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Autor	Ewa Krawczyk
Tytuł	Zastosowanie modelu ryzyka Value at Risk (VaR) opartego na metodzie Monte Carlo do rynku nieruchomości
Title	Using Value at Risk (VaR) Model Based on Monte Carlo Method on Property Market
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Abstract	Value at Risk – the method emerged several years ago that measures potential loss at a given confidence level. The method is undergoing continous improvment, finding new use in financial institutions. Investment briefcase management is inseparably connected with risk mamagement – process succured today with risk models. Presented attempt of enforcing specialized tool for measuring defined risk for separeted risk on property market analysis gives following remarks: 1. In the situation of considerable growth of investition on property market, which is financed mainly from bank infestations, there is need to make out risk models which describes market segment behaviour and let to limit possible loss. The loss caused by overoptimistic predictions and wrong costeffectiveness calculation. 2. Well-known and used at financial market risk models are great tools to connect both segments of market – financial and objective – and for empiric verification including investment projects. 3. VaR model may be used for the needs of defined risk of separeted investment project, which is characterized by indicator of profitability (NP), but obtained results should be treatened with limited confidence
Cytowanie	Krawczyk E. (2006) Zastosowanie modelu ryzyka Value at Risk (VaR) opartego na metodzie Monte Carlo do rynku nieruchomości.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 58: 117-133
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2006_n58_s117.pdf

Autor	Beata Madras-Majewska, Janusz Majewski
Tytuł	Opłacalność i perspektywy produkcji miodu w Polsce
Title	The profitability of and perspectives for honey production in Poland
Słowa kluczowe	miód, pszczelarstwo, opłacalność
Key words	honey, beekeeping, profitability
Abstrakt	Polskie pszczelarstwo ma po załamaniu datującym się od lat 80-ych zeszłego wieku szanse na rozwój dzięki subsydiom z Unii Europejskiej. Jednakże typowe pasieki są zbyt małe, by dochód z nich zapewnił utrzymanie rodzinie pszczelarza. Pszczelarstwem zajmują się w większości osoby starsze, traktując to raczej jako hobby niż źródło dochodu, ale ostatnio średni wiek pszczelarzy się obniża.
Abstract	This article deals with beekeeping, which is a very important element of agriculture. The most important role of bees in the environment is plant pollination. Bee colonies produce honey, propolis, bee’s wax and bee bread. The situation in beekeeping in Poland worsened in the middle of the eighties. The number of apiaries decreased 4 times, whereas the number of bee hives decreased 3 times by the end of the nineties. Almost 60% of apiaries have 20 or less bee colonies. Such apiaries cannot become the base of the beekeeper’s family livelihood. Only beekeepers that have at least 100 colonies and can get income outside the apiary may have income high enough to fully support their families. They also have to sell honeybees’ products directly to customers. Authors’ estimates and calculations prove that Polish bee keeping has a chance to develop in the future. On one hand, Polish beekeepers have a chance to get subsidies from the EU. On the other hand, they also have a possibility to gain profits selling their products.
Cytowanie	Madras-Majewska B., Majewski J. (2006) Opłacalność i perspektywy produkcji miodu w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 15, z. : 58-68
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2006_T15_n_s58.pdf

Autor	Ewa Krawczyk
Tytuł	Zastosowanie metody kowariancji do określenia ryzyka na rynku nieruchomości komercyjnych
Title	Application of Covariance Method for Risk Assessing on the Commercial Real Estate Market
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Abstract	The Value at Risk model allows answering the base question asked by investor. How much money could be lost with given financial resources involved into given project, in fixed time and fixed risk preference The covariance method used to estimate VaR is static model, but analytic manner of computing allows, after essential analysis, to determine value at risk relatively clearly and quickly. Presented attempt of initiating tool to analyzing quantified risk of investment on real estate market, specialized for capital market, gives observations: a) in the situation of significant growth of investments on real estate market, financed mainly by banking institutions, there is necessity to work out risk models for this market segment, allowing to limit excessive losses caused by too optimistic prices and inappropriate calculations of the effectiveness of the investment, b) well known and used risk models for capital market are basics for connection the both market segments - capital and real - and empirical verification, including investing projects, c) VaR model can be used for determining quantified risk of an investing project, characterized by profitability ratio Net Present Value, but received results should be treated with limited confidence.
Cytowanie	Krawczyk E. (2005) Zastosowanie metody kowariancji do określenia ryzyka na rynku nieruchomości komercyjnych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 55: 127-148
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2005_n55_s127.pdf

Autor	Beata Madras-Majewska, Janusz Majewski
Tytuł	Opłacalność produkcji pszczelarskiej w Polsce
Title	The Profitability of Honey Production in Poland
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Abstract	The article treats about bee keeping which is a very important element of agriculture. The most important role of bees in environment is plants pollination. Bee colonies produce honey, propolis, bee wax and bee bred. The situation in bee keeping in Poland was critical in the middle of the eighties. The number of apiaries decreased 4 times whereas the number of bee hives decreased 3 times by the end of the nineties. The biggest problems of Polish bee keeping are small average number of trunks in the apiary as well as beekeepers age. They are usually older people and are keeping bees as a hobby. Almost 60% of apiaries have only 20 bee colonies. Such apiaries cannot become the base of beekeeper family livelihood. Only beekeepers that have at least 1 OO colonies in and out apiary can get income high enough to fully support their families. They also have to sell honeybees' products directly to customers. Based on estimations and calculations authors state that Polish bee keeping has a chance to develop in the future. On one hand Polish beekeepers have a chance to get subsidies from EU as well as from Polish government. On the other hand they also have a possibility to gain profits selling their products.
Cytowanie	Madras-Majewska B., Majewski J. (2004) Opłacalność produkcji pszczelarskiej w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 53: 175-185
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2004_n53_s175.pdf