Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej 2011 (89)

Autor	Mirosław Wasilewski,
Tytuł	Finansowanie rzeczowych aktywów trwałych z budżetu państwa (na przykładzie uczelni publicznych)
Title	Financing of fi xed assets from the state treasury (exemplifi ed by public institutions of higher education)
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Abstract	The aim of this paper is to find out determinants and options for purchasing fixed assets in state-operated institutions of higher education financed by the State Treasury. Based on applicable law that regulates the possibility of State Treasury’s financing of purchase or unaided production of fixed assets in public institutions of higher education, a detailed analysis was performed. An examination of the currently valid method and a procedure of fixed assets financing revealed difficulties encountered by institutions of higher education in the course of investments financed with State Treasury funds. Applicable statutory regulations concernig the limitation of financing of fixed assets with a subsidy specifically designated for the purchase or production of fixed assets contain significant complications, thus restricting operations and development of institutions of higher education. Values provided in taxation law, allowing for one-off depreciation or introducing limits for one-off depreciation are applicable to certain values, different groups of fixed assets and different businesses (that pay income tax). An institution of higher education is not a payer of income tax and as such it makes use of balance sheet regulations only (based on accounting policy), and it does not make use of tax policy. Tax reliefs do not impact on effectiveness of management of resources of an institution of higher education, and recording of one-off depreciation of fixed assets with a final value below an amount allowed for such depreciation results in the deformaion of financial result and economic/financial image of such an institution.
Cytowanie	Wasilewski M. (2011) Finansowanie rzeczowych aktywów trwałych z budżetu państwa (na przykładzie uczelni publicznych).Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 89: 5-16
Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2011_n89_s5.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/EIOGZ.2011.89.34

Autor	Magdalena Mądra,
Tytuł	Źródła finansowania a strumienie przepływów pieniężnych w towarowych gospodarstwach rolniczych
Title	Cash flow management vs. external capital sources of financing in agriculture holdings farms
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Abstract	The elaboration presents the debt level in relation to cash flow management in agriculture farms. The article deals also with statistical correlation between the level of liabilities in equity and cash flow indicators. The presented research was surveyed in years 2004–2007, in Mazowsze and Podlasie region. Farms have been characterized by criterion of an agriculture type and an economic power (ESU) according to acknowledged classification of PL-FADN. The operational cash flow surplus index was the highest in farms which did not posses any debt, however this ratio recorded decreasing level in group with the highest participation of liabilities in total assets. This relation explained the attitude of conservative farmers to the debt capital engagement. According to Spearman correlation index farmers minimized the debt participation in their assets in relation to an increasing level of operational cash balance.
Cytowanie	Mądra M. (2011) Źródła finansowania a strumienie przepływów pieniężnych w towarowych gospodarstwach rolniczych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 89: 17-36
Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2011_n89_s17.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/EIOGZ.2011.89.35

Autor	Izabela Lewandowska,
Tytuł	Dopłaty do kapitału źródłem finansowania działalności rozwojowej w spółkach hodowlanych ANR
Title	Subsidies for capital as a source of founding development activities in breeding companies run by APA
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Abstract	This article describes subsidies for capital as a source of founding development activities in breeding companies. Farm crop and livestock companies, that have particular importance to the national economy, which rights of shares or stocks are performed by the Agricultural Property Agency, received financial support of 293,2 milion PLN in years 2001–2007. The subsidies for capital have been allocated to finance investment, acquisition of biological and breeding material, research and implementation projects and cover balance losses. The investment program taken in companies led to the upgrading of the material – technical base of breeding and created opportunities for strategic farms to become companies guaranteeing high efficiency in farming and production on elevated economic and financial level48
Cytowanie	Lewandowska I. (2011) Dopłaty do kapitału źródłem finansowania działalności rozwojowej w spółkach hodowlanych ANR.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 89: 37-48
Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2011_n89_s37.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/EIOGZ.2011.89.36

Autor	Mirosław Wasilewski,
Tytuł	Wartość i zużycie środków trwałych w ujęciu sektorowym
Title	The value and consumption of tangible fi xed assets by sectors
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Abstract	The paper presents the value and consumption of tangible fixed assets in their various level of consumption and gross investment. It was found that among the analyzed groups of industries there are significant differences in the potential for permanent. The highest value of net assets was characterized by “industry”, while the largest increase in value of fixed assets recorded trade “building” This section also had the lowest level of consumption of resources. The highest level of consumption of fixed capital concern the “agriculture, hunting and forestry”. The highest value of investment in fixed assets recorded trade “industrial”, but the only section that recorded a decline in investment in fixed assets was the sector “agriculture, hunting and forestry”.
Cytowanie	Wasilewski M. (2011) Wartość i zużycie środków trwałych w ujęciu sektorowym.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 89: 49-60
Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2011_n89_s49.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/EIOGZ.2011.89.37

Autor	Daniela Zabielska,
Tytuł	Uwarunkowania zasad funkcjonowania podatku VAT w gospodarstwach rolnych
Title	Conditioning of the operation of the VAT rules in agricultural
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Abstract	In the paper methods of accounting for VAT were presented and compared between flatclears farmers and farmers – payers of VAT in general principles. For example, the selected farms was showed measurable financial benefits when the farmer has been giving up the flat-rate VAT system. It was presented the views of 50 farmers from the Podlaskie voivodship about experiences with the transition to pay VAT in general principles. The results of research which shows that the main cause of change in accounting, particularly for farmers investing in fixed assets (machinery and buildings), there are high returns on the excess input tax due, taxpayers may have to spend on further development of his farm. It also showed that farmers’ knowledge on the economic benefits of altering the status of flat clearers farmer to farmer who pay VAT in general principles is more available and farmers are increasingly inclined to opt for such a solution. Farmers keeping VAT accounts and records often rely entities possessing the necessary expertise in tax matters.
Cytowanie	Zabielska D. (2011) Uwarunkowania zasad funkcjonowania podatku VAT w gospodarstwach rolnych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 89: 61-74
Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2011_n89_s61.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/EIOGZ.2011.89.38

Autor	Magdalena Forfa,
Tytuł	Podatek rolny a rozwój gospodarstw rolnych
Title	Agricultural tax and the development of farms
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Abstract	The study presents the construction of agricultural tax is anachronistic. Moreover the article presents it was not achieved the objectives of the reform of 1984. The construction of agricultural tax reduces the role of fiscal functions. Agricultural tax in relation to the revenues achieved from the farms, is much lower. The revenues of community for agricultural tax are at a very low level. It is lack of factors in the structure of agricultural tax that affect to increase the surface area of farms. Flow of workers from agriculture to other sectors of the economy is blocked not only by the taxation system, but also by an insurance scheme.
Cytowanie	Forfa M. (2011) Podatek rolny a rozwój gospodarstw rolnych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 89: 75-82
Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2011_n89_s75.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/EIOGZ.2011.89.39

Autor	Monika Sidor,
Tytuł	Rynek kredytowy w Polsce w warunkach integracji europejskich rynków
Title	Credit market in Poland in terms of European financial markets integretion
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Abstract	The aim of elaboration is a presentation of credit market in Poland in an aspect of its activity on European financial market. Brokerage and counseling credit trade in Poland, in terms of European integration of financial markets, is situated in a phase determined by quick development of its performance. Mortgages credits are one of the fastest developing segments in polish credit market. The competition in this area is still tightening, what leads to decreasing prices of a credit and liberalization of the procedure of applying for a credit.
Cytowanie	Sidor M. (2011) Rynek kredytowy w Polsce w warunkach integracji europejskich rynków.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 89: 83-96
Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2011_n89_s83.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/EIOGZ.2011.89.40

Autor	Tomasz Felczak,
Tytuł	Kosztochłonność i rentowność gospodarstw indywidualnych w zależności od typu rolniczego
Title	Operational effi ciency and profi tability of individual agricultural farms, depending on the type of production
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Abstract	The paper presents the level of loading the different categories of agricultural production costs and profitability on farms, depending on type of farming. The study was conducted on private farms in the region “Mazowsze I Podlasie”. The research period covers the years 2004 to 2008. The variety of types of agricultural production contributed to a high level of cost charge. The reason is the low scale of production, limiting the optimization of various groups of costs and lack of modern agricultural machinery and equipment. Types of farming on a larger agricultural area were characterized by higher depreciation costs. The highest share of direct costs in total costs of the farm was characterized by intensive agricultural production.
Cytowanie	Felczak T. (2011) Kosztochłonność i rentowność gospodarstw indywidualnych w zależności od typu rolniczego.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 89: 97-108
Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2011_n89_s97.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/EIOGZ.2011.89.41

Autor	Ewa Wasilewska,
Tytuł	Model szybkiego testu płynności finansowej
Title	Quick financial liquidity test model
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Abstract	The elaboration presents conception of quick financial liquidity test model. The results of a research bring forward to a conclusion that between level of a quick liquidity ratio and difference of receivables and liabilities cycle ratio appeared in a positive correlation, which could be ascertained as a quite strong relation. The research reflects that the level of quick financial liquidity ratio greatly depends on receivables and liabilities management policy. The estimated model was a base for a statement that changes in difference between turnover cycle ratios – for instance one day, caused a 0,0082 change in level of a quick liquidity ratio pattern.
Cytowanie	Wasilewska E. (2011) Model szybkiego testu płynności finansowej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 89: 109-122
Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2011_n89_s109.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/EIOGZ.2011.89.42

Autor	Maria Konopka,
Tytuł	Analiza porównawcza rozwoju wybranych banków komercyjnych w latach 2001–2009
Title	Comparative analysis of the development of selected commercial banks in the years 2001–2009
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Abstract	Throughout the last decade, Bank Pekao S.A., ING Bank Śląski, Bank Zachodni WBK, Bank Millenium and BPH S.A were among those with the highest consolidation activity. Above-listed banks ranked in the top ten in terms of their assets and market capitalization in 2009. The work presents comparative study of development for those commercial banks. The analysis was conducted employing the sustainable development synthetic mesure, relative development rate index and Ward’s metod. Comparative study of development revealed how volatile the development process was with the Bank BPH S.A. showing the most fluctiuations in the process. In 2003 the bank ranked as the best while in 2008–2009 it was classified as the weakest. The study using the relative development index asserted the high ranking of Bank Pekao S.A. when compared to others. The analysis with Ward’s method proved that throughout 2001–2006 the distance among banks with respect to the selected characteristics was becoming less pronounced
Cytowanie	Konopka M. (2011) Analiza porównawcza rozwoju wybranych banków komercyjnych w latach 2001–2009.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 89: 123-136
Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2011_n89_s123.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/EIOGZ.2011.89.43

Autor	Michał Soliwoda,
Tytuł	Koncepcja „Beyond Budgeting” – perspektywy wykorzystania do zarządzania przedsiębiorstwami branży spożywczej
Title	„Beyond Budgeting” – the possibilities of using in business management in the food industry
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Abstract	In the article the usefulness of the concept “Beyond Budgeting” in decisionmaking process as for business management was presented. The possibilities of using of this concept by food industry enterprises was assessed. In today’s economic environment the traditional budgetary does not meet the expectations of managers. “Beyond Budgeting” involves radical changes in the management system, including a fl exible organization. The possibilities of using new concept in the food industry enterprises are limited due to the traditional understanding of the budget in the organizational culture. In the future large food industry companies may abandon the traditional budgeting, but the process of implementing “Beyond Budgeting” will be evolutionary and will take several steps (among others “zero-based” budgeting, rolling budgeting).
Cytowanie	Soliwoda M. (2011) Koncepcja „Beyond Budgeting” – perspektywy wykorzystania do zarządzania przedsiębiorstwami branży spożywczej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 89: 137-148
Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2011_n89_s137.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/EIOGZ.2011.89.44

Autor	Danuta Zawadzka,
Tytuł	Regionalne ujęcie terminów wzajemnych rozliczeń przedsiębiorstw w Europie – analiza porównawcza
Title	Problems of payment terms between companies which are arise from trade credit
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Abstract	The paper concentrates on the problems of payment terms between companies which are arise from trade credit. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the regional diversity of B2B payment terms in Europe. Research were done on the basis of the Intrum Justitia data analysis in years 2003–2010. The author put the thesis that the regions of Europe determine the specifi city in payment terms and payment risk. The empirical verifi cation is done on the basis of the analysis of: the B2B payment terms in Europe, the late payments in Europe and lost payments in European countries. The last part includes conclusions
Cytowanie	Zawadzka D. (2011) Regionalne ujęcie terminów wzajemnych rozliczeń przedsiębiorstw w Europie – analiza porównawcza.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 89: 149-162
Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2011_n89_s149.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/EIOGZ.2011.89.45

Autor	Bartłomiej Dąbrowski,
Tytuł	Zastosowanie modeli dyskryminacyjnych do prognozowania upadłości spółek giełdowych indeksu WIG-Spożywczy
Title	Using discriminant analysis models for insolvency predictions on a case of stock market index WIG- -Spożywczy companies
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Abstract	The main goal of this paper was to research chosen enterprises insolvency risk using discriminant analysis models. In this article characteristic and results of four chosen discriminant models were presented. Calculations were conducted on a case of following stock market index WIG-Spożywczy companies: Ambra, PKM Duda, Elstar Oils, Graal, Indykpol, Jutrzenka, Pepees, Wawel i Wilbo. It is worth emphasizing that different models give signifi cant discrepancies.
Cytowanie	Dąbrowski B. (2011) Zastosowanie modeli dyskryminacyjnych do prognozowania upadłości spółek giełdowych indeksu WIG-Spożywczy.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 89: 163-174
Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2011_n89_s163.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/EIOGZ.2011.89.46

Autor	Aldona Mrówczyńska-Kamińska,
Tytuł	Analiza finansowa w jednostkach samorządu terytorialnego na przykładzie Miasta i Gminy Środa Wlkp
Title	Financial analysis in local government units according to Środa Wlkp. City and district
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Abstract	The aim of an article is a presentation of analysis of a city and a district of Środa Wlkp financial situation, as a local government unit. The local unit analysis concerns on budget data as a base for a rational use of possessed sources. It is especially important for local government unit performance because of strengthen demand for increasing effectiveness in relation to fulfilling needs of a local community and to develop local government unit performance. The budget should be treated as a standard act, as well as a instrument of an effective and rational financial management in local government units. The effective style of management in local unit, especially in finance sphere, should concern on a rational usage of the most suitable methods like financial analysis mainly.
Cytowanie	Mrówczyńska-Kamińska A. (2011) Analiza finansowa w jednostkach samorządu terytorialnego na przykładzie Miasta i Gminy Środa Wlkp.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 89: 175-186
Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2011_n89_s175.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/EIOGZ.2011.89.47

Autor	Ireneusz Skłodowski,
Tytuł	Opodatkowanie a rentowność branży niskiego hazardu
Title	Taxation and the low profi tability of the gambling industry
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Abstract	The article defines the profitability of low gambling. Setting the tax on gambling at the level of 2000 zł will cause lowering of the profitability of low gambling. Remaining profitability is possible at the tax on gambling lower than 1900 zł. The optimal tax rate should be set at 1500 zł. It would allow to gain the budget profit of 590 mln zł.
Cytowanie	Skłodowski I. (2011) Opodatkowanie a rentowność branży niskiego hazardu.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 89: 187-196
Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2011_n89_s187.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/EIOGZ.2011.89.48

Autor	Maria Konopka,
Tytuł	Ocena procesów konsolidacji w polskim systemie bankowym z perspektywy klientów banku
Title	Rating of consolidation within the Polish banking sector through the eyes of the bank customer
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Abstract	The article discusses the results of questionnaires administered to 153 respondents from April to June 2010. The purpose of the survey was to gain insight into customer rating of the consolidation processes in the Polish banking industry. Compiled results indicate substantial variance in customer opinions regarding those processes, with multiple pros and cons pointed out. According to the queried customers consolidation objectives were attained mainly through the increase in banking capital, concentration and competitiveness. With regard to the consolidation outcomes respondents rated positively enhanced range of services, better competitiveness and the presence on the internet. Negative consequences were attributed to personnel changes, increased service fees and lack of trust towards foreign investments. Bank customers who took part in the study were of the opinion that the participation of foreign investors had not produced increased stabilization within the Polish banking system.
Cytowanie	Konopka M. (2011) Ocena procesów konsolidacji w polskim systemie bankowym z perspektywy klientów banku.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 89: 197-206
Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2011_n89_s197.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/EIOGZ.2011.89.49

Autor	Marzena Ganc,
Tytuł	Sprawiedliwość opodatkowania rolnictwa oraz możliwości zmian w tym zakresie w opinii rolników indywidualnych
Title	Fairness of taxation of agriculture and the possibility of changes in this regard in the opinion of farmers
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Abstract	The purpose of the article was to determine the opinion of individual farmers in the field of justice tax system previously used in agriculture and the introduction of income tax. In the opinion of the respondents of farming conditions in Poland are much less favorable than in the EU-15, which justifies the preferential treatment of agriculture in terms of tax in relation to other branches of farm. In addition, farmers are willing to accept the introduction of income tax provided that the taxable income would be valued less labor costs and their own preferred system would work incentives and exemptions in this regard.
Cytowanie	Ganc M. (2011) Sprawiedliwość opodatkowania rolnictwa oraz możliwości zmian w tym zakresie w opinii rolników indywidualnych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 89: 207-218
Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2011_n89_s207.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/EIOGZ.2011.89.50

Autor	Sławomir Juszczyk,
Tytuł	Kredytowanie sektora małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Polsce
Title	Credit sector of small and medium-sized enterprises in Poland
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Abstract	Competitive environment requairered that the micro, small and medium-sized companies need financial means for investment in new product introductions, technology and organizational solutions. These costs are mainly financed from its own resources. Dominant form of external financing is bank credit. The results of reaserches showed a low level of use of bank credit among SMEs. Mostly, 81.6% of these enterises did not use bank loans. This is due to the high cost in the evaluation of credit and high collateral requirements. It is important that entrepreneurs have aversion to the risks associated with external sources of funding
Cytowanie	Juszczyk S. (2011) Kredytowanie sektora małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 89: 219-228
Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2011_n89_s219.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/EIOGZ.2011.89.51