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Autor	Bogusław Gołębiowski
Tytuł	Partnerstwo wertykalne jako model powiązań gospodarstw rolnych z przetwórstwem
Title	Vertical partnership as a model of connections between farms and processing industry
Słowa kluczowe	partnerstwo wertykalne, grupa producentów rolnych
Key words	vertical partnership, group of agricultural producers
Abstrakt	Na podstawie badań kwestionariuszowych przeprowadzonych w okresie marzec . kwiecień 2009 przedstawiono możliwości tworzenia i funkcjonowania aliansu w formie partnerstwa wertykalnego, jako modelu powiązań rolnictwa z handlem i przetwórstwem rolnym, w którym główną rolę odgrywa grupa producentów rolnych. Podstaw ą przetrwania i odniesienia sukcesu w działalności grupy producentów rolnych jest uświadomienie sobie logiki partnerstwa oraz wzajemnego zaufania, które są podstawą wprowadzania udoskonaleń lub też innowacji produktowych, a także stosowanie przez zarządy grup koncepcji uczenia się organizacji.
Abstract	Based on questionnaire surveys conducted during the March-April 2009, author provides the possibility of setting up and operating alliance in the form of vertical partnership as a model for agricultural trade and agricultural processing in which the central role is played by a group of agricultural producers. Analysis of the data shows that the group of agricultural producers can function as a link of alliances in the form of vertical partnership, and through the usage of the economics of scale can increase own market power. The basis for the survival and succeed in the activities of the farmers is to raise awareness of the logic of partnership and mutual trust, which are the basis for introducing improvements or product innovations, and the concept of learning organizations used by the board.
Cytowanie	Gołębiowski B. (2009) Partnerstwo wertykalne jako model powiązań gospodarstw rolnych z przetwórstwem.Roczniki Nauk Rolniczych, Seria G, t. 96, z. 3: 302-310
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Pełny tekst	RNR_2009_n3_s302.pdf

Autor	Wojciech Ziętara
Tytuł	Model polskiego rolnictwa – wobec aktualnych wyzwań
Title	Model of Polish Agriculture – in the Face of Current Challenges
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Abstract	In the paper tendencies of changes of factors of production prices in agriculture, agricultural products in the span of 1995–2007 as well as changes of parity farm area. As the result of faster growth rate of factors of production costs than agricultural prices, there occurs permanent increase of parity farm area. It causes deterioration of farmer’s income situation in comparison with working in non-agricultural branches. The main cause of deepen differences in the income situations of farmers is low mobility of labour factor in agriculture as well as land factor. Changes of the area of agricultural farms in Poland in comparison with chosen European countries were also presented. Against a background of that the model of Polish agriculture was presented
Cytowanie	Ziętara W. (2009) Model polskiego rolnictwa – wobec aktualnych wyzwań.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 73: 5-21
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n73_s5.pdf

Autor	Barbara Gołębiewska
Tytuł	Efektywność wykorzystania nakładów materiałowych w indywidualnych gospodarstwach rolniczych o zróżnicowanym stopniu powiązań z otoczeniem
Title	Effi ciency of Material Outlays Utilisation at Individual Farms with Different Degree of Connections with the Surrounding Environment
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Abstract	The objective of the analysis was an attempt to identify and evaluate utilization of material outlays incurred on production purposes at individual farms characterised with various degrees of connection with the surrounding environment. Farms from among the group observed by FADN were selected for empirical research. It was determined that efficiency of material outlays utilization was diversified. Both the productivity of outlays and profitability increased in farms characterised with the higher index of connection with the surrounding environment, up to a certain limit. Entities with the strongest connection with the surrounding environment demonstrated lower efficiency of material outlays utilisation.
Cytowanie	Gołębiewska B. (2009) Efektywność wykorzystania nakładów materiałowych w indywidualnych gospodarstwach rolniczych o zróżnicowanym stopniu powiązań z otoczeniem.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 73: 95-104
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n73_s95.pdf

Autor	Agnieszka Borowska
Tytuł	Tendencje zmian na rynku tytoniowym w Polsce w latach 1990–2006
Title	The Polish Tobacco Market in the Period 1990–2006
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Abstract	In the world about 100 countries produce tobacco. The major producers are China, India, Brazil, the United States, Turkey, Malawi and Zimbabwe. They together produce over 80% of the worlds’ tobacco. In the fact, only China accounts for over 35% of world production. FAO projected that world tobacco production is over 7,1 mln tones in 2010. The number of smokers will increase mainly due to expansion of the world’s population. By 2030 there will be at least another 2 billion people in the world. Cigarettes account for the largest share of manufactured tobacco products, 96% of total value sales. Asia, Australia and the Far East are by far the largest consumers (2715 billion cigarettes), next the Americas (745 billion), Eastern Europe and Former Soviet Economies (631 billion) and Western Europe (606 billion). In Poland one of the most important branches is the tobacco industry. The cigarettes are the main part of polish production and consumption. Analysis of changes in production and consumption of tobacco products, especially cigarettes shows in the whole period 1990–2006 changing trends. In the last years it shows the distinctly growing trend of production of cigarettes and small stabilization of consumption
Cytowanie	Borowska A. (2009) Tendencje zmian na rynku tytoniowym w Polsce w latach 1990–2006.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 73: 125-141
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n73_s125.pdf

Autor	Dorota Komorowska
Tytuł	Ekonomika produkcji ekologicznej w Polsce
Title	The Economics of Ecological Production in Poland
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Abstract	Growing support for pro-ecological activities in agricultural area as a part of Common Agriculture Policy and creates a perspective of ecological agriculture development. The realization instrument of the European Union agricultural policy in this subject is Agro-Environment Program, which implemented payments supporting the growth of ecological production. In Poland, as an effect of this Program, there has been noticed a dynamic growth of ecological production, which is observed by the growing number of ecological farms. This creates the need for researches about their economics and production organization. The aim of this article is to present the support of ecological agriculture in Poland and production economics of selected activities in agricultural farms
Cytowanie	Komorowska D. (2009) Ekonomika produkcji ekologicznej w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 73: 143-153
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n73_s143.pdf

Autor	Dawid Olewnicki
Tytuł	Rozwój usług dla gospodarstw ogrodniczych w latach 2001–2006
Title	Development of Market Services for Horticultural Farms in the Period 2001–2006
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Abstract	Development of market services in horticulture, both production and indirectly production type services depend on many factors. First of all these are economical factors like farm size, level of farm specialisation, labour availability and intensification of production. In connection with that there were made an attempt of development assessment as well as demand for production and indirectly production services for horticultural farms on the basis of farmers opinion pull. The survey shows relationship between the size of the horticultural farm and amount of services ordered by agricultural or horticultural holdings as well as between the size of the horticultural farm and types of requested services. Analysis of the market services in agricultural and horticultural sector for the period 2001–2006 in Poland also was presented in the article
Cytowanie	Olewnicki D. (2009) Rozwój usług dla gospodarstw ogrodniczych w latach 2001–2006.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 73: 155-163
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n73_s155.pdf

Autor	Agata Balińska
Tytuł	Struktura popytu turystycznego i czynniki kształtujące ten popyt (na podstawie wyników badań empirycznych)
Title	The Structure of Tourist Demand and Factors Moulding it (on the Basis of Empirical Research Results)
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Abstract	Demand for touristic services is above all the result of tourists’ needs but its scale and structure are defined by many economic and non-economic factors. The paper presents the issues pertaining to tourist demand and the results of empirical research carried out among tourists spending their holidays in 14 communities of Eastern Poland’s borderland. The most popular forms of tourist activities among the respondents are a few days’ long outings arranged several times a year. As to the choice of location, low prices proved the decisive factor, and family and friends proved to be the main source of information. In regards to the elements of the tourist products, natural values of a given area is the most influential, while easy communication and tourist services is the least influential
Cytowanie	Balińska A. (2009) Struktura popytu turystycznego i czynniki kształtujące ten popyt (na podstawie wyników badań empirycznych).Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 74: 137-147
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n74_s137.pdf

Autor	Iwona Kowalczuk
Tytuł	Innowacyjność produktowa przedsiębiorstw branży spożywczej
Title	Product innovativeness of industrial enterprises on the food market
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Abstract	In the article the problem of product innovations in the food sector was described. In the first part, based on the literature data, chosen definitions and classifications of new products were presented, particularly taken into consideration food products. In the second part, the results of the Central Statistical Offi ce (GUS) researches about product innovativeness in industrial enterprises manufacturing food products and beverages were presented. In the third chapter of the article, based on the results of the questionnaire research carried out on the sample of 149 enterprises, the main directions of product innovations on the food marked were presented. The results of both the desk and the field researches indicate that the low level of innovativeness is characteristic for food sector in Poland and that the main trends of food product changes are: changes in appearance of products and packages, improvement of health proprieties of food, changes of taste, and improvement of the comfort of products use.
Cytowanie	Kowalczuk I. (2009) Innowacyjność produktowa przedsiębiorstw branży spożywczej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 75: 63-77
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n75_s63.pdf

Autor	Wiesława Lizińska
Tytuł	Integracja z Unią Europejską a handel artykułami rolno-żywnościowymi polskich przedsiębiorstw z krajami trzecimi
Title	Integration with European Union and trade of agri-food products Polish enterprises with extraunion countries
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Abstract	The main aim of this paper was to characterize geographic and goods structure of polish food and agriculture industry exports in years 2004–2008. The main reasons of beginning export activity were also examined as well as effects of joining The European Union to this industry. Moreover, the research showed the importance of export activity for agriculture and food companies and identified main export barriers to countries outside the EU. The research was conducted in 2008 among 30 enterprises exporting to extra-union markets. Export of Polish agrifood articles is mainly intra-exports (80%). The second most important export markets are the CIS countries, mainly Russia. The main problem arising from the integration with the EU was a large increase in competition in the market (59%). The surveyed firms share value of exports to total net revenue in 2008 was mainly below 20% (47%). Most of companies surveyed indicated existing rules and regulations (81%) as the main constraint to development of export within countries outside EU. Among the respondents, 46% of companies intended to expand their presence in the eastern markets, preferably through the development of exports.
Cytowanie	Lizińska W. (2009) Integracja z Unią Europejską a handel artykułami rolno-żywnościowymi polskich przedsiębiorstw z krajami trzecimi.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 75: 91-103
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n75_s91.pdf

Autor	Karolina Babuchowska, Renata Marks-Bielska
Tytuł	Wsparcie dochodów rolników w formie dopłat bezpośrednich
Title	Farmers’ income support in the form of direct subsidies
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Abstract	The paper is devoted to the application one of the Common Agricultural Policy instruments – the direct subsidies. The considerations were based on the available data of Agency for Restructuring and Modernization of Agriculture, other authors’ and own empirical studies conducted in Warmia and Mazury voivodeship among 4095 users of agricultural farms. According to the declarations of farmers covered the majority of them use the funds obtained from direct subsidies for purchase of the means of production (64,66% in 2004, 68,30% in 2005) and current expenditures (51,72% in 2004, 55,97% in 2005). The positive fact is that an increasing number of individuals invest in development of farms (24,08% in 2004, 26,01% in 2005) and allocate awarded funds to purchase of land (4,93% in 2004, 7,40% in 2005), which is an important symptom of development oriented behavior of farmers. It indicates the intentions of continued farming supported in numerous cases by financial potential and adequate education.
Cytowanie	Babuchowska K., Marks-Bielska R. (2009) Wsparcie dochodów rolników w formie dopłat bezpośrednich.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 75: 135-148
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n75_s135.pdf

Autor	Teresa Miś
Tytuł	Specyficzne uwarunkowania prowadzenia gospodarstw przez młodych rolników
Title	Specifi c Conditions for Farm Management by Young Farmers
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Abstract	The project aimed at studying basic functional conditions for farms managed by young farmers. It showed that young farmers have been active and susceptible to changes, with consequential farm modernization. In their own opinions, the most important internal barriers in farm development are the shortage of own financial means, too small farm area and poor farm outfit with fixed assets. The most often indicated major factors dominating among external, farm-independent barriers were: too high prices of essential farm-production necessities, inflow of food products from abroad and problems experienced in sales of farm products and services. For an effective farm modernization process, young farmers need support from the institutional environment, including that by advisory and financial institutions, payment agencies, non-governmental organizations and local self-governments
Cytowanie	Miś T. (2009) Specyficzne uwarunkowania prowadzenia gospodarstw przez młodych rolników.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 75: 149-160
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n75_s149.pdf

Autor	Jacek Prochorowicz, Agata Wójcik
Tytuł	Analiza słabych i mocnych stron wybranych gospodarstw specjalizujących się w produkcji mleka w latach 2005–2007
Title	Analysis of strengths and weaknesses of selected farms specialized in dairy production in the years 2005–2007
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Abstract	The study assesses the small Polish farms specialized in dairy production compared to all of Polish farms associated to the European Dairy Farmers. EDF model was used for the calculation. That model is used to compare economic performance of farms involved in the studies compiled for the EDF. The survey covered the number of dairy farms with less than 50 cows in the period 2005–2007. On the basis of EDF data of seven Polish dairy farms analysis of the strengths and weaknesses was made. The analysis of strengths and weaknesses points to the competitive position of small Polish farms specialized in dairy production due to lower production costs and higher income attributable to those activities, recalculated per 100 kg of ECM, rather than average cost and revenue generated by all the Polish farms associated in EDF
Cytowanie	Prochorowicz J., Wójcik A. (2009) Analiza słabych i mocnych stron wybranych gospodarstw specjalizujących się w produkcji mleka w latach 2005–2007.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 75: 185-196
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n75_s185.pdf

Autor	Henryk Runowski
Tytuł	Tendencje zmian w organizacji i ekonomice przedsiębiorstw rolnych – aspekty teoretyczne
Title	Tendencies in changes of organization and economics of agricultural enterprises – theoretical aspects
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Abstract	The paper aims to present the theoretical background as well as directions of changes in economics and organization of agricultural enterprises that take place which are under the influence of environment. It analyzes the changes that take place in costs of main production inputs and the consequences of such changes for companies. There are also shown directions of adjusting activities in case of selection of techniques and technologies of production and organization of the company with emphasis of application of technical progress, and within it especially biological progress. The paper argues also about the costs-driving aspects of human capital and resulting from that need to systematically change employment level.
Cytowanie	Runowski H. (2009) Tendencje zmian w organizacji i ekonomice przedsiębiorstw rolnych – aspekty teoretyczne.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 75: 197-210
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n75_s197.pdf

Autor	Justyna Franc-Dąbrowska
Tytuł	Praktyczne zastosowanie wybranych modeli panelowych do oceny sytuacji finansowej przedsiębiorstw rolniczych
Title	Practical application of selected panel models in assessment of financial situation in the agricultural companies
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Abstract	The study presents models which were used to prepare panel data (estimation based on the classical method of the smallest squares, panel model with fixed effects, panel model with random effects). Panel analyses were conducted which were supposed to identify factors influencing revenue figures. Based on the statistical tests it was found that panel model with fixed effects was more applicable then the other methods of estimation (for analyzed type of data). As a result of analyses performed it was found that revenue is mostly impacted by cash-flow, level of employment and work productivity. Established variables improve the management process of sale.
Cytowanie	Franc-Dąbrowska J. (2009) Praktyczne zastosowanie wybranych modeli panelowych do oceny sytuacji finansowej przedsiębiorstw rolniczych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 76: 31-40
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n76_s31.pdf

Autor	Joanna Baran
Tytuł	Korzyści skali a wyniki ekonomiczno-finansowe przedsiębiorstw przetwórstwa mleka w latach 2004–2006
Title	The returns to scale in relation to economic-financial results of dairy companies in 2004–2006
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Abstract	This paper presents the issue of potential relation between returns to scale of dairy companies and their financial performance. The analysis based on 267 objects shows significant differences between companies of increasing, decreasing and constant returns to scale. Statistic tests showed that the constant returns to scale is connected with higher labour efficiency ratio and assets productivity. However the research does not conf rm hypothesis that constant returns leads to the higher return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), return on sales (ROS)
Cytowanie	Baran J. (2009) Korzyści skali a wyniki ekonomiczno-finansowe przedsiębiorstw przetwórstwa mleka w latach 2004–2006.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 76: 95-108
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n76_s95.pdf

Autor	Jadwiga Drożdż, Iwona Szczepaniak
Tytuł	Ocena sytuacji ekonomiczno-finansowej przemysłu spożywczego w pięć lat po integracji Polski z Unią Europejską
Title	The assessment of the economic-fi nancial situation of food industry during fi ve years after integration of Poland into the European Union
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Abstract	After Poland accession to the European Union the value of sold production in food industry has increased dynamically. After five years of functioning in the EU structure the value of sold production increased over half. The production revival in this branch industry was the direct reason of the improvement in economical and financial results of food producers. Their indexes grew 150% and had remained on this level by several years. This was a general phenomenon, taking a stand in majority food sectors. Not earlier than last year, the slight decline in the financial and economical results in the food industry has been observed, but still they have been better than before the integration into the EU. The increase of sale and profit generated by the food industry was a result of influence, equal extensive and intensive, of the qualified factors. The biggest effect on the increase of the turnover had the grown of wealth involved in the food branch, and a high grow of sale profitability enabled increase the amount of financial result of food producers.
Cytowanie	Drożdż J., Szczepaniak I. (2009) Ocena sytuacji ekonomiczno-finansowej przemysłu spożywczego w pięć lat po integracji Polski z Unią Europejską.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 76: 135-146
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n76_s135.pdf

Autor	Sławomir Juszczyk, Maria Tymińska
Tytuł	Sterowanie zapasami materiałowymi firmy – aspekty ekonomiczne i organizacyjne
Title	Controlling of the material entities’ reserves – economical and organizational aspects
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Abstract	The paper presents issues connected with the optimal streams of input delivery in situation which should be rational, cyclical and regular. They have to be synchronized with the production needs. It is also analyzed the level of store costs and the costs of stoppage in production processes in result of reserves running low. The presented considerations have a modeling character in optimal controlling and it conducted to achieve the basic parameters linked with the size of guaranteed reserves and frequency of material delivery. The criterion in optimized process is function of minimizing total costs i.e.: a) storing and b) stoppages in production which are caused by running low of reserves.
Cytowanie	Juszczyk S., Tymińska M. (2009) Sterowanie zapasami materiałowymi firmy – aspekty ekonomiczne i organizacyjne.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 76: 165-174
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n76_s165.pdf

Autor	Magdalena Mądra
Tytuł	Obciążenie podatkiem rolnym indywidualnych gospodarstw rolnych
Title	The level of agricultural tax burden in individual farms
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Abstract	The elaborations presents the level of agriculture tax in farms which conduced, during the researched period, agriculture accountancy according to FADN system. The article deals also with the relationship between generate sales revenues (total output) and family farm income. The presented research was surveyed in 2004–2007 in Mazowsze and Podlasie region. Farms have been characterized by criterion of cropland area, agriculture type and Economic Size Unit. The highest agriculture tax burden noticed in farms which characterized with the lowest economic power. The level of paid agriculture tax in relation to sale revenues was low and the highest tax burden noticed in group 10–30 ha of cropland area. The visible influence of this tax was perceptible in farms which managed a crop production.
Cytowanie	Mądra M. (2009) Obciążenie podatkiem rolnym indywidualnych gospodarstw rolnych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 76: 175-186
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n76_s175.pdf

Autor	Aleksandra Pisarska, Mirosław Wasilewski
Tytuł	Płynność finansowa w małych i średnich przedsiębiorstwach
Title	The financial liquidity in small and medium enterprises
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Abstract	The highest financial liquidity described enterprises with the highest value of possessed capital. In general companies from the group of average value of capital had noticed the financial liquidity on lower level than the enterprises with the lowest and the highest value of capital. The financial liquidity ratio had amounted to quite low level in group of companies with the highest value of fixed assets. In the enterprises with the average level of these assets had appeared the risk of the financial liquidity lack. In group of micro enterprises had recorded difficulties with marinating the financial liquidity, especially the treasury ratio. In researched period had ascertained slight improvement in this aspect. Whereas the financial liquidity level in small and medium enterprises had formed almost on similar level, particularly in quick and treasury ratio. This group of enterprises had recorded lower level of financial liquidity, which in case of smaller scale of production was substantiated, because of decreasing risk of bankruptcy.
Cytowanie	Pisarska A., Wasilewski M. (2009) Płynność finansowa w małych i średnich przedsiębiorstwach.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 76: 187-200
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n76_s187.pdf

Autor	Grażyna Ancyparowicz
Tytuł	Bezpośrednie inwestycje zagraniczne w Polsce po akcesji do Unii Europejskiej
Title	The direct foreign investment in Poland after accession into EU
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Abstract	The accession of Poland to EU coincided with the growth phase of Polish economic cycle. However economies of western European countries had come into the phase of economic slowdown and western investors had been looking for the new areas of economic expansion, also among the new EU member countries. But the inflow of money into Poland in the form of Greenfi eld investments was lower than the amount of reinvesting profits and credits of companies, which gained foreign strategic investor before the accession. There have been used new efficient technologies – imported from Western Countries, which improved the competitiveness and modernity of goods produced in Poland. This process has been continued after the accession. The function of foreign capital in stimulation of Polish economy should not be assessed unambiguously, because the correlation ratio between the PKB growth and the inflow of Foreign Direct Investments is low. After accession the growth ratio was high as a result of activity of investors tightly connected with Polish market, which reinvested their profits for modernisation and extension of production. Synthetic indicator of the growth of wealth of Polish society was the increase of nominal GDP per capita – two and a half times – between 2000 and 2007. Although according to the purchasing power parity the GDP per capita has grown this time only about 50% (from 10,6 thou USD to 15,9 thou USD).
Cytowanie	Ancyparowicz G. (2009) Bezpośrednie inwestycje zagraniczne w Polsce po akcesji do Unii Europejskiej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 77: 89-103
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n77_s89.pdf