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Autor	Magdalena Cyrek, Piotr Cyrek
Tytuł	DIFFERENCE IN CONSUMPTION BETWEEN URBAN AND RURAL HOUSEHOLDS
Title
Słowa kluczowe	consumption, well-being, households, city-countryside
Key words
Abstrakt	Levels of income, consumer expenditure and their structure display significant disproportions between areas of different degrees of urbanisation. These disproportions are reflected both in the objective comparison and subjectively perceived material situation of households. This study contains an assessment of the differences in income and consumption in rural areas and cities of Poland at a national level and in relation to the Subcarpathian Province, as a less developed region. The results of public statistic surveys were supplemented with the results of own research regarding the perception of the situation by the inhabitants of Subcarpathia. The scale of existing socio-economic disproportion in spatial layout and directions of changes in accordance to objective and subjective indicators were identified. The changes in the value of purchases of various types of products, levels of savings and living conditions were addressed. In order to verify the hypothesis of consumption convergence in the city-countryside system, a statistical analysis of national structures was carried out and the differences in change patterns typical for urban and rural households in Subcarpathia were identified. This research allows to conclude that there exist adverse disproportions in rural development and some signs of overcoming them on a national and regional level.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Cyrek M., Cyrek P.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s68.pdf

Autor	Katarzyna Boratyńska
Tytuł	CHANGES OF BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS: IMPLICATIONS FOR AGRIBUSINESS SECTOR
Title
Słowa kluczowe	bankruptcy, restructuring proceedings, agribusiness sector
Key words
Abstrakt	Corporate bankruptcy generates the externalities that affect also agribusiness and local communities. Economies around the world have undertaken reforms aimed at improving their insolvency systems. The majority of the countries including Poland focused on introducing or strengthening reorganization mechanisms. The aim of this study was to present the changes of bankruptcy proceedings that support agribusiness entities survival from economic perspective. This study indicates also the role and support of the State in the restructuring proceedings creation. This is a conceptual article. The methods include comparative and descriptive analysis. As a result, restructuring proceedings provide an opportunity for a debtor to avoid declaration of bankruptcy through enabling him return to going concern status.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Boratyńska K.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n1_s188.pdf

Autor	Alicja Baranowska, Stanisław Kondracki, Daniel Rogoznicki
Tytuł	COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY AS A DETERMINANT OF TRANSFORMATION IN POLISH AGRICULTURE
Title
Słowa kluczowe	rural areas, Common Agricultural Policy, direct payments
Key words
Abstrakt	The impact assessment of the Common Agricultural Policy on transformation process of Polish agriculture following Poland’s accession to European Union has been carried out. The analysis took into account the changes of the Common Agricultural Policy in terms of goals and the directions of its evolution. In the paper the alterations in land, labour and capital resources of Polish agriculture were also analysed. It has been established that funds coming from the Community budget allowed Polish agriculture to adjust to the requirement of new environment. Integration into the European Union has created good conditions to dynamic development of the agri-food sector as a whole. Acceleration of the modernization and restructuring processes of Polish farms has taken place. These developments have resulted in a reduction in the total number of farms (by 52%) at the simultaneous rise in their average area (by 78%). Union financial measures have also influenced on generational renewal amongst farms managers. The funds considerably enhanced farmers’ incomes, which increased by 156%, thus promoting expenditure on investments. As a result the improvement of technical utilities of farms has been achieved. Consequently, labour productivity growth in Polish agriculture has also been recorded. A wide range of measures within the framework of the Common Agricultural Policy enables to overcome many obstacles of the rural areas in Poland. It also creates possibilities to take advantage of naturally occurring assets in order to effectively compete on the external market.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Baranowska A., Kondracki S., Rogoznicki D.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n1_s168.pdf

Autor	Agnieszka Borowska
Tytuł	OPPORTUNITIES AND BARRIERS REGARDING THE DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL BEAN PRODUCTION WITH GEOGRAPHICAL CERTIFICATION IN POLAND
Title
Słowa kluczowe	regional beans, production, price
Key words
Abstrakt	The objective of the study is to present opportunities and barriers concerning the development of regional bean production with geographical indication and designation of origin, in Poland, in 2012-2017. The specificity, scale and conditions of production of three Polish regional bean species are described including the background of changes in the area cultivated with bean, its yield, production and development of buying-in prices. Attention is drawn to objective and subjective factors slowing down the certification process of leguminous crop production in accordance with producer specification. Information from the following databases has been used in the study: FAOSTAT, Eurostat, GUS (Central Statistical Office), JIHARS (Agricultural and Food Quality Inspection), as well as the following associations of regional bean producers (Association of Climbing Bean ‘Piękny Jaś’ Producers in Wrzawy, Association of Bean Producers in Nowy Korczyn, Cooperative ‘Dolina Dunajca’ and LAG (Local Action Group) ‘Biała-Dunajec’). The niche character and small previous production volume mean that regional beans PDO and PGI are only available in season for a small group of consumers. Little interest from producers of production certification makes it difficult to recognize that this pro-development activity is rather amateur at the current stage of building the regional food market in Poland.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Borowska A.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n1_s133.pdf

Autor	Romana Głowicka-Wołoszyn, Agnieszka Kozera
Tytuł	IDENTIFICATION OF FUNCTIONAL TYPES OF RURAL COMMUNES IN POLAND
Title
Słowa kluczowe	rural communes, functional types of rural communes, Ward’s method, k-means method
Key words
Abstrakt	The aim of the research was to identify the functional structure of rural communes in Poland. The functional types were further characterized and spatially delimited. The research drew on 2015 data from the Central Statistical Office database, Local Data Bank and statistical yearbooks: ‘Voivodship, subregions, poviats and communes’. Identification of functional types of rural communes in Poland employed a structural approach that classifies an administrative unit according to its prevalent social and economic functions. The optimal number of typological classes was first determined from the dendrogram produced by the Ward’s method. Then, the k-means method was employed to perform the actual classification.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Głowicka-Wołoszyn R., Kozera A.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n1_s109.pdf

Autor	Grzegorz Kunikowski
Tytuł	LOW-CARBON ECONOMY PLANNING IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR
Title
Słowa kluczowe	general regional economics, alternative energy sources, government policy
Key words
Abstrakt	The article presents the results of analysis of low carbon economy planning in public administration, as well as technological and non-technological solutions present in Poland and the EU. The review of documentation, being a formal basis for dealing with problems by public administration and local authorities, and the analysis of sample programmes and plan indicate that the main determinant of low carbon economy development in Poland is the state of the natural environment, particularly air quality and availability of financial support for investments, which is dependent on the possession of specific planning documents. Technological solutions are economically verified as network parity, which indicates the importance of organizational, fiscal and financial solutions.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Kunikowski G.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n1_s103.pdf

Autor	Konrad Turkowski
Tytuł	TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE AQUACULTURE IN POLAND
Title
Słowa kluczowe	aquaculture, adaptation, sustainability
Key words
Abstrakt	In the late 1980s, inland aquaculture in Poland produced about 20 and 4 thousand tonnes of carp and trout, respectively. In 2016, the total volume of the sector’s production increased to over 35 thousand tonnes, including 18 and 16 thousand tonnes of the two species and above 1 thousand tonnes of another fish. This constitutes 94% of total catches of inland fish and about 15% including sea fishing. Globally, roughly 50% of seafood supply is produced by aquaculture, and farmed fish production exceeds that of farmed beef. The EU’s Blue Growth Strategy identifies aquaculture as a sector which could boost economic growth across Europe. The key challenges in the Polish aquaculture sector is significant production growth to 49 thousand tonnes by 2020 and increasing its competitiveness by using resources more effectively, supporting the market by building distribution chains, improving the quality of products and marketing, as well as increasing contribution to environmental protection.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Turkowski K.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n1_s92.pdf

Autor	Maiga Kruzmetra, Baiba Rivza
Tytuł	ECONOMIC ACTIVITY AS ONE OF THE SMART AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN RURAL TERRITORIES
Title
Słowa kluczowe	rural territories; sustainable development; economic activities
Key words
Abstrakt	Rural territory is an important part of the community’s living space, moreover, it is a living space for sustainable and smart development. With the growing public demand for a healthy living environment and healthy food, the role of rural territory as a living space for community and the necessity to maintain its sustainable development is increasing. However, the sustainability of rural territories as a living space will be preserved only when residents are ready for changes and if national institutions and local governments are promoting trends politically and practically. The aim of the research: to examine economic activity in the rural areas of Latvia with regard to promoting the sustainable and smart development direction during 2009–2016 and to assess the results achieved. An analysis of the information on entrepreneurship expansion used in the research allows making a number of conclusions. Even though Latvia has the lowest competitiveness rating among Poland, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia, at the same time, it is characterized by the highest growth rates and small distances among these countries. The reduction of these differences was significantly influenced by economic activity expansion, including the knowledge economy segment in Latvia. The growth of the economy in the rural territories surpasses the growth rates in major cities. The rural space has confirmed its suitability for the innovative functioning and growth of the economy.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Kruzmetra M., Rivza B.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n1_s48.pdf

Autor	Wojciech Józwiak, Zofia Mirkowska, Wojciech Ziętara
Tytuł	ROLE OF LARGER FARMS IN POLAND AND SELECTED EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES IN 2005 AND 2016
Title
Słowa kluczowe	farms, UAA, agricultural production
Key words
Abstrakt	The rates of increase in labour costs in non-agricultural sections and prices of means of production for agriculture, which are higher than selling prices of agricultural products in countries with a market economy have resulted in a decrease in unit profitability of agricultural production. Farmers wishing to obtain a satisfactory income must increase their production scale, mainly by increasing farm area. The study covers two intentionally selected groups of countries differing with regard to economic development specified by gross domestic product (GDP) value per capita. The reason for this selection is the dependence of the farms’ economic strength on the national economy level of analysed countries. The first group of countries with a high level of this indicator (GDP) includes: Denmark, Sweden, Ireland, the Netherlands, Austria, Germany, Belgium, Great Britain and France. The second group covers – Slovenia, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Lithuania, Latvia, Poland, Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria. Analyses covered the changes in average farm area, share of farms with an area of 30 ha of UAA or more in the total number of farms, land use, employment and standard production in 2005 and 2016. In both groups, the following increased in the analysed period: the average farm area and share of larger farms in land use and production. In the majority of analysed countries, the share of farms with an area of 100 ha or more, when it comes to production, exceeded 50%.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Józwiak W., Mirkowska Z., Ziętara W.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n1_s28.pdf

Autor	Paweł Kraciński
Tytuł	Pozycja konkurencyjna Polski na światowym rynku zagęszczonego soku jabłkowego
Title	Competitive position of Poland on the global market of apple concentrated juice
Słowa kluczowe	eksport zagęszczonego soku jabłkowego, konkurencyjność, pozycja konkurencyjna
Key words	export of apple concentrate juice, competitiveness, competitiveness position
Abstrakt	Celem badań było określenie pozycji konkurencyjnej Polski na rynku zagęszczonego soku jabłkowego w latach 2004–2015. W badaniu wykorzystano: saldo obrotów, udział w światowym eksporcie, wskaźnik ujawnionej przewagi komparatywnej (RCA) oraz indeks relatywnej komparatywnej przewagi eksportu (XRCA). Zastosowane mierniki wykazały, że eksport z Polski był konkurencyjny. Saldo handlu zagęszczonym sokiem jabłkowym w latach 2004–2015 wzrosło. W badanym okresie zwiększył się też udział Polski w światowym eksporcie soku. W latach 2004–2015 Polska miała przeciętną i silną przewagę komparatywną w eksporcie zagęszczonego soku jabłkowego, a Chiny silną. Najsilniejszą przewagę komparatywną w latach 2013–2015 uzyskały Mołdawia i Ukraina.
Abstract	The aim of the study was to establish the competitive position of Poland on the market of apple juice concentrate in the years 2004–20015 and compare it with the position of competitors. The research used the trade balance, share in the word exports, revealed comparative advantage index (RCA) and revealed comparative export advantage index (XRCA). In the analyzed period Poland was the second biggest exporter of apple juice concentrate in the world, preceded only by China. The applied measures showed that export from Poland was competitive. The trade balance of apple juice concentrate from Poland increased in the years 2004–2015. In the analyzed period Poland’s share in international export increased as well. The revealed comparative export advantage index showed that in years 2004–2015 Poland had an average and strong comparative advantage in apple juice concentrate exports, while China’s comparative advantage was strong. The strongest comparative advantage in years 2013–2015 was obtained by Moldova and Ukraine.
Cytowanie	Kraciński P. (2018) Pozycja konkurencyjna Polski na światowym rynku zagęszczonego soku jabłkowego.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 121: 71-81
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2018_n121_s71.pdf

Autor	Jakub Kraciuk
Tytuł	Bezpieczeństwo żywnościowe Polski na tle wybranych krajów Europy Wschodniej
Title	Food security in the selected countries of Eastern Europe
Słowa kluczowe	bezpieczeństwo żywnościowe, kraje Europy Wschodniej
Key words	food security, Eastern Europe countries
Abstrakt	Celem artykułu jest ukazanie stanu bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego Polski oraz trzech krajów Europy Wschodniej sąsiadujących z naszym krajem: Białorusi, Rosji i Ukrainy. Analizowane kraje różnią się między sobą zarówno pod względem wielkości posiadanego potencjału gospodarczego, wielkości samych gospodarek, jak i poziomem ich rozwoju. Gospodarki poszczególnych krajów charakteryzuje też określona specyfika. W pierwszej części opracowania ukazano podstawy teoretyczne analizy bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego jako elementu bezpieczeństwa ekonomicznego. W następnej części dokonano charakterystyki analizowanych krajów, ukazując ich specyfikę oraz główne determinanty rozwoju. W części analitycznej przedstawiono stan bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego analizowanych krajów, wykorzystując Global Food Security Index, który został opracowany na zlecenie firmy DuPont przez Economist Intelligence Unit. Ukazano trzy składowe indeksu bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego, jakimi są: dostępność cenowa, dostęp do żywności oraz jakość i bezpieczeństwo żywności. Biorąc pod uwagę niektóre determinanty składowych bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego, podjęto próbę oceny wpływu rozwoju gospodarczego poszczególnych krajów na ich bezpieczeństwo żywnościowe.
Abstract	The aim of the article is to present the state of food security in Poland and the three neighbouring Eastern European countries: Russia, Belarus and Ukraine. The analysed countries differ in terms of the size of their economic potential, the size of the economies, and the level of their development. The economy of each country is also marked by specific characteristics. In the first part, the paper presents the theoretical basis of food security as an element of economic security. In the next part, the characteristics of the analysed countries are presented showing their specificity and main determinants of development. The empirical part describes the state of food security in the examined countries using the Global Food Security Index, which was developed at the request of DuPont by the Economist Intelligence Unit. Three components of the food safety index are presented: price availability, access to food as well as food quality and safety. Considering some determinants of food safety components, an attempt was made to assess the impact of economic development of individual countries on their food security
Cytowanie	Kraciuk J. (2018) Bezpieczeństwo żywnościowe Polski na tle wybranych krajów Europy Wschodniej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 121: 41-53
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2018_n121_s41.pdf

Autor	Mariusz Maciejczak, Kiryll Zahkarov
Tytuł	DELIVERING CONSUMER VALUES BY CONSUMER FOOD COOPERATIVES – A CASE OF TWO TYPES OF COOPS FROM POLAND
Title
Słowa kluczowe	consumer food cooperative, utilitarian values, hedonic values, environmental values, participatory cooperative, supermarket cooperative, Poland
Key words
Abstrakt	Consumer choice of a particular type of retail outlet greatly depends on the consumer values that the outlet provides. The aim of this research was to address specific consumer values created by consumer food cooperatives in general, and in addition to examine the difference in the consumer values provided by two major types of such coops in Poland. It is argued that consumer food cooperatives provide customers with unique blend of values, different from those of consumer cooperatives in general due to their close bond with agriculture and environment. Such coops could deliver their customers not only economic or hedonic values but also an additional environmental ones. The environmental values are prevailing in participatory type of coop, while the supermarket type can deliver better the economic values.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Maciejczak M., Zahkarov K.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s180.pdf

Autor	Justyna Kaźmierczak, Artur Łabuz
Tytuł	MULTI-LEVEL MARKETING. FEATURES AND CONTROVERSY
Title
Słowa kluczowe	marketing, network of connections, commission system, business model.
Key words
Abstrakt	Multi-Level Marketing is a kind of novelty in the business reality. The greatest popularity gained in Western countries, where it functions as a kind of hybrid method in distribution of the goods with the design of the sales network. It is one of the most secure business models. In Poland the awareness of this type of activity is still small and remains a wide spectrum of scientific research. This situation has led to the creation of this article. The aim of the publication is to highlight the problems of Multi-Level Marketing, an indication of the essence of this phenomenon, and show how far is different than traditional marketing. The article presents the system of functioning of this kind of business, how it works a system of charging commissions and indicated a practical example of this system. Considerations based on literature studies and case studies.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Kaźmierczak J., Łabuz A.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2018_n1_s25.pdf

Autor	Bogdan Klepacki
Tytuł	THE ROLE OF LOGISTIC FOR POLISH ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT
Title
Słowa kluczowe	logistics, transport infrastructure, storage, Logistic Performance Index (LPI)
Key words
Abstrakt	One of the most important sectors currently determining the economic situation of countries, regions, including rural areas and enterprises is logistics. The study presents the directions of the impact of logistics on the economy and changes in equipping Poland with more important elements of the logistics infrastructure, namely transport and storage infrastructure. The place of the logistics sector in the national economy was presented, measured by the share of transport, storage, information and communication, against the background of industry, trade and construction, in the creation of the Net Domestic Product. The logistic competitive position of Poland against the background of neighbouring countries was also determined. It was found that it is high, and logistics can be an important factor in the development of the country. The development of logistics at the Faculty of Economic Sciences at SGGW was also presented.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Klepacki B.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s353.pdf

Autor	Aneta Becker, Jarosław Becker
Tytuł	REGIONAL DIFFERENTIATION OF POLAND IN TERMS OF THE DEGREE OF DIGITAL EXCLUSION OF HOUSEHOLDS IN 2017
Title
Słowa kluczowe	ICT, digital divide, households, ELECTRE TRI
Key words
Abstrakt	Nowadays, the digital economy plays a significant role in economic life. It is determined by the intensive development of modern ICT (Information and Communication Technology). Thus, the importance of the information society using techniques of information communication and processing that arose from the connection of other households is increasing. These households participate and form the basis for the process of creating social capital. Therefore, it seems interesting to examine the socio-economic space of Polish households due to the existence of disproportions in ICT development. The article presents the results of the classification of Polish voivodeships in terms of the degree of digital exclusion understood as lack of access or the ability to use ICT in households in 2017. The research used the ELECTRE TRI method, which is an example of a multicriteria decision support method used to classify decision variants based on a relationship of exceedance. The obtained results allowed for the identification of regions that are characterized by the highest degree of exclusion of digital households (the lowest use of ICT). This group includes the following provinces: Podlasie, Lublin and Lubusz. Into the analyses carried out additionally and deliberately introduced the region of Masovia Province without the capital city and separately the region of Warsaw (the capital city), which clearly different from other units. Thus, it served as a reference point in the study, which represents highly urbanized areas of voivodeships characterized by a low degree of digital exclusion.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Becker A., Becker J.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s306.pdf

Autor	Tsvihun Inna
Tytuł	SOCIAL-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL TERRITORIES OF POLAND AND UKRAINE
Title
Słowa kluczowe	rural areas, depopulation, birth rate, mortality, population structure, aging
Key words
Abstrakt	Rural areas are an important component of the national economy and perform the following functions: efficient and competitive production; rational saving and protection of natural resources; assistance to rural population expanded reproduction; insurance of employment, proper level and quality of life as well as the revival of historical and the formation of new cultural traditions. The aim of the study is to assess the sociodemographic development of rural areas of the Ukraine and Poland and to identify common and distinctive features of their development. In order to assess the level of rural area development, the following indicators were used: rural population size and structure, fertility, mortality and expected life expectancy of the rural population. The aim of the study is to assess trends in the development of demographic processes and to develop proposals for the sustainable development of Ukrainian rural areas, taking into account the experience of Poland.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Inna T.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s294.pdf

Autor	Katarzyna Bentkowska
Tytuł	THE ROLE OF SOCIAL CAPITAL AND TRUST IN CONTRACTING
Title
Słowa kluczowe	informal institutions, social capital, incomplete contracts
Key words
Abstrakt	The aim of the study is to analyse how the social capital in Poland affects contracting. It’s role is significant as the contracts concluded on the market are incomplete, i.e. they do not regulate all the issues explicitly. The effects of contractual incompleteness can be mitigated by the high level of trust and well-developed social capital. However, the research results show that the level of trust in Poland has been low for years and that social capital remains underdeveloped. It prevents the social capital to fulfil its role as a factor supporting the conclusion of contracts properly. This results in a real loss for enterprises, as part of the transactions is not conducted.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Bentkowska K.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s267.pdf

Autor	Funda Gencler, Altay Gul, Berna Turkekul
Tytuł	ARE POLAND AND TURKEY RIVALS IN THE EU AGRICULTURAL MARKET?
Title
Słowa kluczowe	Poland, Turkey, competitiveness
Key words
Abstrakt	Poland and Turkey are one of the largest global producers and particularly exporters of fruits. The export is of great importance to domestic producers of these fruits. This paper attempts to assess Polish and Turkish fruit sectors’ competitiveness. For competitive comparison of Poland and Turkey, balance of foreign trade, trade coverage index, share in export and import, specialisation index, relative revealed comparative export advantage index, relative import penetration index, relative trade advantage index were calculated. According to the results, Turkey has shown to have comparative advantage for all periods. In contrast, however, Poland seems to be losing its advantages. Although Poland’s competitiveness is diminishing, Poland enjoys free access to EU market.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Gencler F., Gul A., Turkekul B.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s238.pdf

Autor	Dariusz Czakowski, Andrzej Czyżewski
Tytuł	THE MARKETS OF POTATOES AND SUGAR BEETS IN POLAND BEFORE AND AFTER ACCESSION TO THE EUROPEAN UNION. AN ATTEMPT TO COMPARE
Title
Słowa kluczowe	root crop market, sugar market, potato market, European integration
Key words
Abstrakt	The article attempts to identify the dynamics and direction of the root plant market development in Poland in the period before and after accession to the European Union by defining resource-efficiency relations related to the cultivation of potatoes and sugar beet. The research was carried out in the years 1994–2016. Based on them, it turned out that despite the progressive process of concentration and specialization of production on the market of root crops in Poland, income efficiency (without subsidies), especially in the case of sugar beets, decreased significantly. In addition, the area of cultivation of both potatoes and sugar beet was systematically decreasing, which was partially compensated by the improvement in crops. As a result of these adjustments, sugar beet harvests were at a similar level throughout the entire period considered, while potato production decreased.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Czakowski D., Czyżewski A.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s231.pdf

Autor	Karolina Pawlak
Tytuł	COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES OF THE POLISH AGRI-FOOD SECTOR ON THE US MARKET
Title
Słowa kluczowe	comparative advantage, agri-food products, export, import, Poland, USA
Key words
Abstrakt	The aim of this paper is to identify the level and changes in comparative advantages of the Polish agri-food sector on the US market in 2004–2017. The following indicators were used in the comparative advantage analysis: Balassa’s Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Vollrath’s Revealed Competitiveness (RC), the Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA) and the Lafay’s Trade Balance Index (TBI). A product mapping scheme based on the level of comparative advantage (RSCA) and export specialisation (TBI) was made. This study was supplemented with the analysis of values for the trade balance and shares of individual groups of products in the structure of Poland’s exports to the US. The analyses showed that, in the years 2004–2017, Poland attained high comparative advantages in trade with these assortment groups, which were characterised by the relatively highest shares in the structure of exports to the US, as well as generated a high and frequently improving positive trade balance.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Pawlak K.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s223.pdf