakcyjność turystyczną tego parku. Postawiono hipotezę, iż w opiniiusługobiorców najważniejszym czynnikiem jest położenie w pobliżu stadniny koni w JanowiePodlaskim. Dla realizacji celu i weryfikacji postawionej hipotezy przeprowadzone zostały badaniaankietowe na grupie 103 kierowników gospodarstw domowych korzystających z usługturystycznych na tym terenie w okresie kwiecień–czerwiec 2017 roku.
Abstract	Among many functions of households there can be indicated the function aimed at managementof free time of their members. The method and the tools that allow for this function and thefact that they have a certain amount of free time affect the quality of life. The options of spendingfree time are highly dependent on the level of household’s income, its economic situation. One of thedestinations of trips to the Eastern Poland is the virgin area of the Landscape Park the Bug River Gorgeof Podlasie. The aim of the paper is to identify the main determinants of tourist activity and the factorsinfluencing the tourist attractiveness of the Landscape Park the Bug River Gorge of Podlasie onthe basis of respondents’ opinions. There was made a hypothesis that in the opinion of customers themost important factor is the location in the vicinity of the Horse Stud in Janów Podlaski. To accomplishsuch a goal and verify the hypothesis, the survey was conducted on a group of 103 household managersusing tourist services in this area in the period from April to June 2017.
Cytowanie	Guziuk M., Siedlecka A.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2017_n7_s99.pdf

Autor	Andrzej Buszko
Tytuł	The threats of the shadow economy for public finance in Poland
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	shadow economy, taxation gap, public finance, threats
Abstrakt
Abstract	The article is devoted to the treats of the shadow economy for public finance. The close attention was paid to the taxation gap and factors fostering shadow economy. The Pearson coefficient index was used in order to identify the strength of the correlation among chosen variables influencing the taxation gap. Based upon the results it should be stated that factors fostering taxation gap ought to be reduced and more complex action towards reduction of the shadow economy is required to be taken
Cytowanie	Buszko A. (2017) The threats of the shadow economy for public finance in Poland.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 18(67): 22-29
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2017_n67_s22.pdf

Autor	Sonia Kozub-Skalska
Tytuł	Rola słupów i faktycznych organizatorów przestępstw karuzelowych oraz skala współpracy z biegłymi sądowymi w przestępczości gospodarczej
Title	THE ROLE OF SUBSTITUTED PERSONS AND REAL ORGANIZERS OF CAROUSEL CRIMES AND THE SCALE OF COOPERATION WITH COURT EXPERTS IN ECONOMIC CRIME
Słowa kluczowe	firmanctwo, karuzele vat, organizatorzy przestępstw karuzelowych, opinie biegłych sądowych.
Key words	endorisng, VAT carousels, carousel organizers, opinions of court experts
Abstrakt	Jednym z mechanizmów, który znacząco przyczynia się do istnienia luki w VAT są oszustwa podatkowe realizowane w ramach tzw. karuzeli podatkowej. Niestety skala tego zjawiska pokazuje, iż zarówno organy skarbowe, jak i organy ścigania nie radzą sobie z ograniczaniem tej skali. Dzieje się tak dlatego, że w prowadzonych postępowaniach często nie dochodzi do wykrycia faktycznego organizatora karuzeli VAT, co w konsekwencji powoduje, iż szuka on nowych słupów i niemal natychmiast tworzy kolejną karuzelę. Zdaniem autora za taki stan rzeczy odpowiada między innymi organ podatkowy wydający decyzje podatkowe na słupów nie korzystając przy tym z możliwości wynikających wprost z art. 55 kodeksu karnego skarbowego (firmanctwo). Nie można bowiem zapominać, iż faktycznymi beneficjentami korzyści finansowych pochodzących z oszustw podatkowych są organizatorzy, nie zaś osoby podstawione (słupy), które w efekcie swojej roli są bardzo nisko opłacani. Wydanie decyzji podatkowej na faktycznego organizatora umożliwia realne odzyskanie start jakie poniósł budżet państwa. Ponadto wyspecjalizowane komórki zajmujące się odzyskaniem mienia, które podlegają pod Wydział ds. Odzyskiwania Mienia w Komendzie Głównej Policji miałby realną szansę na zabezpieczenie majątku organizatora, pochodzącego z przestępstwa. Wydaje się, iż bez zmiany podejścia organów podatkowych i współpracy organów ścigania faktyczni organizatorzy pozostaną nadal bezkarni, a odzyskanie mienia niemal niemożliwe – mimo sprzyjających możliwości ustawodawczych. Do ustalania faktycznych organizatorów konieczna jest szeroka analiza schematu przestępczego procederu, a tym samym jak pokazuje praktyka bliższa współpraca wymiaru sprawiedliwości z biegłymi sądowymi, która w efekcie przyczyni się do efektywności ustalania faktycznych organizatorów zorganizowanych grup przestępczych działających w obszarach przestępstw karuzelowych. Artykuł stanowi kontynuacje badań podjętych przez autora w publikacji pt. Mechanizm przestępstw karuzelowych i metody ich ograniczenia1. Celem artykułu jest zwrócenie uwagi na konieczność zmiany podejścia do prowadzonego postępowania, co może realnie ograniczyć skalę przestępstw karuzelowych. Jednocześnie autor wskazuje na konieczność wykorzystania istniejącego stanu prawnego oraz współpracy z biegłymi sadowymi w celu poprawy efektywności prowadzonych postępowań (czas trwania postepowania, ustalanie faktycznych organizatorów). Wartością dodaną opracowania jest to, iż metody poruszone w artykule nie wymagają zmian legislacyjnych, a więc mogą zostać natychmiast zastosowane w praktyce. W celu przedstawienia zamierzonych celów zastosowano metody badań literaturowych oraz danych publicznych udostępnianych przez Ministerstwo Finansów, obowiązujących aktów prawnych. Ponadto przeprowadzono badania własne obejmujące skalę współpracy między wymiarem sprawiedliwości, a biegłymi sądowymi, co pozwala zweryfikować hipotezę, iż zakres tej współpracy w zakresie przestępczości gospodarczej jest niewystarczający. Zawarte w artykule rozważania mają charakter zarówno teoretyczny, jak i praktyczny.
Abstract	One of the mechanisms that significantly contributes to the existence of the VAT gap are tax frauds implemented within the so-called carousel tax. Unfortunately, the scale of this occurrence shows that both tax authorities and law enforcement agencies do not cope with limiting this scale. This is because in the conducted proceedings, the real organizer of the VAT carousel is often not detected, which in turn means that he is looking for new substituted persons and almost immediately creates a new carousel. According to the author, such a state of affairs corresponds, inter alia, to the tax authority issuing tax decisions on substituted persons, without making use of the possibilities resulting directly from art. 55 of the penal fiscal code (endorsing). It can not be forgotten that the actual beneficiaries of financial benefits from tax frauds are the organizers, not the substitute persons, which as a result of their role are very low paid. Issuing a tax decision on the real organizer makes it possible to regain the actual losses taken by the state budget. In addition, specialized units dealing with the recovery of property, which are subject to the Department of Recovery of Property at the Police Headquarters would have a real chance to secure the property of an organizer from a crime. It seems that without changing the tax authorities' approach and law enforcement cooperation, the real organizers will remain unpunished, and the recovery of assets almost impossible - despite the favorable legislative possibilities. A broad analysis of the criminal procedure pattern is necessary to determine the real organizers, and thus, as the practice shows, closer judicial cooperation with court experts, which in turn will contribute to the effectiveness of identifying the real organizers of organized criminal groups operating in the areas of carousel crimes. The article is a continuation of the research undertaken by the author in the publication Mechanism of carousel crimes and methods of their limitation. The aim of the article is to draw attention to the need to change the approach to the conducted proceedings, which can realistically reduce the scale of carousel crimes. At the same time, the author indicates the necessity to use the existing legal status and to cooperate with court experts in order to improve the efficiency of proceedings (duration of proceedings, determination of real organizers). The added value of the study is that the methods mentioned in the article do not require legislative changes, so they can be applied immediately in practice. In order to present the intended objectives, there were applied methods of literature research and public data made available by the Ministry of Finance, applicable legal acts. In addition, own research was carried out, including the scale of cooperation between the judiciary and court experts, which allows us to verify the hypothesis that the scope of this cooperation in the field of economic crime is insufficient. The considerations in the article are both theoretical and practical.
Cytowanie	Kozub-Skalska S. (2017) Rola słupów i faktycznych organizatorów przestępstw karuzelowych oraz skala współpracy z biegłymi sądowymi w przestępczości gospodarczej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 18(67): 42-57
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2017_n67_s42.pdf

Autor	Aleksandra Snarska
Tytuł	Kapitał klienta a wartość rynkowa na przykładzie bankowości detalicznej
Title	CUSTOMER EQUITY AND MARKET VALUE IN RETAIL BANKING
Słowa kluczowe	wartość życiowa klienta, wartość rynkowa firmy, bankowość detaliczna
Key words	customer lifetime value, market value of a firm, retail banking
Abstrakt	Niniejszy artykuł koncentruje się na badaniu zależności między wartością życiowa klienta a wartością rynkową banków na rynku polskim. Wielu autorów (P. Seybold, S. Gupta, D. Lehmann, R. Boulton, B. Liebert, S. Samek, R. Heiebeler, T. Kelly, Ch. Ketteman, P. Doyle) wykazywało pozytywną zależność miedzy wartością przyszłych przepływów pieniężnych od bazy klientów firmy a prognozowaną wyceną rynkową firmy przez inwestorów. Innym zastosowaniem wartości życiowej klienta jest zarządzanie kapitałem klienta poprzez rozwijanie klientów, ochrona relacji z nimi, zacieśnianie relacji czy zwiększanie ich wartości. Głównym założeniem artykułu jest przybliżenie metody CLV oraz zbadanie rozlicznych korelacji tego wskaźnika z wynikami finansowymi banków giełdowych. Artykuł koncentruje się także na metodologiach i trudnościach wyliczania CLV. W tym przypadku zbadane zostaną dwie metody liczenia CLV – jedna oparta na zysku z działalności podstawowej, a druga hipotetycznie bardziej dokładna na zysku brutto w segmencie operacyjnym detal. W związku z przyjętym podejściem ukazana zostanie charakterystyka tak rozumianego kapitału klienta na polskim rynku banków giełdowych wyliczana osobno dla CLV na zysku z działalności podstawowej oraz na zysku brutto. Wiele badań wykazywało pozytywną korelację między wartością szacunkowych przyszłych przepływów pieniężnych bazy klienckiej banku a wartością rynkową firmy. Finalnie zweryfikowana zostanie hipoteza o wysokiej korelacji między wartością życiową bazy klientów banku a jego wartością rynkową banków.
Abstract	The following article focuses on researching the dependencies between customer lifetime value CLV and the market valuations MV on the Polish banking sector. Many authors (P. Seybold, S. Gupta, D. Lehmann, R. Boulton, B. Liebert, S. Samek, R. Heiebeler, T. Kelly, Ch. Ketteman, P. Doyle) were claiming that there is a positive dependency between the value of future cash flows from the customer base of the company and its forecasted market valuation by the investors. Article’s main goal is to explain CLV methodology and to investigate correlations of this index with the financial results of Polish stock exchange banks. It also focuses on the methodologies and difficulties of appropriate estimation of the CLV. In this case two methods will be taken into account – first traditional measured on the Other Income and second hypothetically more accurate measured on Gross Income in the retail operating segment. Next the author will try characterize the customer equity calculated both for the Other Income CLV and the Gross Profit CLV on the Polish retail banking market, for the stock exchange banks. There is a lot of research confirming a positive correlation between the estimated value of future cash flows from the base of customers and the market value of the company. Finally a hypothesis of a high correlation between lifetime value of the customer base of the bank and its market value will be verified.
Cytowanie	Snarska A. (2017) Kapitał klienta a wartość rynkowa na przykładzie bankowości detalicznej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 18(67): 181-199
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2017_n67_s181.pdf

Autor	Balázs Gyenge, Ádám Horváth
Tytuł	Movie consumption among Hungarian university students
Title	Movie consumption among Hungarian university students
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	consumer behaviour, culture consumption, decision making, movie download
Abstrakt
Abstract	In recent years, movie theatres have again found their footing, managing to grow audiences with exciting releases and new technologies. However, uncertainty remains as to how consumers obtain information and make decisions (be it the choice of a particulartitle or by what means it’s watched). While thwarting piracy still proves a great challenge, the issue could be approached from a different point of view: as a service problem to be solved by offering better alternatives. Following a brief look at some of the relevant literature,this paper analyzes a pilot study conducted with university students, who were asked about their movie consumption habits, focusing on the various influences and sources of information that have an effect on their decisions.
Cytowanie	Gyenge B., Horváth Á.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2017_n1_s13.pdf

Autor	Eugeniusz Michalski
Tytuł	Enterprise branding strategies
Title	Enterprise branding strategies
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	strategy, market, brand extension, brand portfolio, brand equity
Abstrakt
Abstract	Preparation for marketing and implementation of exchange goods and services require branding strategies to be built. Effective branding can lend a major edge in increasingly competitive markets. An enterprise needs to determine how to conceive of brand strategy,set up brand extensions and determine the dimensions of brand equity. To understand the factors shaping branding strategies, marketers must understand where, how much and in what way brand value is created. Success or failure depend on continuously monitoring the effectiveness of branding strategies and the appropriate use of brand extension, brand equity and opportunities that appear on markets.
Cytowanie	Michalski E.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2017_n1_s49.pdf

Autor	Emil Ochnio
Tytuł	Changes in the profitability of investment funds in Poland in the period 2005-2016
Title	Changes in the profitability of investment funds in Poland in the period 2005-2016
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	financial sector, investment funds, profitability
Abstrakt
Abstract	The paper examines the rates of return of three main types of investment funds in the period of from 2005 to June 2016. The analysis covers 120 equity, 55 bond and 60 mixed funds and is based on data taken from www.bossa.pl, www.analizy.pl and www.izfa.pl. The results of analysis indicate that macroeconomic conditions significantly shape fund returns, though the impact is diversified by fund type. Better stock market conditions benefit equity and mixed funds, and the periods of economic slowdown are favorable for safer funds, including bond and money market funds. For the entire period, equity funds achieved the highest returns, but with the highest risk. The opposite situation concerned bond funds. The average returns of every type of fund were higher than deposit rates – more than 50% of the funds outgained them.
Cytowanie	Ochnio E.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2017_n1_s59.pdf

Autor	Benedykt Bober, Marcin Olkiewicz
Tytuł	Managing the safety of clinical nutrition as an important element of comprehensive health satisfaction
Title	Managing the safety of clinical nutrition as an important element of comprehensive health satisfaction
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	quality, management, clinical nutrition, food safety
Abstrakt
Abstract	The health of society treated as a set of potential consumers requires effective action and a multidisciplinary approach. For the paper, a survey (a proprietary questionnaire) was used to determine the impact of quality and the factors determining it. Excessiveconsumption of high-energy food is the cause of diet-related diseases, aggravating both household budgets and the healthcare system. Healthy eating habits and the elements of food production safety should be monitored by a food security system. Such a system should be based on permanent control of nutritional, health-related characteristics and the presence of harmful substances to minimise the risk of disease. The process of improving threat detection systems is based on scientific risk analysis, the results of which form the basis for comprehensive risk management in clinical nutrition. Understanding patients’ opinions about the importance of quality nutrition in public hospitals may be among the determinants for improved multidirectional activities and increase the effectiveness of safe clinical nutrition. This aspect plays an important role in health education.
Cytowanie	Bober B., Olkiewicz M.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2017_n1_s69.pdf

Autor	Oleh Ożarowski
Tytuł	Advantages and threats of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP)
Title	Advantages and threats of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP)
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP), non-tariff trade barriers,export, import
Abstrakt
Abstract	The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) is a major trade pact created to further integration of the EU and US economies. In today’s low-tariff reality, the agreement concentrates on eliminating nontariff trade barriers between the states, such as the differing standards in the European union and in the United States for given consumer goods and services. Unfortunately, a number of barriers threaten ratification. The agreement remains far from implementation and it is hard to measure how the two sides would benefit from it equally.
Cytowanie	Ożarowski O.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2017_n1_s81.pdf

Autor	Mateusz Rak
Tytuł	Corporate Social Resposibility activities undertaken by enterprises
Title	Corporate Social Resposibility activities undertaken by enterprises
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	corporate philanthropy, CSR, strategy, corporate foundation
Abstrakt
Abstract	The paper shows areas of CSR included in corporate strategy, including particularly philanthropy, which may be pursued by an external organisation. It also presents areas of corporate social responsibility, providing a background for the results of the analysis of secondary data concerning the importance of CSR for enterprise. The procedure for creating a CSR strategy is explained and the possibilities of pursuing philanthropic tasks by an external organisation are shown. Using own research (the analysis of websites of 125 corporate foundations in Poland in 2015 and the results of the survey of 46 managers from corporate foundations), author present ways of delegating philanthropic tasks to corporate foundations and how the tasks are accomplished. This article is intended for researchers studying CSR and also for company managers who think about philanthropy.
Cytowanie	Rak M.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2017_n1_s109.pdf

Autor	Kateryna Zavalniuk
Tytuł	Diversification as a modern growth strategy in agriculture
Title	Diversification as a modern growth strategy in agriculture
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	strategy, marketing strategy, diversification, agrarian groups, agricultural enterprises
Abstrakt
Abstract	The aim of the article is to examine the theoretical foundations of diversification strategy and identify the characteristics of its application in agriculture. The relevance of diversification strategy research is that its implementation allows additional income to be made, ensures financial stability for enterprise when demand for basic products fluctuates, and strengthens the competitive position in chosen markets. The importance for enterprise of implementing growth strategy is discussed, as is the economic essence of “marketing strategy”. Dynamic changes in the market force producers to review their activity and seek a more optimum development strategy. Diversification can be the optimal strategy when market conditions are uncertain. The article analyzes the essence and types of diversification along with the benefits and disadvantages of diversification strategy. As a result of the research, features of diversification strategy for the agricultural sector were analysed, the essence of which may be found in the unification of agricultural products with other kinds of activity. This is done to decrease the risk arising from receding demand for main agricultural products. The study found that the most effective and least risky strategy is vertical diversification, which involves obtaining a synergistic effect and reducing transaction costs (through the use of a single production chain from field to consumer).
Cytowanie	Zavalniuk K.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2017_n1_s123.pdf

Autor	Patryk Zwierzyński
Tytuł	The determinants of consumer behaviours in the furniture market
Title	The determinants of consumer behaviours in the furniture market
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	furniture sector, determinants of consumers’ behaviours
Abstrakt
Abstract	The article presents analysis of the determinants of consumer behaviours in the furniture market. Given the numerous factors that influence consumer behaviours, the author has decided to focus on the most important determinants affecting furniture purchasers’ attitudes in the Polish furniture market. The determinants are divided into indirect factors (economic, demographic and marketing) and direct ones. The he characteristics of furniture are also described. The publication is based on the literature and research conducted in the furniture market in previous years.
Cytowanie	Zwierzyński P.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2017_n1_s131.pdf