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Autor	Monika Wojcieszak
Tytuł	WELFARE FARMS IN POLAND AS AN EXAMPLE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIES IN RURAL AREAS
Title
Słowa kluczowe	welfare farms, rural areas, agri-tourism
Key words
Abstrakt	The purpose of the paper was to present the importance of welfare farms in Poland as a social element of mutual relations, connections and co-operation in local and regional development. The concept of welfare farms is characterised in the study and the main idea of their formation is presented. Examples of welfare farms in Poland as part of the first pilot project known as ‘Zielona opieka – gospodarstwa opiekuńcze w woj. kujawsko-pomorskim’ (Green care: welfare farms in the Kujawsko-Pomorskie voivodeship) have also been presented. It was also pointed out that social farming plays an increasingly important role in the contemporary development of rural areas. The paper was compiled using the desk research method and a classical analysis of documents was used. The choice of methods was determined by the availability of source materials, some of which were of primary or secondary nature (social farming literature, reports and public statistic documents). This paper also pointed to the fact that welfare farms are increasingly becoming a popular form of social service in rural areas. It also testifies to the entrepreneurship of farmers, because they offer not only accommodation and catering, but also care on their farms.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Wojcieszak M.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s161.pdf

Autor	Justyna Herda-Kopańska
Tytuł	Pomiar mnożnika w rozwoju rolnictwa
Title	Measurement of the Multiplier in the Development of Agriculture
Słowa kluczowe	pomiar mnożnika, macierz rachunkowości społecznej, model input-output, rozwój rolnictwa
Key words	measurement of the multiplier, Social Accounting Matrix, input-output model, development of agriculture
Abstrakt	Celem artykułu było zaprezentowanie przeglądu badań na temat pomiaru mnożnika w rozwoju rolnictwa. Na początku, na podstawie literatury przedmiotu, przedstawiono kilka wybranych wyników analiz oraz wnioski, jakie z nich wypływają. Następnie szerzej omówiono dwie metody. Pierwsza z nich to macierz rachunkowości społecznej (SAM), dzięki której można obliczyć wartości mnożników dla poszczególnych krajów. Natomiast druga omówiona metoda to model input-output (przepływów międzygałęziowych), do której zalicza się model IMPLAN. Metoda ta pozwala oszacować regionalne tabele przepływów międzygałęziowych, obliczyć mnożniki oraz dokonać analizy wpływu przemysłu. Zaprezentowane wyniki badań pozwalają stwierdzić, że w gospodarkach mniejszych, które są bardziej otwarte, wielkość mnożnika jest niższa niż w gospodarkach większych. Można również zauważyć, że wśród badaczy nie ma zgodności co do wielkości mnożników.
Abstract	The aim of this article was to present a review of research on measuring the multiplier in agricultural development. Firstly, based on the literature of the subject, several selected results of the analyses and the conclusions that emerge from this research are presented. Two methods are further discussed. The first is a social accounting matrix (SAM), which enables calculating the value of multipliers for each country. The second method discussed is the input-output model, which includes the IMPLAN model. This method allows estimating regional input-output tables, calculating multipliers, and analysing the impact of industry. The presented results indicate that in smaller and more open economies the value of the multiplier is lower than in larger economies. It can also be noted that among researchers there is no agreement concerning the size of the multiplier.
Cytowanie	Herda-Kopańska J. (2018) Pomiar mnożnika w rozwoju rolnictwa.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 18(33), z. 1: 48-57
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2018_T18(33)_n1_s48.pdf

Autor	Agnieszka Komor
Tytuł	PRIORITY DIRECTIONS OF EXPENDITURE IN THE OPINION OF RESIDENTS OF SELECTED RURAL COMMUNES OF THE LUBELSKIE VOIVODESHIP
Title
Słowa kluczowe	local development, rural areas, local development policy, resident needs, investment needs
Key words
Abstrakt	One of the main objectives of both local and regional development is to increase the level of satisfaction of the needs and preferences of residents, which implies an increase in the quality of life in a particular area. Therefore, it is important to define strategic directions and priorities of activities which are of key importance from the point of view of satisfying the needs of the communes’ residents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify and analyse priority directions of expenditure in selected rural communes of the Lubelskie voivodeship in the opinion of their residents, as compared with urban and urban-rural communes. In order to achieve the research objective, a survey was conducted among the residents of selected communes of the Lubelskie voivodeship. The survey showed that according to respondents from rural communes, the priority directions of expenditure included roads and pavements with street lighting, healthcare, tourism, recreational and sports infrastructure, as well as support for the development of investment areas. Investment needs related to social infrastructure, social welfare and pro-environmental activities were also of relative importance. Respondents from rural communes more often indicated the majority of the above investment needs than respondents from urban-rural and urban communes (except for recreational infrastructure and pro-environmental measures, tourist trails in urban-rural communes and sports and healthcare infrastructure in urban communes).
Abstract
Cytowanie	Komor A.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n1_s383.pdf

Autor	Raqif Huseynov, Harshavardhan Kummitha, Michał Wojtaszek
Tytuł	Development of Agritourism in the Light of Economics: Case Studies of Italy and Poland
Title	Development of Agritourism in the Light of Economics: Case Studies of Italy and Poland
Słowa kluczowe	agritourism, local communities, economic benefits, Poland, Italy
Key words	agritourism, local communities, economic benefits, Poland, Italy
Abstrakt	Recreational activities pertaining to farmlands are receiving increased attention from both research and practice. One of the major reasons for this heightened importance attributed to farmland tourism is due partly to its potential to advance the local economy and to the benefits it brings for farmers and visitors. Thus, analyzing the role of agritourism in advancing socio-economic prosperity is of pivotal importance. With this background, the paper discusses the economic benefits of agritourism. The results reported in the paper are related to organizations located in Poland and Italy. Agritourism can bring several economic benefits in the countries and regions. What is interesting, the average income from agritourism is about one-third of the overall household income of farmers. Moreover, food service is a crucial factor in the success of agritourism as it brings extra money to farmers. It shows the importance of the relationship between the income obtained from agritourism activities and the benefits local communities gain by engaging in multiple tourism promotion activities.
Abstract	Recreational activities pertaining to farmlands are receiving increased attention from both research and practice. One of the major reasons for this heightened importance attributed to farmland tourism is due partly to its potential to advance the local economy and to the benefits it brings for farmers and visitors. Thus, analyzing the role of agritourism in advancing socio-economic prosperity is of pivotal importance. With this background, the paper discusses the economic benefits of agritourism. The results reported in the paper are related to organizations located in Poland and Italy. Agritourism can bring several economic benefits in the countries and regions. What is interesting, the average income from agritourism is about one-third of the overall household income of farmers. Moreover, food service is a crucial factor in the success of agritourism as it brings extra money to farmers. It shows the importance of the relationship between the income obtained from agritourism activities and the benefits local communities gain by engaging in multiple tourism promotion activities.
Cytowanie	Huseynov R., Kummitha H., Wojtaszek M. (2018) Development of Agritourism in the Light of Economics: Case Studies of Italy and Poland.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 18(33), z. 1: 143-148
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2018_T18(33)_n1_s143.pdf

Autor	Zoltan Gal, Raqif Huseynov, Devesh Singh, Michał Wojtaszek
Tytuł	Determining the Performance Measurement of SME from Economic Value Added: Study on Hungary, Somogy County
Title	Determining the Performance Measurement of SME from Economic Value Added: Study on Hungary, Somogy County
Słowa kluczowe	Economic value added, small and medium-sized enterprises SMEs, performance measurement, Hungary, Somogy County
Key words	Economic value added, small and medium-sized enterprises SMEs, performance measurement, Hungary, Somogy County
Abstrakt	EVA (Economic Value Added) permits commercial businesses to figure out whether the business is operating in profit and the money can be put into effect into a more profitable source. A leading EVA is a sign that the company has a greater value. The goal of this study is to identify if SMEs' actions carried out on a daily basis are able to generate economic value added for their business. The study is based on a comparative study between Hungary and 28 EU countries. The study is carried out in Hungary’s region of Somogy county. First, the variables for research were created and research was carried out at ground level. The research used the Expletory Factor analysis method to find EVA determinants. The results showed that determinants work together to reshape the regional industrial growth. The research demonstrated that finance and sluggish production are the major determinants in Somogy county. Entrepreneurs' skills and finance have the major impact, which means that to achieve a high growth in SMEs, policy makers have to solve these two problems and make the policy concentric toward finance and high skill development problem.
Abstract	EVA (Economic Value Added) permits commercial businesses to figure out whether the business is operating in profit and the money can be put into effect into a more profitable source. A leading EVA is a sign that the company has a greater value. The goal of this study is to identify if SMEs' actions carried out on a daily basis are able to generate economic value added for their business. The study is based on a comparative study between Hungary and 28 EU countries. The study is carried out in Hungary’s region of Somogy county. First, the variables for research were created and research was carried out at ground level. The research used the Expletory Factor analysis method to find EVA determinants. The results showed that determinants work together to reshape the regional industrial growth. The research demonstrated that finance and sluggish production are the major determinants in Somogy county. Entrepreneurs' skills and finance have the major impact, which means that to achieve a high growth in SMEs, policy makers have to solve these two problems and make the policy concentric toward finance and high skill development problem.
Cytowanie	Gal Z., Huseynov R., Singh D., Wojtaszek M. (2018) Determining the Performance Measurement of SME from Economic Value Added: Study on Hungary, Somogy County.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 18(33), z. 2: 270-279
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2018_T18(33)_n2_s270.pdf

Autor	Jakub Piecuch, Joanna Szarek
Tytuł	Konkurencyjność gospodarki województwa małopolskiego a rozwój ekosystemu startupowego
Title	Competitiveness of the Economy of the Małopolska Region and the Development of the Startup Ecosystem
Słowa kluczowe	konkurencyjność, innowacyjność, startup, ekosystem startupowy
Key words	competitiveness, innovation, startup, startup ecosystem
Abstrakt	W XXI wieku konkurencyjna gospodarka regionu jest gospodarką opartą na wiedzy i nowych technologiach. Przedsiębiorstwa typu startup wraz z ekosystemem startupowym stały się wyznacznikiem innowacyjności regionu. Artykuł ma na celu ukazanie zależności pomiędzy rozwojem krakowskiego środowiska startupowego a wzrostem konkurencyjności województwa małopolskiego. Za podstawowe czynniki oddziałujące na konkurencyjność Małopolski uznano liczbę udzielonych patentów na wynalazki krajowe przez Urząd Patentowy RP, dynamikę zatrudnienia w B+R, nakłady inwestycyjne na B+R, liczbę przedsiębiorstw z kapitałem zagranicznym oraz PKB per capita w cenach bieżących. Po przeprowadzonej analizie korelacji wykazano, że najsilniejsze zależności zachodzą pomiędzy PKB per capita w cenach bieżących a liczbą przedsiębiorstw z kapitałem zagranicznym oraz nakładami inwestycyjnymi na B+R. Główny ośrodek miejski, jakim jest w analizowanym obszarze Kraków, stał się magnesem skupiającym wokół siebie osoby zakładające startupy, budujące innowacyjną gospodarkę oraz całe zaplecze biznesowe. Krakowski ekosystem startupowy ma pozytywny wpływ na konkurencyjność regionu małopolskiego z uwagi na gromadzenie wysoko wykwalifikowanego kapitału społecznego, krajowych i zagranicznych inwestorów, fundacji i instytucji wspierających pomysłodawców w zmaterializowaniu idei, działalności instytucji i administracji publicznej w kierunku współpracy z obszarem nauki i biznesu.
Abstract	In the 21st century, a region's competitive economy is an economy based on knowledge and new technologies. Startups with the startup ecosystem have become a determinant of a region's innovation. The article aims to show the dependence between the development of the Krakow startup environment and the increase in the competitiveness of the Malopolska region. The number of patents granted for national inventions by the Patent Office of the Republic of Poland, the dynamics of employment in R&D, capital expenditures on R&D, the number of enterprises with foreign capital and GDP per capita in current prices were considered the basic factors affecting the competitiveness of Malopolska. After the analysis of the correlation, it was shown that the strongest relationships occur between GDP per capita in current prices and the number of enterprises with foreign capital and investment outlays for R&D. The main city center, which is in the analyzed area of Krakow, has become a magnet for gathering people, creating startups, building an innovative economy and all business facilities. The Krakow startup ecosystem has a positive impact on the competitiveness of the Malopolska region due to the accumulation of highly qualified social capital, domestic and foreign investors, foundations and institutions supporting originators in materializing the idea, activities of institutions and public administration towards cooperation with the science and business area.
Cytowanie	Piecuch J., Szarek J. (2018) Konkurencyjność gospodarki województwa małopolskiego a rozwój ekosystemu startupowego.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 18(33), z. 1: 183-193
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2018_T18(33)_n1_s183.pdf

Autor	Kateryna Voloshchuk, Yuliia Voloshchuk, Vitaliy Voloshchuk
Tytuł	INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE
Title
Słowa kluczowe	innovation, innovative development, strategy, digital economy
Key words
Abstrakt	It is determined that in economic science there is no single approach to the interpretation of the concept of ‘innovation’. It is suggested that taking into account the radical changes that are in the world economy today it is necessary to use the extended concept of innovation, which should be understood as the results of the development transformation, research, ideas and their combination into a radically new or improved technological, economic, social solution, the results of which can be applied in practice. The main indicators that determine the level of innovation development of a country or region and provide an opportunity to determine the impact on economic development are covered. The place of Ukraine in such ratings according to indicators of innovative development in 2017, 2018 and problems that cause their low level are defined. The improvement directions of the innovative development level of the country are defined and the real steps taken by the government of the country to correct the negative trends through the introduction of digital transformation of the country’s economy, the transition from raw material to high-tech production and the basis of innovative IT technologies and communications are shown.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Voloshchuk K., Voloshchuk Y., Voloshchuk V.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n1_s62.pdf

Autor	Grzegorz Kunikowski
Tytuł	LOW-CARBON ECONOMY PLANNING IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR
Title
Słowa kluczowe	general regional economics, alternative energy sources, government policy
Key words
Abstrakt	The article presents the results of analysis of low carbon economy planning in public administration, as well as technological and non-technological solutions present in Poland and the EU. The review of documentation, being a formal basis for dealing with problems by public administration and local authorities, and the analysis of sample programmes and plan indicate that the main determinant of low carbon economy development in Poland is the state of the natural environment, particularly air quality and availability of financial support for investments, which is dependent on the possession of specific planning documents. Technological solutions are economically verified as network parity, which indicates the importance of organizational, fiscal and financial solutions.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Kunikowski G.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n1_s103.pdf

Autor	Romana Głowicka-Wołoszyn, Teresa Oliveira, Joanna Stanisławska, Andrzej Wołoszyn
Tytuł	REGIONAL DISPARITIES OF INCOME SITUATION AMONG RURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE COHESION POLICY IN POLAND
Title
Słowa kluczowe	household income, household affluence, income inequality, rural households
Key words
Abstrakt	The aim of the study was to assess regional income disparities among rural households in Poland in 2005, 2010 and 2015. Simultaneous analysis of changes in affluence and its inequality allowed for a deeper look at the convergence processes in the context of the cohesion policy. The research drew on microdata from the Household Budget Surveys conducted by the Central Statistical Office (GUS). Household income situation or its affluence was proxied by total expenditure. Between 2005 and 2015, despite rising affluence and falling overall inequality, the divergence processes were found to prevail.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Głowicka-Wołoszyn R., Oliveira T., Stanisławska J., Wołoszyn A.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n1_s194.pdf

Autor	Mieczyslaw Adamowicz
Tytuł	EUROPEAN FUNDS FOR RURAL AREAS VERSUS REGIONAL CONVERGENCE OF AGRICULTURE IN POLAND
Title
Słowa kluczowe	convergence, rural areas, European Funds
Key words
Abstrakt	The objective of the work is the assessment of the phenomenon of convergence of agriculture in the provinces/ voivodeship (NUTS 2) in Poland in the years 2003–2014 in relation to the use of European funds designated for development of agriculture and rural areas. The study specified dimensions of support under the European Funds granted for agriculture and rural areas in individual regions, which were compared to the size of gross added value of agriculture, forestry, hunting and fishery. Within the analysis, data of the Agency for the Restructuring and Modernisation of Agriculture as well as The Local Data Bank of Central Statistical Office were used. Data regarding productivity of agriculture and other rural sectors in the regions as well as data on the used resources from the European funds were availed of in the assessment of the correlation between these expectations and the phenomena of sigma-convergence and beta-convergence in the regional system. The conducted analysis confirmed the occurrence of a phenomenon of convergence in the tested scope.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Adamowicz M.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n1_s212.pdf

Autor	Ilir Kapaj, Maksim Meco, Ilir Tomorri
Tytuł	THE FARM TYPOLOGIES AND ITS PERFORMANCE IN ALBANIA (CASE OF ELBASAN)
Title
Słowa kluczowe	Elbasani region, farm typology, farm performance
Key words
Abstrakt	The aim of this paper is to determine the farm typology in Elbasan region and orient policy maker’s agriculture support scheme. Albania is divided into 12 regions and 61 municipality. Region of Elbasan is one of the intermediate ones4 and consists of 4 districts (district of Elbasan, Gramsh, Librazhd and Peqin). Elbasan ranked third by the availability of agricultural land in the country after Fier and Korca (72,872 ha or 10.4% of the agricultural land area at country level). Despite the size of the agricultural land area, it should be considered that a good part of it lies in hilly and mountainous part especially in Librazhd and Gramsh districts. Besides construction and development services, there is observed a growing trend of agricultural activity especially in terms of olive and vegetables cultivation in open field and greenhouses. In this region operate about 32,439 farms. The average farm family size is 4.9 persons, while the national average farm size is 4.5 persons (MAFCP, 2012). The farm typology was determined using nine indicators. Based on these indicators are identified the following type of cluster/typology for Elbasani district: poly-culture for market; livestock; leisure farms; fruit trees; arable crop farm; self-sufficiency. The farm performance was determined using factors productivity which reveals that farms that belong to the poly-culture for market, livestock and self-sufficient clusters are performing better than other clusters.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Kapaj I., Meco M., Tomorri I.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s59.pdf

Autor	Zuzanna Szymaniuk
Tytuł	THE PHENOMENON OF LAND ABANDONMENT IN THE OPINIONS OF AGRICULTURAL ADVISERS (EXAMPLE OF PODLASKIE VOIVODESHIP)
Title
Słowa kluczowe	land abandonment, land use, agriculture, Podlaskie Voivodeship
Key words
Abstrakt	The phenomenon of abandoning agricultural land is the same as discontinuing the agricultural use of certain agricultural land, the causes of which should be sought in environmental, economic and social factors. In the Podlaskie Voivodeship, agriculture plays a key role in economic life due to the significant number of lands classified as agricultural and century-old tradition of agriculture. The research assessed the existence of threats that could cause the problem of abandonment of agricultural land in the region and indicated the complexity of the land abandonment phenomenon. The study is based on opinions of advisers from the regional Agricultural Extension Service Centre. The results indicated that the process of ceasing to use agricultural land is the result of many factors that mutually influence and strengthen each other.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Szymaniuk Z.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s95.pdf

Autor	Aneta Becker, Jarosław Becker
Tytuł	REGIONAL DIFFERENTIATION OF POLAND IN TERMS OF THE DEGREE OF DIGITAL EXCLUSION OF HOUSEHOLDS IN 2017
Title
Słowa kluczowe	ICT, digital divide, households, ELECTRE TRI
Key words
Abstrakt	Nowadays, the digital economy plays a significant role in economic life. It is determined by the intensive development of modern ICT (Information and Communication Technology). Thus, the importance of the information society using techniques of information communication and processing that arose from the connection of other households is increasing. These households participate and form the basis for the process of creating social capital. Therefore, it seems interesting to examine the socio-economic space of Polish households due to the existence of disproportions in ICT development. The article presents the results of the classification of Polish voivodeships in terms of the degree of digital exclusion understood as lack of access or the ability to use ICT in households in 2017. The research used the ELECTRE TRI method, which is an example of a multicriteria decision support method used to classify decision variants based on a relationship of exceedance. The obtained results allowed for the identification of regions that are characterized by the highest degree of exclusion of digital households (the lowest use of ICT). This group includes the following provinces: Podlasie, Lublin and Lubusz. Into the analyses carried out additionally and deliberately introduced the region of Masovia Province without the capital city and separately the region of Warsaw (the capital city), which clearly different from other units. Thus, it served as a reference point in the study, which represents highly urbanized areas of voivodeships characterized by a low degree of digital exclusion.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Becker A., Becker J.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s306.pdf

Autor	Nicholas Imbeah
Tytuł	A STUDY OF TOURISTS’ SAFETY IN THE AHANTA WEST DISTRICT IN GHANA
Title
Słowa kluczowe	glocalization, Ahanta, Ghana
Key words
Abstrakt	Issues of tourists’ safety are gaining grounds in Ghana especially in the Ahanta West District in the Western Region where Ghana discovered commercial crude oil in Cape Three Points in 2007 and started drilling in 2010. Using purposive sampling method, observation, interviews and questionnaires, this study sought to examine the extent to which tourists perceive their own safety in this destination which is old but now renewed tourist destination due to the oil find in Ghana. Welcoming and friendly atmosphere to tourists was indicative of a safe and a secured destination for tourists. The display of globalization showed in the form of ‘glocalization’ in this destination. There is a conflict between land use for agricultural purposes and tourist facilities since the predominant cash crop in this area is oil palm, hence a threat to agricultural sustainability. It is recommended that the security agents should as a matter of urgency put in place the appropriate structures in this tourist destination and farming area for safety.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Imbeah N.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s335.pdf

Autor	Natalia Szubska-Włodarczyk
Tytuł	Strona podażowa rynku biomasy rolnej w województwie łódzkim w opinii rolników
Title	THE SUPPLY SIDE OF AGRICULTURAL BIOMASS MARKET IN LODZ PROVINCE
Słowa kluczowe	polityka klimatyczno-energetyczna UE, odnawialne źródła energii, rynek biomasy rolnej
Key words	EU climate and energy policy, renewable energy resources, agricultural biomass market
Abstrakt	Aktualność problematyki podjętej w opracowaniu wynika zarówno z konieczności zwiększenia bezpieczeństwa energetycznego Polski, jak i jednoczesnej realizacji zobowiązań w ramach prowadzonej przez Unię Europejską polityki klimatyczno-energetycznej. Jednym z jej filarów jest wzrost znaczenia odnawialnych źródeł energii. Celem badań było określenie barier wynikających ze strony podażowej rynku biomasy rolnej w województwie łódzkim. Przeprowadzony wywiad kwestionariuszowy pozwolił na identyfikację kilku czynników niekorzystnie wpływających na rozwój rynku biomasy rolnej w województwie łódzkim, takich jak organizacja strony logistycznej odbioru surowca, opłacalność sprzedaży czy też brak dostępu do innowacyjnych rozwiązań.
Abstract	International cooperation on climate protection has very strong impact, which translates into increased interest in renewable energy, including biomass. Assuming the regional use of biomass, it may be an important source for energy, taking into account the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The aim of paper was to identify the supply barriers for the agricultural biomass market development in Lodz province. In this case, information obtained from structured interview was used. The main barriers on the supply side include i.e. lack of organized transport, unprofitability of the sales/production, lack of knowledge and access to information about innovative possibilities of energy use of biomass.
Cytowanie	Szubska-Włodarczyk N. (2018) Strona podażowa rynku biomasy rolnej w województwie łódzkim w opinii rolników .Roczniki Naukowe Ekonomii Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich, t. 105, z. 1: 111-120
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Pełny tekst	RNR_2018_n1_s111.pdf

Autor	Małgorzata Adamska
Tytuł	Czynniki motywacji personelu sprzedażowego w małych i średnich przedsiębiorstwach
Title	MOTIVATION FACTORS FOR SALES PERSONEL IN SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES
Słowa kluczowe	kapitał kliencki, personel sprzedażowy, motywacja, system motywacji
Key words	client capital, sales staff, motivation, motivation system
Abstrakt	W artykule zaprezentowane i omówione zostały czynniki motywacji personelu sprzedażowego. Podstawowa teza artykułu skoncentrowana została na omówieniu instrumentów wykorzystanych przez kadrę menadżerską do konstruowania systemu motywacji. Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja instrumentów motywacji stosowanych w przedsiębiorstwach z uwzględnieniem kryterium wielkości oraz segmentu rynku i rodzaju klientów. Zidentyfikowane zależności mogą mieć istotny wpływ na przyszły kształt i charakter tworzonych systemów motywacyjnych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem roli personelu sprzedażowego, działającego w bezpośrednim kontakcie z klientami.W autorskich badaniach, dotyczących zarządzania relacjami z klientem, przeprowadzonych metodą CATI wśród małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w województwie opolskim, podjęte zostały m.in. zagadnienia związane z funkcjonowaniem personelu sprzedażowego odpowiedzialnego za współpracę z kapitałem klientów w tych przedsiębiorstwach.Na podstawie wyników przeprowadzonej kwerendy literaturowej, doświadczeń płynących ze współpracy z przedsiębiorstwami regionu oraz autorskich badań dot. zarządzania relacjami z kapitałem klienckim w sektorze MŚP, opracowane zostały rekomendacje dotyczące działań mających na celu kreowanie zaangażowania personelu sprzedażowego.
Abstract	The article presents and discusses the motivations of sales staff. The basic thesis of the article was focused on discussing the instruments used by the managerial staff to construct the motivation system.The purpose of the article is to identify motivation instruments used in enterprises, taking into account the size criterion as well as market segments and the type of clients. Identified dependencies may have a significant impact on the future shape and nature of the motivation systems, developed with particular emphasis on the role of sales staff operating in direct contact with customers.In the author's research on customer relationship management carried out among small and medium-sized enterprises in the Opolskie voivodship, issues related to the operation of sales staff responsible for cooperation with clients' capital in these enterprises were also undertaken.Based on the results of a literature query, experience from cooperation with regional enterprises and original research on managing customer-relationship relations in the SME sector, recommendations have been developed regarding activities aimed at creating involvement of sales staff.
Cytowanie	Adamska M. (2018) Czynniki motywacji personelu sprzedażowego w małych i średnich przedsiębiorstwach.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 20(69): 7-19
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2018_n69_s7.pdf

Autor	Monika Wakuła
Tytuł	SIZE DIVERSITY SHAPING FINANCIAL CONDITION OF RURAL COMMUNES OF SIEDLCE SUBREGION
Title	Zróżnicowanie zmiennych kształtujących kondycję finansową gmin wiejskich podregionu siedleckiego.
Słowa kluczowe	financial condition, commune, Siedlce subregion, diversity.
Key words	kondycja finansowa, gmina, podregion siedlecki, zróżnicowanie
Abstrakt	Financial condition of basic units of territorial government is a complex phenomenon. Some authors associate it with the financial situation of the particular commune. Knowledge of the conditions influencing the situation enables governing bodies of the territorial government to make proper financial decisions. The aim of the article is an attempt to evaluate the diversity of factors shaping financial condition of communes of Siedlce subregion between 2014 and 2016. Essential data was taken from the Local Data Bank. The following features were taken into account while shaping the level of particular variables in Siedlce subregion: the measure of central tendency as well as the measures of dispersion and concentration. The conducted research indicated that communes in the studied region were the most diverse as far as their own revenue was concerned. However, they were the  most homogenous when it came to the cycle of rotation of budgetary appropriations.
Abstract	Kondycja finansowa podstawowych jednostek samorządu terytorialnego jest zjawiskiem złożonym. Przez wielu autorów utożsamiana jest ona z sytuacją finansową danej gminy. Znajomość czynników wpływających na nią ułatwia organom zarządzającym jednostkami samorządu terytorialnego podejmowanie właściwych decyzji finansowych. Celem artykułu jest próba oceny zróżnicowania czynników kształtujących stan finansów gmin podregionu siedleckiego w latach 2014-2016. Niezbędne dane zostały zaczerpnięte z Banku Danych Lokalnych. Do opisu kształtowania się poziomu poszczególnych zmiennych w podregionie siedleckim wykorzystano miary tendencji centralnej, miary rozproszenia i koncentracji. W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono, że gminy z badanego terenu są najbardziej zróżnicowanie pod względem dochodów własnych. Natomiast najbardziej jednorodną grupę stanowią pod względem cyklu rotacji środków budżetowych.
Cytowanie	Wakuła M. (2018) SIZE DIVERSITY SHAPING FINANCIAL CONDITION OF RURAL COMMUNES OF SIEDLCE SUBREGION.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 20(69): 224-233
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2018_n69_s224.pdf

Autor	Somaya Aboelnaga
Tytuł	The Necessary Modification of the Regional Development Methods Regarding to Climate Change Along the Nile River
Title	The Necessary Modification of the Regional Development Methods Regarding to Climate Change Along the Nile River
Słowa kluczowe	climate change, regional development, integrated development, process, water management
Key words	climate change, regional development, integrated development, process, water management
Abstrakt	Climate change adds extra stress on the current global situations and the regional development plans. Despite, Africa being rated the least among the continents contributing to the atmospheric pollution, it continues to be responsible for the least global emissions (estimated at 4%). Although they contributed to anthropogenic emission slightly, African continent is one of the highly vulnerable to impacts of long-term climate variability and extreme weather events, especially on the Nile. Moreover, developing countries are the most vulnerable to climate change impacts because they have fewer resources to adapt: socially, technologically and financially. Therefore, this paper is seeking to find and modify the regional development process in the frame of climate change along the Nile river. By considering some examples to accelerate the development process and methods in the Nile’s valley regions. Strongly related to the climate change impacts on different sectors and activities such agriculture, industry, energy, and the water supply and demand as well.
Abstract	Climate change adds extra stress on the current global situations and the regional development plans. Despite, Africa being rated the least among the continents contributing to the atmospheric pollution, it continues to be responsible for the least global emissions (estimated at 4%). Although they contributed to anthropogenic emission slightly, African continent is one of the highly vulnerable to impacts of long-term climate variability and extreme weather events, especially on the Nile. Moreover, developing countries are the most vulnerable to climate change impacts because they have fewer resources to adapt: socially, technologically and financially. Therefore, this paper is seeking to find and modify the regional development process in the frame of climate change along the Nile river. By considering some examples to accelerate the development process and methods in the Nile’s valley regions. Strongly related to the climate change impacts on different sectors and activities such agriculture, industry, energy, and the water supply and demand as well.
Cytowanie	Aboelnaga S. (2018) The Necessary Modification of the Regional Development Methods Regarding to Climate Change Along the Nile River.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 18(33), z. 4: 69-79
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2018_T18(33)_n4_s69.pdf

Autor	Łukasz Grzęda
Tytuł	Determinants of the development of the Mazowieckie Province in 2007-2016
Title
Słowa kluczowe	region, regional economy, determinants of regional development
Key words
Abstrakt	The article presents the results of the analysis of factors influencing the development of the Mazowieckie Province (Masovia) in the years 2007–2016. Data for the study were collected from the Central Statistical Office and Statistical Yearbooks of the Mazowieckie Province. The results indicate that the level of development of Masovia is considerably higher than of other provinces in the country. At the end of the analyzed period, in Masovia the GDP per capita was almost twice as high as the national average. Masovia held the highest share in Poland’s GDP (22%). Important factors positively affecting the development of Masovia are: positive population growth and improving demographic situation, and broad access to telecommunications. Additional factors of the dynamic Masovia’s development are: extensive transportation infrastructure (104.3 km per 100 km2) and high number of students (236.5 thousand) and college graduates (60.8 thousand) who constitute the future substantive resources of the province’s economy.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Grzęda Ł.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2018_n2_s65.pdf

Autor	Katarzyna Drabarczyk, Tomasz Siudek
Tytuł	Rozwój powiatów województwa mazowieckiego – wymiar ekologiczny
Title	ECOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE MAZOVIA COUNTIES
Słowa kluczowe	rozwój ekologiczny, wskaźnik syntetyczny, powiaty, województwo mazowieckie, Polska
Key words	ecological development, synthetic index, counties, Mazovia region, Poland
Abstrakt	Głównym celem artykułu jest określenie poziomu rozwoju ekologicznego powiatów województwa mazowieckiego przy wykorzystaniu oryginalnego wskaźnika syntetycznego, do którego konstrukcji wykorzystano analizę czynnikową. Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że w latach 2006–2015 pod względem ekologicznym najbardziej rozwinięte były powiaty siedlecki, lipski i radomski, a najsłabiej – kozienicki i miasta na prawach powiatu (w tym Warszawa). Dysproporcje rozwojowe między powiatami Mazowsza w tym czasie uległy zmniejszeniu.
Abstract	The main aim of this paper is to determine the level of ecological development of the Poland’s Mazovia counties (poviats) on the basis of the original synthetic index constructed with the use of factor analysis. According to the obtained results, in the years 2006–2015, the highest level of ecological development was achieved by such counties, as: Siedlecki, Lipski and Radomski, while the lowest one in Kozienicki county and towns with county rights (including Warsaw). The development disparities between the Mazovia poviats have decreased over this period.
Cytowanie	Drabarczyk K., Siudek T. (2017) Rozwój powiatów województwa mazowieckiego – wymiar ekologiczny.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 120: 55-67
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2017_n120_s55.pdf