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Autor	Eugeniusz Michalski
Tytuł	MARKETING MANAGEMENT OF ENTERPRISE
Title	Zarządzanie marketingowe przedsiębiorstwem
Słowa kluczowe	paradygmat, wartości, strategia, SWOT, technologia informacyjna
Key words	paradigm, values, strategy, SWOT, information technology
Abstrakt	Głównym celem artykułu jest przedstawienie jak nowa koncepcja marketingu mix wpływa na dostarczanie wartości dla nabywców i przynosi korzyści przedsiębiorstwu. Zadaniem zarządzania marketingowego jest udostepnienie dóbr i usług nabywcom wtedy kiedy są gotowi do zakupu. Przedsiębiorstwo potrzebuje trafne i aktualne informacje o nabywcach, konkurentach i nowych trendach rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego w kraju i na świecie. Analizie poddano paradygmat zarzadzania marketingowego i proces tworzenia zarzadzania marketingowego opartego na wartościach. Następnie rozpatrzono koncepcje strategii marketingowej i analizę SWOT. Na końcu omówiono wpływ technologii informacyjnej na zarzadzanie marketingowe.
Abstract	The main goal of this article is to present how the new conception of marketing mix affects delivering value to customers and benefit an enterprise. The task of marketing management is to make the good and service available when a customer is ready to buy it. An enterprise needs timely, accurate and relevant information on customers, competitors and new socio-economic trends in the country and the world. The analysis of marketing management paradigm and creation of value based management were carry out. Next, the concept of marketing strategy and SWOT analysis were under consideration. Lastly, the impact of information technology on marketing management were described.
Cytowanie	Michalski E. (2016) MARKETING MANAGEMENT OF ENTERPRISE.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 15(64): 84-95
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2016_n64_s84.pdf

Autor	Agata Niemczyk
Tytuł	FREE TIME AS A DETERMINANT OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CULTURAL CONTEXT
Title	Czas wolny jako czynnik rozwoju gospodarczego kontekst kulturowy
Słowa kluczowe	czas wolny, rozwój gospodarczy, województwo, funkcja kulturowa regionu
Key words	free time, economic development, voivodship, cultural function of regions
Abstrakt	Artykuł przedstawia wyniki analizy zależności pomiędzy czasem wolnym a rozwojem gospodarczym regionu, a biorąc pod uwagę fakt, że wśród wielu sposobów spędzania czasu wolnego wymienia się kulturę, to głównym celem artykuł stało się przedstawienie zależności pomiędzy poziomem rozwoju funkcji kulturowej regionu a poziomem jego rozwoju gospodarczego. W pracy wykorzystano publikowane dane GUS odnośnie do polskich województw, a ich dostępność wyznaczyła zakres czasowy badania, który przypadł na lata 2005- 2013. Analizy empiryczne poprzedziły rozważania teoretyczne opisujące relacje pomiędzy czasem wolnym a rozwojem gospodarczym.
Abstract	The article presents the results of the analysis of the interplay between free time and economic development of a region. Since culture is one of the ways of spending one’s free time, the main objective of this article is the presentation of interdependencies between the level of development of the cultural function of a region and the level of its economic development. Published GUS data referring to Polish voivodships were used and their availability set the timeframe of the research which covered the years 2005 – 2013. Theoretical considerations describing the relation between free time and economic development were preceded by empirical analyses.
Cytowanie	Niemczyk A. (2016) FREE TIME AS A DETERMINANT OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CULTURAL CONTEXT.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 15(64): 104-115
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2016_n64_s104.pdf

Autor	Ewa Frąckiewicz, Edyta Rudawska, Małgorzata Wiścińska
Tytuł	SUSTAINABLE MARKETING MIX – THE BASIC ASSUMPTIONS
Title
Słowa kluczowe	marketing, zrównoważony rozwój, instrumenty marketingowe
Key words	marketing, sustainable development, marketing instruments
Abstrakt	Rosnące znaczenie koncepcji zrównoważonego rozwoju znajduje swoje konsekwencje w polityce marketingowej współczesnych organizacji, zarówno na poziomie mikro jak i makro. W ostatnich latach pojawiła się koncepcja zrównoważonego marketingu. Koncentruje się ona na konieczności zaspokajania potrzeb z zyskiem, przy jednoczesnym tworzeniu, komunikowaniu i dostarczaniu wartości dla konsumentów, partnerów i społeczeństwa. Dążąc do kreowania wartości o charakterze społecznym, etycznym i/lub środowiskowym przy zachowaniu efektywności ekonomicznej marketing jest postrzegany jako aktywność umożliwiająca realizację koncepcji zrównoważonego rozwoju na poziomie przedsiębiorstwa. Artykuł wpisuje się w aktualną dyskusję na temat nowej koncepcji zarządzania, w tym koncepcji zarządzania marketingowego. Celem opracowania jest określenie wpływu koncepcji zrównoważonego rozwoju na charakter instrumentarium marketingowego oddziaływania współczesnych organizacji. Artykuł ma charakter przeglądowy i został przygotowany w oparciu o analizę najnowszej literatury przedmiotu.
Abstract	The growing importance of sustainable development concept finds its consequences in companies’ marketing policy, on both micro and macro level. A new concept of sustainable marketing has emerged. It focuses on the necessity of satisfying the needs with profit, while creating, communicating and delivering value for consumers, partners and the society. Therefore concentrating activities on achieving values of social, ethical and / or environmental character, while maintaining economic efficiency, marketing can be seen as an activity, which enables the implementation of sustainable development at a company level. The article fits into the current discussion on the new management concept, including marketing activities. The goal was to identify the impact of sustainable development on marketing tools of modern organizations. The article is a review and has been prepared based on an analysis of recent literature.
Cytowanie	Frąckiewicz E., Rudawska E., Wiścińska M. (2016) SUSTAINABLE MARKETING MIX – THE BASIC ASSUMPTIONS.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 15(64): 130-138
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2016_n64_s130.pdf

Autor	Maria Sławińska
Tytuł	CHANGES TO RETAIL BUSINESS MODELS - OVERVIEW OF THE DETERMINING FACTORS
Title	Uwarunkowania zmian modeli biznesowych w handlu detalicznym
Słowa kluczowe	modele biznesu, handel detaliczny, format sklepu, innowacje w handlu, konkurencja, zachowania nabywców
Key words	business models, retailing, store format, innovation in commerce, competition, buyer behaviour
Abstrakt	Modele biznesu w handlu detalicznym zarówno w odniesieniu do funkcjonowania całego przedsiębiorstwa, jak i poszczególnych typów jednostek handlowych ulegają zmianom w warunkach współczesnej gospodarki. Ma to związek z rosnącą konkurencją, zmianami zachowań i oczekiwań klientów, globalizacją gospodarki, dostępnością i rozwojem nowych technologii informacyjnych. W artykule przedstawiono istotę i podstawowe elementy modeli biznesowych w handlu detalicznym, wskazano na kierunki ich ewolucji oraz dokonano identyfikacji determinant i trendów w kształtowaniu modeli biznesowych firm handlowych. Z przeprowadzonej analizy wynika, że sektor handlu detalicznego cechuje się dużą innowacyjnością, ale zmiany modeli biznesowych mają charakter ewolucyjny. Polegają one głównie na wprowadzaniu nowych rozwiązań w zakresie formatów sklepów, współpracy w kanałach dystrybucji, zmianach oferty asortymentowo-usługowej, stosowaniu technologii mobilnych.
Abstract	Retail business models, both with respect to overall retail operations, as well as individual types of retail organisations, are undergoing transformation brought on by the current economic environment. This can be attributed to growing competition, changes to customer behaviour and expectations, globalisation, as well as the availability and development of new information technologies. This paper outlines the essence and fundamental components of retail business models, indicates the probable directions in which those models may evolve and identifies the determining factors and trends that shape the business models applied by retailers. In her analysis the author has demonstrated that although the retail sector eagerly embraces innovation, any changes to business models are evolutionary in their nature. They mainly involve the introduction of new solutions in terms of store formats, cooperation within the distribution channels, changes to the range of products and services offered and the use of mobile technologies.
Cytowanie	Sławińska M. (2016) CHANGES TO RETAIL BUSINESS MODELS - OVERVIEW OF THE DETERMINING FACTORS.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 15(64): 149-160
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2016_n64_s149.pdf

Autor	Andrzej Szromnik
Tytuł	CITY PLACEMENT – INNOVATIONAL MEANS OF PROMOTING CITIES
Title	City placement - innowacyjny środek promocji miast
Słowa kluczowe	promocja miast, city placement, strategie marketingowe, miasto w biznesie filmowym
Key words	city promotion, city placement, marketing strategies, a city in a film business
Abstrakt	W artykule dokonano próby szczegółowej projekcji strategii „city placement” z zaakcentowaniem głównych jej wątków, elementów składowych oraz problemów decyzyjnych zespołów realizatorów filmowych. Autor oparł się w tym względzie na diagnozie oraz analizie procesów oraz procedur decyzyjnych właściwych dla dużych polskich miast, ich organów administracyjnych, strategii promocyjnych oraz zasad współpracy z partnerami medialnymi. Zastosowane ujęcie procesowo – strukturalne w założeniu ma naświetlić główne determinanty wdrażania strategii „city placement” w marketingowej praktyce miast i regionów.
Abstract	A detail attempt of the “city placement” strategy, has been made in the article. Its main threads, components and decision making problems of the film producers teams have been emphasized. The author based his knowledge, in this case, on the diagnosis and analysis of the processes and decision making procedures adequate for big, Polish cities, their administrative authorities, promotional strategies and the rules of cooperation with media partners. Assumedly, the used process-structural conceptualization is to emphasize the main determinants of the “city placement” strategy introduction in marketing practice of the cities and regions.
Cytowanie	Szromnik A. (2016) CITY PLACEMENT – INNOVATIONAL MEANS OF PROMOTING CITIES.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 15(64): 161-169
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2016_n64_s161.pdf

Autor	Jan Wiktor
Tytuł	Próba analizy bibliometrycznej publikacji 25. Zjazdu Katedr Marketingu, Handlu i Konsumpcji - doświadczenia przeszłości i wyzwania przyszłości
Title	AN ATTEMPT OF BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE PUBLICATIONS FROM THE 25TH CONGRESS OF MARKETING, COMMERCE AND CONSUMPTION DEPARTMENTS - EXPERIENCES OF THE PAST AND CHALLENGES OF THE FUTURE
Słowa kluczowe	marketing, bibliometria, 25 Zjazd katedr marketingu w Polsce
Key words	marketing, bibliometrics, 25th Marketing Departments Congress in Poland
Abstrakt	Artykuł stanowi próbę oceny bibliometrycznej publikacji 25. Zjazdu katedr marketingu, handlu i konsumpcji w Toruniu w 2014 r. Składa się z dwóch części. Pierwsza koncentruje uwagę na istocie bibliometrii, jej znaczeniu w działalności naukowej i komunikowaniu wyników badań. Część druga prezentuje rezultaty własnej kwerendy i analizy dorobku publikacyjnego Zjazdu przy wykorzystaniu podstawowych przekrojów bibliometrii (kraj pochodzenia autora publikacji, język i forma publikacji). Analizowany materiał objął zbiór 195 artykułów, w których cytowano łącznie 3164 prac autorów polskich (49,8%) i zagranicznych (50,2%). „Współczynnik wpływu”- „impact factor” publikacji ze zjazdów wcześniejszych ukształtował się na poziomie znikomym - 0,6%. Prezentowana analiza ma charakter wstępny i ograniczony. Za zasadne można uznać podjęcie szerokich, pogłębionych badań bibliometrycznych publikacji z zakresu marketingu w Polsce i stworzenie wskaźnika wpływu marketingu ( literatury marketingowej) na inne dziedziny i dyscypliny nauki. Punktem wyjścia winno być stworzenie uzgodnionego zestawu czasopism z zakresu marketingu, rynku, handlu i konsumpcji, których pozycja i „efektywność” w znaczeniu bibliometrii jest szczególnie ważna i znacząca. Byłoby to zarazem swoistą odpowiedzią środowiska na „wyzwania przyszłości” - wyzwania akcentowane w drugiej części tytułu jubileuszowego, 25. Zjazdu katedr w Toruniu w 2014 r.
Abstract	The paper endeavours to assess the publications from 25th Congress of Marketing, Commerce and Consumption Departments, which took place in Toruń in 2014, using a bibliometric analysis. It consists of two parts. The first focuses on the essence of bibliometrics, its importance in the academic activity and in communicating research results. The second part presents findings of the author’s own query, and an analysis of publication output of the 2014 congress. Research has utilized the basic bibliometric data (country of origin, the author, language and a form of publication). The analyzed material consisted of 195 papers, in which altogether there were 3164 texts of Polish (49,8%) and foreign (50,2%) authors. The impact factor of previous congresses was very small – 0,6%. This analysis has a preliminary and limited character. It is recommended that an extended and deeper bibliometric research on the marketing literature in Poland should be undertaken, and a marketing impact factor (of marketing literature) on other academic fields and disciplines need to be created. A first step should focus on the formation of a set of marketing, market, commerce and consumption journals which positions and „effectiveness” in terms of bibliometrics is significant. It would be a community’s answer to the „challenges of the future,” which were underlined during the second part of the 25th Congress of Departments in Toruń in 2014.
Cytowanie	Wiktor J. (2016) Próba analizy bibliometrycznej publikacji 25. Zjazdu Katedr Marketingu, Handlu i Konsumpcji - doświadczenia przeszłości i wyzwania przyszłości.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 15(64): 170-182
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2016_n64_s170.pdf

Autor	Andżelika Kuźnar
Tytuł	Poland’s Trade in Services with Germany – EU Membership Experience
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	services, knowledge-intensive services, international competitiveness, international trade, RCA, Poland
Abstrakt
Abstract	Services play an increasingly important role in economies and international trade and are a vital element of building competitive advantage of nations. The aim of the paper is to determine the competitive position of Poland in trade in services with Germany and its changes. The RCA index is used to determine the international competitiveness of services. A special attention is devoted to high-tech knowledge-intensive services due to their potential impact on building competitiveness of all sectors of economy. Germany is a reference country as it is the most important trade partner of Poland. The time scope covers generally years 2004-2014. The analysis revealed that services development is lagged in Poland in comparison with Germany, but there is an ongoing convergence of structures of both economies. The share of high-tech services increased in Poland’s services exports, but Poland does not reveal comparative advantage in any of high-tech knowledge-intensive services.
Cytowanie	Kuźnar A. (2016) Poland’s Trade in Services with Germany – EU Membership Experience.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 18-32
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s18.pdf

Autor	Katarzyna Andrzejczak, Łucja Przysiecka
Tytuł	Genetic Technology Transfer to Kenyan Agriculture in the Context of Biotechnology Research
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	technology development, biotechnology, research and development, Sub-Saharan Africa, GMO, Cartagena Protocol, technology transfer
Abstrakt
Abstract	Technology development is a crucial issue for economic development in Sub-Saharan African countries. In this paper current research on biotechnology and the potential of biotechnology absorption in Kenya is analyzed. The institutional character, areas of research and funding mechanisms of the research institutions contributing to agriculture sector technological advancements were examined in the context of local farmer’s needs. Also factors, such as legal framework and cultural and social values for the biotechnology research in the region were explored. Literature review and the qualitative analysis of data on research facilities and the papers from the region were applied in the research. OLS correlation method was applied in the analysis of the data.
Cytowanie	Andrzejczak K., Przysiecka Ł. (2016) Genetic Technology Transfer to Kenyan Agriculture in the Context of Biotechnology Research.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 44-54
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s44.pdf

Autor	Agnieszka Borowska
Tytuł	Changes and Evolutions of Beekeeping Sector in Poland between 2010-2015, in the Context of EU Adhesion
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	beekeeping sector, beekeepers, bee colonies, colonies, honey production
Abstrakt
Abstract	Changes in the beekeeping sector in Poland in the years 2010 to 2015 with particular focus on regional differences are discussed. The situation of amateur and professional beekeepers in terms of their socioeconomic statuses with regard to number of bee colonies, productivity, number of hives per 1 km sq., losses in the bee colonies is presented. The main sources of information, including the Central Statistical Office (CSO), FAOSTAT 2016, the reports and studies of S. Pieniążek Research Institute of Pomology and Floriculture in Skierniewice Division of Apiculture in Puławy, the materials of the Polish Association of Beekeepers. The comparative and descriptive methods have been applied in the analysis of the research problem. The article shows who is the beekeepers, how is the situation in the number and structure of bee colonies by province, inform about average size of an apiary, and density of honeybee colonies (number of colonies per 2 km sq.). The fragmentation of apiaries in Poland is a factor that has direct impact on the low profitability of production, while the associated high costs, small scale of production, and lack of investment capital, significantly reduce the economic results and hinder further development.
Cytowanie	Borowska A. (2016) Changes and Evolutions of Beekeeping Sector in Poland between 2010-2015, in the Context of EU Adhesion.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 74-85
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s74.pdf

Autor	Agnieszka Brelik
Tytuł	Economic Activity of Farms Against Farms Countries of the European Union
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	rural area, other gainful activity, agricultural farm
Abstrakt
Abstract	The development of an economic activity has been considered as a driving force for economic development, creating a chance to remove the rural population outside the agricultural sector. This article presents an analysis of the development of non-agricultural activities on farms in Poland and other countries in the European Union. A spatial variation in entrepreneurial farms in the EU in the years 2005, 2007 and 2010 indicated the dominant form of non-agricultural activities.
Cytowanie	Brelik A. (2016) Economic Activity of Farms Against Farms Countries of the European Union.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 86-91
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s86.pdf

Autor	Katarzyna Czech
Tytuł	Structural Changes in Wheat Market
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	agricultural commodity, wheat market, structural breaks, Bai-Perron test
Abstrakt
Abstract	Time series analysis is based on the assumption of stationarity. Stationarity implies the parameters are constant over time. Structural break occurs when at least one of the parameters changes at some date. Structural breaks can lead to huge forecasting errors and unreliability of the model. Modelling structure breaks is very popular in the literature of macroeconomics and finance. However, there are still too few publications about structural breaks in agricultural market. The goal of research is to identify structural breaks in wheat prices time series. A few structural break tests are applied. It has been shown that there is at least one significant structural break in the analysed time series. Both Quandt-Andrews and Bai-Perron tests show that there is a significant breakpoint in 12.09.2007. The estimated break date is associated with the beginning of global financial crisis. It may imply that wheat prices have become more prone to changes in global financial market.
Cytowanie	Czech K. (2016) Structural Changes in Wheat Market.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 92-98
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s92.pdf

Autor	Nataliya Horin
Tytuł	Support of Eco-innovation Projects in Agriculture: Case of Poland
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	eco-innovation, agriculture, support, Poland
Abstrakt
Abstract	The study attempts to investigate Polish practices to support the eco-innovation in agriculture that ensure the sustainable development of the sector. The specificities and barriers to eco-innovative activities of agricultural enterprises were defined. The paper focuses on the analysis of the supporting mechanism of eco-innovation in Polish agriculture both on national and EU’s levels. Using the factor and SWOT analyses, the author determines the effectiveness, opportunities and challenges of Polish support of agri-ecological innovation. The relationships between the eco-innovative indicators and the level of support for farmers are also shown.
Cytowanie	Horin N. (2016) Support of Eco-innovation Projects in Agriculture: Case of Poland.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 123-130
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s123.pdf

Autor	Aneta Jarosz-Angowska, Magdalena Kąkol
Tytuł	Comparative Analysis of Support to Agriculture in the QUAD Countries in 1986-2014
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	subsidies, agriculture, European Union, United States, Japan, Canada
Abstrakt
Abstract	The purpose of this paper is a comparative analysis of support provided to agriculture sector by the QUAD countries in 1986-2014. The authors examined the changes in levels and structures of this support and tried to assess it from the point of view of its impact on the QUAD economies and markets. In the analysis conducted there were used especially the OECD data and indexes measuring state support to agriculture including: Total Support Estimate, Producer Support Estimate, General Services Support Estimate and Consumer Support Estimate. In the last three decades in all the examined economies, there has been a reduction in agricultural support in relation to GDP, although no distinct change has occurred in terms of the amount of aid in absolute terms (in the US its value even increased almost twice). As regards the changes in structure of support, the most favorable tendencies took place in the European Union where the market price support (MPS), i.e. the most distorting aid to the functioning of the market mechanism, was significantly reduced. One can also positively assess the support structure in the United States where about half of the agricultural budget is earmarked to consumers. Canada has very good economic outcomes as regard the agriculture sector even though it allocates the least amount of financial resources to support agriculture in relation to GDP among all the QUAD economies. However, despite a large part of this support is in the form of general services (GSSE), the country is characterized by an unfavorable trend of increasing expenditure on price support. Throughout the period considered the most harmful support policy from the point of view of market competition was led by Japan though it has affected to a lesser extent the functioning of international agri-food markets due to the lower importance of Japanese agricultural production and exports in the world economy in comparison to the EU and the US.
Cytowanie	Jarosz-Angowska A., Kąkol M. (2016) Comparative Analysis of Support to Agriculture in the QUAD Countries in 1986-2014.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 140-154
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s140.pdf

Autor	Oksana Kiforenko
Tytuł	Agroholdings as the Subjects of the Economy Globalization – the Example of Ukraine
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	agroholdings, globalization, agriculture, production, export, market, grain
Abstrakt
Abstract	The objective of the paper is to define the factors that contribute to the development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine’s economy, to analyze the places Ukraine takes in the world rankings of agricultural production and export and the share of the agricultural and food industry products in the total exports volume of Ukraine, to define the main markets for Ukrainian agricultural products, to identify the role agroholdings play in the functioning of the Ukrainian agricultural sector, to define the main factors that contributed to the emergence and development of the agroholdings in Ukraine and to make the list of the most profitable agroholdings in Ukraine. The following general scientific and specific economic methods were used in the paper: the statistical analysis methods, the method of ratings, the information – computer methods, the critical analysis method, the monographic method, the case study method and the graphical method.
Cytowanie	Kiforenko O. (2016) Agroholdings as the Subjects of the Economy Globalization – the Example of Ukraine.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 169-178
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s169.pdf

Autor	Paweł Kobus
Tytuł	Inequalities in Agricultural Subsidies in European Union
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	agricultural subsidies, Gini coefficient, beta convergence, CAP
Abstrakt
Abstract	The paper constitutes an attempt at comparison of subsidies level in relation to utilised agricultural area, labour force and value of production throughout EU-25 member states in years 2005 – 2013. The main objective of the paper was assessment of the level of inequalities in agricultural subsidies in European Union and evaluation of their potential trends. Using FADN data aggregated at country level the Gini coefficient was calculated for mentioned dimensions of subsidies level. Additionally sigma and beta convergence analysis were carried out for subsidies and productivity levels. The general conclusion from performed analysis was that famers in EU-10N should now perceive the subsidies level throughout EU quite fair in contrast to 2005, it is especially true in case subsidies per utilised agricultural area with drop of Gini coefficient from 0.23 to 0.15, that is by 35%. On the other hand the productivity levels are converging on much slower pace than subsidies level, for both measures of productivity the beta coefficients in convergence analysis where negative but not significant at standard 5% significance level.
Cytowanie	Kobus P. (2016) Inequalities in Agricultural Subsidies in European Union.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 179-187
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s179.pdf

Autor	Dorota Kozioł-Kaczorek
Tytuł	The Livestock Production in Norway
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	livestock production, subsidies, agriculture in Norway
Abstrakt
Abstract	A problem of the Norwegian agricultural policy, a description of the current types of subsidies for livestock farming, financial situation of this holdings and ongoing changes in a livestock production in the years 2000 – 2015 is presented in this paper. The main aim of the publication is to characterize these changes in the considered period. There is not too many publications about the Norwegian agriculture and livestock production. The data from Statistiska Sentralbyrå (Statistics Norway) were used in the analysis. The results indicate the slight changes in the livestock production in Norwegian agriculture i.e. the slight decrease of number of holdings with livestock and generally the slight decrease of population of livestock.
Cytowanie	Kozioł-Kaczorek D. (2016) The Livestock Production in Norway.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 188-195
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s188.pdf

Autor	Bogumiła Mucha-Leszko
Tytuł	Causes and Consequences of Deindustrialization in the Euro Area
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	euro area, deindustrialization, labour productivity, total factor productivity
Abstrakt
Abstract	The post-industrial stage of development reached in developed countries is characterized by an increase in services' share and the progressive decline of the manufacturing share in their economies. The intensification of deindustrialization process heated up the discussion pertaining to its impact on the weakening of investment, technological progress, innovation, and a decline in labour productivity and GDP growth. The aim of the paper is to present the scale and consequences of deindustrialization in the euro area based on analysis of manufacturing and other sectors shares in the gross value added and employment in the euro area. The indicators used for the assessment of deindustrialization consequences are: labour productivity and total factor productivity (TFP) growth rates. As the outcome of conducted analysis, the author has drawn two main conclusions: 1) the decreasing importance of manufacturing limits the possibility of carrying out research projects and creating technological progress, 2) the negative TFP growth rate, declining of labour productivity growth rate in 2008-2015 and the decrease of GDP testifies to the threat of secular stagnation in the euro area.
Cytowanie	Mucha-Leszko B. (2016) Causes and Consequences of Deindustrialization in the Euro Area.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 240-252
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s240.pdf

Autor	Maria Parlińska, Piotr Pomichowski
Tytuł	Evaluation of Human Capital in Selected EU Countries Using Cluster Analysis
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	human capital, cluster analysis, k-medoid method
Abstrakt
Abstract	The study evaluates the quality of human capital on the basis of the Eurostat data. There was also prepared a short bibliography review of the previous research which indicates various definitions of the term human capital. To evaluate its quality in selected EU countries. There was used cluster analysis – the k-medoid method. The analysis was performed for three periods: 2008, 2011 and 2014. The selected states were divided into 4 clusters, and Norway constitute a single-element group. In the other cases, it may be stated that the quality of capital may be determined through the joint economic past or historical traditions.
Cytowanie	Parlińska M., Pomichowski P. (2016) Evaluation of Human Capital in Selected EU Countries Using Cluster Analysis.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 253-259
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s253.pdf

Autor	Krzysztof Anusz, Janusz Bogdan, Joanna Pławińska-Czarnak, Tomasz Podlasiewski, Joanna Zarzyńska
Tytuł	Consumer Safety Awareness – How the Labelling Can Protect Health of Gluten Intolerant People
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	gluten, celiac disease, gluten-free nutrition, gluten-free diet
Abstrakt
Abstract	Recent years have witnessed a growing number of people who are gluten-intolerant and whose diet cannot contain gluten (celiac disease, allergy to gluten and gluten-intolerance). Consequently, the consumers’ interest in non-gluten diet is progressively increasing. Gluten is a mixture of prolamins and glutelins, present in the cereal grains: wheat (gliadin), rye (secalin) and barley (hordein). Wide use of gluten in the food industry results from its positive influence on products’ consistency, taste and moisture preserving. Since the only effective method of gluten-related diseases treatment is a strict gluten-free diet, this study examines the market of the gluten-free carbohydrate products. A growing desire to avoid gluten is changing the whole food industry. The task was to analyze the labelling correctness of selected nutriments suitable for gluten-intolerant people. The analysis was based on the current EU and national regulations. Besides of common EU regulations and directives dedicated to food production sector and food safety, we can find specified law regulating the composition and labelling of foodstuffs suitable for people intolerant to gluten. In total, 100 food products were subjected to the analysis, divided into 5 groups of gluten-free carbohydrate products (flours, groats and rice, pastas, snacks and sweets, breads). Summarizing our research the correct labelling of analysed products was present in all examined groups. 97% of the items were labelled by a text stating they were gluten-free products. Also, the composition of the assortment did not give rise to objections to their gluten-free characteristics. 86% of the analysed gluten-free food was produced from natural free-gluten ingredients, whereas 14% was made of low-gluten wheat ingredients. 78% of the examined items were gluten-free products, bearing both text and graphic labelling as gluten-free products. 63% out of this group were products with the AOECS (Association of European Celiac Societies) certificate for safe gluten-free foodstuff.
Cytowanie	Anusz K., Bogdan J., Pławińska-Czarnak J., Podlasiewski T., Zarzyńska J. (2016) Consumer Safety Awareness – How the Labelling Can Protect Health of Gluten Intolerant People.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 260-271
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s260.pdf

Autor	Grzegorz Ganczewski, Aleksandra Prandota, Krystyna Rejman, Karolina Zabłocka
Tytuł	The Possibility of Food Consumption Improvement by Reducing Food Wastage in the Households in Poland
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	food wastage, food product, consumption, household
Abstrakt
Abstract	The primary challenge of global food system is to provide food for nearly 800 million starving people and the next generations of constantly growing population. One of the solutions to this challenge is to reduce food wastage, which is especially high in the households of developed countries. Considering this fact, the analysis of a questionnaire study among WULS students determines their knowledge and awareness of food waste issues, and most often wasted food products. The study also tests the attitudes of respondents towards food waste and its consequences. Results showed that baker’s good, fruit and vegetables were the most often wasted food while these products are recommended to consume in largest amounts. Respondents wrongly indicated that food service is the food chain sector with the highest food waste in Poland. The reduction of respondent’s disposable income was recognized as the most important effect of food waste. In conclusion, it can be stated that the higher knowledge and awareness of food wastage issues can contribute to reduction of the scale of the problem and improvement of food consumption.
Cytowanie	Ganczewski G., Prandota A., Rejman K., Zabłocka K. (2016) The Possibility of Food Consumption Improvement by Reducing Food Wastage in the Households in Poland.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 281-292
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s281.pdf