Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 2017 17(32) (4)

Autor	Adam Andrzejuk,
Tytuł	Comparison of Agriculture Biotechnology and its Spatial Diversification among Different Countries of the World
Title
Słowa kluczowe	agriculture biotechnology, biotech crops, biotechnology, research and development, genetically modified crops, R&D expenditures, countries
Key words
Abstrakt	The importance of biotech crops have risen dramatically in the last two decades since their first commercialization. The area of those crops is increasing fast. Soybeans, maize, canola and cotton represent almost 100 percent of area cultivated with biotech crops globally. The number of countries growing biotech crops is also increasing, however currently the United States, Brazil and Argentina are responsible for the largest share of biotech crops among all countries. In 2016, those countries accounted for more than 81% of total world biotech crop area. Judging the potential to introduce new biotechnology, currently the country with the highest number of biotechnology companies is the US followed by Spain and France. In terms of spending on R&D the US is followed by France, Switzerland and South Korea. It must be noted that the highest number of biotech companies and the highest spending is concentrated in the US. Agricultural biotechnology constitute only a small percentage of all biotechnology R&D expenditures.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Andrzejuk A. (2017) Comparison of Agriculture Biotechnology and its Spatial Diversification among Different Countries of the World.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 11-20
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s11.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.77

Autor	Urszula Bronisz, Andrzej Jakubowski,
Tytuł	Rural Tourism as a Factor Stimulating the Development of Border Areas – The Case of Lubelskie Voivodeship
Title
Słowa kluczowe	rural tourism, border areas, Lubelskie Voivodeship, Poland
Key words
Abstrakt	This article aims to evaluate the level of tourism potential for the communities located in the eastern border region of the Lubelskie Voivodeship in Poland. The analysis was based on a three-factor model consisting of separate interrelated components of tourism potential i.e. tourist attractiveness, tourist function and tourist traffic. Using a multidimensional comparative analysis, a Tourist Attractiveness Index, Tourist Function Index and Tourist Traffic Index were composed. This enabled to identify the territorial units for which rural tourism can become a real factor stimulating socio-economic development. It appears that rural tourism can be perceived as a chance for improving the local economy for the areas located in the northern part of the borderland, whereas for communities situated in the southern part, it is not a significant issue.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Bronisz U., Jakubowski A. (2017) Rural Tourism as a Factor Stimulating the Development of Border Areas – The Case of Lubelskie Voivodeship.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 21-30
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s21.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.78

Autor	Ewa Cieślik,
Tytuł	The New Silk Road: Seeking Opportunities for Polish Exports in the Chinese Market
Title
Słowa kluczowe	China, Poland, economic relations, New Silk Road
Key words
Abstrakt	The paper presents preliminary studies related to the problems of the New Silk Road and its influence on the Polish economy. The aim of the report is to define tendencies in the trade exchange between Poland and China and to evaluate the capacity of Polish exports to the Chinese market. The paper tries to answer the question whether the contemporary structure of Polish exports to the Chinese market allows for the full use of the potential of the Middle Kingdom market. In the study, the indicative trade potential was used.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Cieślik E. (2017) The New Silk Road: Seeking Opportunities for Polish Exports in the Chinese Market .Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 31-40
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s31.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.79

Autor	Nadiya Davydenko, Natalia Wasilewska,
Tytuł	Paradigm of Financial Provision of the Agricultural Land Restoration in Ukraine
Title
Słowa kluczowe	financial provision of agricultural land restoration, state strategy, agrarian sector, agrarian enterprises, restoration of land resources, financing programs, preferential loans
Key words
Abstrakt	The purpose of the research was to determine the system of measures aimed at financial provision of restoration and improvement of the fertility of the agricultural lands, which are an important part of the state strategy for the development of the Ukrainian economy agrarian sector. Characteristics of land use in European countries and Ukraine were presented. The sources of financial provision of agricultural land restoration were analyzed. The measures aimed at successful restoration of fixed assets of agrarian enterprises, in particular land resources are proposed.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Davydenko N., Wasilewska N. (2017) Paradigm of Financial Provision of the Agricultural Land Restoration in Ukraine .Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 41-51
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s41.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.80

Autor	Marta Domagalska-Grędys,
Tytuł	Relational Premises in the Cooperation Between Farms with Conservative Breeds and Industry Organisations
Title
Słowa kluczowe	network relationships, producers and breeders of conservative breeds, industry organisations
Key words
Abstrakt	The main aim of the study was to indicate relational premises in the cooperation between industry organisations and farms with conservative breeds (cattle, pigs, and sheep). It has been assumed that the processes of integration of domestic animal breeders depend on the state of the relationships established (in terms of quality, sustainability, dependence and uniqueness) with industry organisations. The research was carried out on the basis of an interview questionnaire (in 2017) with farmers from south-eastern Poland, representatives of organisations, and a review of secondary sources describing the activities of industry organisations since the beginning of their existence. The specificity of the entities under analysis stems from their role and responsibilities. Breeders contribute to the growth of biodiversity, while industry organisations are an important partner in their relationships as they support farms (they mediate in the contracting process, organise trainings, represent the interests of producers in Poland and abroad). Preliminary results of the research indicate that the best conditions for cooperation are in the networks of breeders of conservative breeds of pigs as well as in interorganisational relationships with the ‘POLSUS’ industry organisation.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Domagalska-Grędys M. (2017) Relational Premises in the Cooperation Between Farms with Conservative Breeds and Industry Organisations.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 52-67
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s52.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.81

Autor	Edyta Gajos,
Tytuł	Implementation of Selected Sustainable Development Objectives in European Union Countries
Title
Słowa kluczowe	sustainable development, European Union, sustainable development objectives, greenhouse gas emission, energy efficiency, renewable energy
Key words
Abstrakt	The aim of the paper is to assess the implementation of selected sustainable development objectives in European Union countries with particular focus on Poland. Several different indicators were taken into account: greenhouse gas emission, share of renewable energy, GDP energy intensity and protection of environment and biodiversity, which cover goals set in The Europe 2020 Strategy, among others: reduction of carbon dioxide emission, increase share of renewable energy usage, increase the effectiveness of energy usage, preservation of biodiversity. It was found, that European Union countries generally strive towards achieving those goals, though the effectiveness differs among them. Poland positively pursues all discussed issues. However, is not the leader in any of them. It is important to underline, that analysed data seem to allow to say, that it is possible to achieve objectives set in Europa 2020 Strategy.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Gajos E. (2017) Implementation of Selected Sustainable Development Objectives in European Union Countries.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 68-77
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s68.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.82

Autor	Saleamlak Getahun,
Tytuł	Review of Inclusive Growth and other Alternatives to Confront Authoritarian Populism
Title
Słowa kluczowe	authoritarian populism; emancipatory politics; inclusive growth
Key words
Abstrakt	Our world has gone through myriad forms of administrative and economic ideological eras, some of which helped positively and others contributed regressively. Recently, the rise of authoritarian populism as an alternative path to mainstream democracy stems from the failure of inclusiveness in the political and economic institutions especially in the rural world. Due to extractive capitalism, nowadays, rural areas are characterized by persistent poverty, deep inequalities, marginalization and exclusion, fractured identities and loss of self-esteem, which in turn engenders a regressive politics dubbed 'authoritarian populism'. It endangers our future unless we confront it and it has gained momentum by winning national elections in some countries. Alternatively, inclusive growth that would successfully share benefits to the rural people via inclusive political and economic institutions could be able to transform the rural poor. Endorsing and supporting this option with emancipatory rural politics, therefore, saves globalization from a looming collapse and ultimately culminates the world to a new level of civilization.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Getahun S. (2017) Review of Inclusive Growth and other Alternatives to Confront Authoritarian Populism.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 78-84
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s78.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.83

Autor	Anna Górska, Monika Krawiec,
Tytuł	Statistical Analysis of Soft Commodities Returns in the Period 2007-2016
Title
Słowa kluczowe	soft commodities, distributional characteristics, correlation, trend, autocorrelation
Key words
Abstrakt	Soft commodities, often referred to as tropics, constitute a significant element of international trade and are also important to the Polish economy. Moreover, Polish investors may invest in foreign markets of soft commodities through commodity-linked ETFs, offered by some brokerage houses. Obviously, each investment decision should be preceded by an analysis of asset performance. This paper provides results of statistical analysis of soft commodities returns over the period January 2007 to December 2016. They reveal the existence of weak positive correlation between the returns, non-normal distributions, negative trends, and serial autocorrelation.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Górska A., Krawiec M. (2017) Statistical Analysis of Soft Commodities Returns in the Period 2007-2016.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 85-94
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s85.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.84

Autor	Nataliya Horin,
Tytuł	Eco-innovative Activity of Ukrainian SMEs
Title
Słowa kluczowe	eco-innovation, innovative development, small, medium and large enterprises, exporters, foreign trade activity, Ukraine
Key words
Abstrakt	The study attempts to investigate the eco-innovative activity of Ukrainian enterprises according to their size (small, medium, and large) with special focus on SMEs as the predominant group of enterprises, which ensure the innovative development of the whole national economy, and is central to the efforts to achieve environmental sustainability and green growth. The empirical analysis is based on a questionnaire survey of 254 Ukrainian enterprises of different sizes; the survey presents data on their current state and foreign trade activity, opportunities and barriers for the implementation of technological innovations and eco-innovations. The relationships between the export and eco-innovative activities is also explored. The analysis showed that SMEs are less eco-innovative in comparison with large enterprises, have fewer numbers of exporters than large firms, but exporters are more eco-innovative than non-exporters. Also, the size of the Eco-innovation Index for Ukraine was calculated. Based on the obtained results, Ukraine is an economy with a low level of eco-innovativeness, so, the study is extremely important.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Horin N. (2017) Eco-innovative Activity of Ukrainian SMEs .Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 95-104
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s95.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.85

Autor	Vitalii Boiko, Yuriy Hubeni, Petro Olishchuk,
Tytuł	A Retrospective Evaluation of Rural Populations: Social and Economic Challenges, Expectations and Evaluation
Title
Słowa kluczowe	rural population, economic expectations, reform, agrarian transformation, sociology, Lviv, Ukraine
Key words
Abstrakt	In 1996 and 2016, respectively, the Independent Creative Group (ICG) conducted a comprehensive sociological study "Economic reform - the eye of the village." The aim of the project was to explore the evaluation of economic reform of rural populations in 5 areas: a) economic reform; b) quality of life and expectations; c) businesses; d) agricultural transformation; e) development of farming. The research was conducted in the form of "sociological fixation" expectations, estimates and other reactions to social challenges. The object of the study was a typical village of the Lviv region. The study confirmed the simultaneous increase of confidence in economic transformation and the growth of pessimism in the impact of reforms. The rural population understands the goals and objectives of reforms, and supports private property and the market economy. The standard of living has improved significantly, but it does not cover the real expectations of the population. Farmers understand the role and importance of entrepreneurship and accept new business entities. The study showed significant structural changes in the views and assessments of rural residents of the Lviv region. There is obvious public awareness of fundamental lifestyle changes in the countryside.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Boiko V., Hubeni Y., Olishchuk P. (2017) A Retrospective Evaluation of Rural Populations: Social and Economic Challenges, Expectations and Evaluation.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 105-110
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s105.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.86

Autor	Ľudmila Dobošová, Silvia Jacková, Mária Kadlečíková, Zuzana Kapsdorferová,
Tytuł	Food Security and Self-Sufficiency in Europe
Title
Słowa kluczowe	food security, food affordability, food availability, healthy diet, quality, Europe
Key words
Abstrakt	The submitted scientific paper deals with food security and self-sufficiency in Europe in EU-15 and EU-13 countries. The objective of this paper was to evaluate upon the basis of the Global Food Security Index, the overall food security situation in the European Union states. The countries are divided into two groups. The first is composed of fourteen selected states from the EU -15 and the second group is six selected states from the EU-13. In addition to the Food Security Index, the Food Affordability, Food Availability, and the Food Quality and Safety Indexes were also analyzed. The research data were obtained from the authors‘ own research based on the Global Food Security Index Report, and from FAO.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Dobošová Ľ., Jacková S., Kadlečíková M., Kapsdorferová Z. (2017) Food Security and Self-Sufficiency in Europe.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 111-119
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s111.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.87

Autor	Joanna Jaroszewska, Robert Pietrzykowski,
Tytuł	Convergence of the Labour Productivity in European Union Agriculture
Title
Słowa kluczowe	labour productivity, convergence, UE
Key words
Abstrakt	The objective of the paper is to examine the changes in the level of diversification of the labour productivity in the European Union countries in the years 1998-2015, and then to determine whether there is any convergence of the labour productivity among these countries. The labour productivity has been calculated as a relation of the gross value added at constant prices per one full-time employee. The study used the Economic Accounts for Agriculture (EAA) and the Agricultural Labour Input (ALI). The study covered the European Union countries, broken down by the countries of the „old” EU (EU-15) and the countries admitted to the EU after 2004. In order to determine the changes occurring in these countries, sigma-convergence (σ) and beta-convergence (β) have been used. The study shows that after 2011 there was a process of convergence among the EU countries in terms of the labour productivity in agriculture.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Jaroszewska J., Pietrzykowski R. (2017) Convergence of the Labour Productivity in European Union Agriculture.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 120-129
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s120.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.88

Autor	Elżbieta Kacperska,
Tytuł	Poland and the Czech Republic in the Process of Globalization
Title
Słowa kluczowe	globalization, globalization indices, effects of globalization, threats of globalization, economic growth, Poland, Czech Republic
Key words
Abstrakt	The purpose of an article was to analyses complexity of the globalization process and its effects for the functioning of the Polish and Czech economies. In addition to the opportunities and threats of the globalization process, the study includes an analysis of the primary indicators for both economies, i.e. GDP, participation in foreign trade, flow of foreign investment and ranking of the KOF globalization index.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Kacperska E. (2017) Poland and the Czech Republic in the Process of Globalization.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 130-142
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s130.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.89

Autor	Marzena Kacprzak, Agnieszka Król, Izabela Wielewska,
Tytuł	Human Capital on the European Labour Market
Title
Słowa kluczowe	human capital, European Union, labour market, competence
Key words
Abstrakt	Efficient use of human capital and taking care of its quality in the global labour market is becoming a priority. This is primarily due to the need to function in a multicultural environment, growing competition and population aging. This article is an attempt to systematise knowledge about human capital and its use in the labour market. Attention is being drawn to the effective use of capital, including implementation of European strategies, as well as trends and challenges facing key employment issues. In addition, an effort has been made to identify key employee competencies reflecting global labour market trends. The article shows the importance of quality and investment in human resources, which is associated with the use of EU projects and programmes targeted at young people on the labour market.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Kacprzak M., Król A., Wielewska I. (2017) Human Capital on the European Labour Market.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 143-150
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s143.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.90

Autor	Andrzej Ferenc, Ewa Koreleska,
Tytuł	Functioning of “Organics Cluster” in the French National and Regional Market of Organic Food
Title
Słowa kluczowe	cluster, organic food, organic farming, organic market, integration, France
Key words
Abstrakt	The main aim of this study is to identify a model organic food cluster situated on the territory of a selected European Union country and its operation effects. In the first part of the study a selected food market of France is characterized as a reference point of further analyses and studies. The data was obtained from French domestic reports which cover years 2007-2016. Dynamics of changes has been defined as well as the trends characteristic of the analyzed period. The method of least squares has been used. Moreover, a definition and the importance of clusters has been presented on the basis of the literature of that topic. The part of the study includes a description of functioning of a selected French organic food cluster is described and evaluated. The method of case study has been used. It has been found that in 2007-2016 the eco-sector in France has developed significantly. A distinctly rising linear trend in the number of organic farms, ecological companies, ecologically cultivated land, the size of the market and degree of French people's knowledge of organic food labels has been reported for the eco-branch in France. As many as 112 projects have been implemented in the analyzed cluster. Those projects involved innovative and export undertakings which allowed to achieve a competitive advantage on the domestic market and even abroad. Positive effects also include possibility of experience exchange and financial support particularly important for young entrepreneurs.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Ferenc A., Koreleska E. (2017) Functioning of “Organics Cluster” in the French National and Regional Market of Organic Food.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 151-160
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s151.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.91

Autor	Grzegorz Koszela, Luiza Ochnio,
Tytuł	Changes in Consumer Food Preferences in EU Countries from 2001-2013
Title
Słowa kluczowe	dissimilarity of structures, synthetic rate, ranking, multidimensional data analysis, grade data analysis, consumer food preferences, EU
Key words
Abstrakt	This paper attempts to rank EU countries according to changes in consumer food preferences between 2001 and 2013. The size of these changes was determined using a synthetic rate created for this purpose. This rate was intended to accommodate changes in consumption levels in 9 product groups per capita. It turns out that we may use the greatest possible measure of the structure’s dissimilarity as an analogy to the Gini coefficient, to express this rate. Using the “ar” measure to compare structures of food consumption in two separate three-year time periods for each country, scientists may rank and group the countries according to the value of changes in consumer food preferences.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Koszela G., Ochnio L. (2017) Changes in Consumer Food Preferences in EU Countries from 2001-2013.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 161-171
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s161.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.92

Autor	Dorota Kozioł-Kaczorek,
Tytuł	The Plant Production in Norway
Title
Słowa kluczowe	plant production, climate conditions, topography, subsidies, agriculture in Norway
Key words
Abstrakt	A problem of the Norwegian agricultural policy, a description of the current types of subsidies for plant production and ongoing changes in the plant production in the years 2001 – 2016 is presented in this paper. There are also short information about topography of Norway and climate conditions. The main aim of the publication is to characterize changes in the plant production in the considered period. There is not too many publications about the Norwegian agriculture and plant production. The data from Statistiska Sentralbyrå (Statistics Norway) were used in the quantitative analysis. The results indicate the slight changes in the plant production in Norwegian agriculture i.e. decrease of number of holdings with plant, decrease of area of crops and size of yields.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Kozioł-Kaczorek D. (2017) The Plant Production in Norway.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 172-181
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s172.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.93

Autor	Łukasz Kryszak, Jakub Staniszewski,
Tytuł	The Elasticity of Agricultural Income in the EU Member States Under Different Cost Structures
Title
Słowa kluczowe	agricultural income, cost structure, European Union, income elasticity
Key words
Abstrakt	The aim of this paper was to determine whether the EU countries which vary in terms of their cost structure in agriculture, differ also with regard to the influence of capital-labour ratio and land supply per worker on labour profitability. It was assumed that data concerning the presence and character of those differences can contribute to better understanding of the nature of agricultural development in the EU countries. The main sources of data used in this paper were the Economic Accounts for Agriculture (Eurostat) and the FAOStat database. The study covered the period of 2004-2014. In the article it was shown that agriculture in the EU countries is varied in terms of cost structure, and in the cluster II, including mostly the countries of the so-called “new” EU, intermediate consumption is of relatively larger significance for their cost structure. In the countries of the “old” EU an important role is played by the depreciation of buildings and external services. Stronger influence of capital-labour ratio on the payment to the factor of labour was observed in the cluster II countries. In those countries, increasing capital expenditures was a more efficient strategy to increase income.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Kryszak Ł., Staniszewski J. (2017) The Elasticity of Agricultural Income in the EU Member States Under Different Cost Structures.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 182-192
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s182.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.94

Autor	Julian Krzyżanowski,
Tytuł	The Standard Model of Trade and the Marshall – Lerner Condition
Title
Słowa kluczowe	standard trade model, Marshall-Lerner condition, revaluation, elasticities, balance of trade
Key words
Abstrakt	There are similarities between standard trade model and Marshall-Lerner condition. However, in order to see whether the condition can work both ways (with decrease and increase of the currency exchange rate), and the properties of this model could be thoroughly utilized, the revaluation case is being considered. The J-curve effect is also being examined. Looking at further research ideas, the Marshall–Lerner condition could be a complimentary tool in explaining the standard model.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Krzyżanowski J. (2017) The Standard Model of Trade and the Marshall – Lerner Condition.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 193-198
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s193.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.95

Autor	Maurycy Graszewicz, Justyna Łapińska, Ewa Zdunek-Rosa,
Tytuł	Poland's Competitive Position in Trade in Agri-Food Products with the United Kingdom – Selected Aspects
Title
Słowa kluczowe	competitive position, agri-food products, foreign trade
Key words
Abstrakt	Thirteen years have passed since Poland's accession to the European Union. This is a period long enough to make some generalisations over the accession results. This paper focuses on assessing the competitive position of Poland in trade in agri-food products with one of its most important trading partners – the United Kingdom. For this purpose, quantitative indexes of competitive positioning were used, in particular, the trade coverage ratio as well as the revealed comparative advantage indexes – RCAi and LFIi. The conducted analyses show that Poland's competitive position in agri-food trade with the United Kingdom improved markedly over the period considered. The dynamic growth in trade, especially in exports, a significant increase in the trade balance surplus, and generally favourable comparative advantage indexes for Poland show that the period of EU membership has been well utilised by Polish food producers. Polish food is increasingly eagerly bought by demanding British consumers.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Graszewicz M., Łapińska J., Zdunek-Rosa E. (2017) Poland's Competitive Position in Trade in Agri-Food Products with the United Kingdom – Selected Aspects.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 199-209
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s199.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.96

Autor	Katarzyna Łukasiewicz,
Tytuł	Perspectives of Agritourism Development in Poland, Belarus and Ukraine
Title
Słowa kluczowe	agritourism, Poland, Belarus, Ukraine, perspective, SWOT analysis
Key words
Abstrakt	Agritourism is a form of leisure, which is increasingly popular. The aim of the article is to present perspectives on the development of agritourism in three countries: Poland, Belarus and Ukraine. The analysis was based on statistical data and the author's own observations. The article also includes a SWOT analysis. The analysis, own observations and observations indicate that in all three countries agritourism has a chance for development. The analysed countries differ in their tourist potential, infrastructure, landscape values, monuments, but one thing they do - tourists want to visit them.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Łukasiewicz K. (2017) Perspectives of Agritourism Development in Poland, Belarus and Ukraine.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 210-217
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s210.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.97

Autor	Małgorzata Matyja,
Tytuł	A Comparative Study of Profitability of Agricultural Cooperatives in Poland and Around the World
Title
Słowa kluczowe	agricultural cooperatives, profitability, analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis test, Poland
Key words
Abstrakt	The differences in perception and functioning of agricultural cooperatives in different parts of the world are visible to the naked eye. Moreover, the literature brings different findings in respect to comparisons between cooperatives and non-cooperatives in terms of profitability. The purpose of this article was to identify the differences in profitability between agricultural cooperatives in selected parts of the world as well as between cooperatives and other enterprises in Polish agriculture. The description of results of the world report on cooperatives and analysis of variance on 300 agricultural enterprises in Poland were used in order to accomplish the above purpose. The main findings prove that American agricultural cooperatives achieved the best profitability results and that cooperatives have lower profitability than other enterprises in agriculture.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Matyja M. (2017) A Comparative Study of Profitability of Agricultural Cooperatives in Poland and Around the World.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 218-227
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s218.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.98

Autor	Agnieszka Parlińska, Maria Parlińska,
Tytuł	The Crop Insurance Systems in Poland Towards the EU
Title
Słowa kluczowe	crop insurance, subsidies, risk
Key words
Abstrakt	The increasing number of unfavorable conditions of agricultural production causes the farmers to suffer severe losses in their activity. At the same time, the increase in the profitability of agricultural production, the support of numerous European Union funds, led to increased interest in insurance as an instrument supporting agricultural risk management. Hence, both the agricultural industry and the insurance industry see the need to create an effective agricultural and livestock insurance system. The paper examines the changes and scope of crop insurance in Poland towards the European Countries. There were presented issues connecting to policies, regulation and state aid rules, crop insurance level in EU countries and characteristic of the crop insurance market – case study Poland. There was used descriptive and comparative methods, as well as the selected statistical method. The analysis was performed in the years 2005-2016.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Parlińska A., Parlińska M. (2017) The Crop Insurance Systems in Poland Towards the EU.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 228-235
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s228.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.99

Autor	Karolina Pawlak,
Tytuł	Importance and Comparative Advantages of the EU and US Agri-food Sector in World Trade in 1995-2015
Title
Słowa kluczowe	international competitiveness, comparative advantages, export specialisation, agri-food products, world trade, the EU, the US
Key words
Abstrakt	The aim of the paper was to examine the evolution of the importance and comparative advantages of the EU and US agri-food sector in world trade in 1995-2015. The research is based on data from UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) resources. The following indicators were used in the comparative advantage analysis: Balassa’s Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Vollrath’s Revealed Competitiveness (RC), the Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA), and the Lafay’s Trade Balance Index (TBI). In 1995-2015, the EU countries and the US were the largest players of world trade in agri-food products. The EU countries held comparative advantages in the global market as regards exports of products of animal origin whereas the exports of cereals, preparations of cereals, oilseeds and oleaginous fruits and meat products were the source of revealed comparative advantages for the US. Both the EU countries and the US reached high comparative advantages in trade in those assortment groups which corresponded to their highest shares in global exports and generated a high, consistently increasing positive trade balance. Therefore, their comparative advantages were the source of their favourable export specialisation profile, which is consistent with the classical comparative costs principle.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Pawlak K. (2017) Importance and Comparative Advantages of the EU and US Agri-food Sector in World Trade in 1995-2015 .Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 236-248
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s236.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.100

Autor	Jacek Pera,
Tytuł	Linear and Non-linear Relationships Between Shares of the Agri-food Industries of the Warsaw Stock Exchange. Risk Aspect
Title
Słowa kluczowe	shares, risk, causal linear relationship, non- causal linear relationship, agri-food industry
Key words
Abstrakt	Despite a wide range of research on the agricultural market conducted so far, relatively little attention has been devoted to a comprehensive analysis of linear and non-linear causality in relation to the entire agri-food sector in Poland, in the context of risk. The objective of this study is therefore to analyze the linear and non-linear relationships between shares of WSE's agri-food industry sectors in terms of risk. The study covered three sectors of agri-food sector currently existing on the WSE (29 listed companies): Foods (21 listed companies), Agricultural Production and Fisheries (5 listed companies) and Food and Foodstuffs and fast-trafficking foodstuffs (3 listed companies). The existence of linear relationships was verified using the test procedure proposed by Hong, Liu, Wang and Łęt, while non-linear relationships were verified using the Diks-Panchenko, Orzeszko and Osińska tests’s. The study was carried out on the basis of data from companies of the agri-food industry listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange in the period from 1 May 2010 to 1 May 2017. The chosen research methodology was dictated by the correlation with investment risk on the WSE. The strongest and most enduring dependencies have been found in the agricultural and fisheries sectors. In the foodstuff sector and the fast-marketable sector, the risk of investment in the listed companies was temporary.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Pera J. (2017) Linear and Non-linear Relationships Between Shares of the Agri-food Industries of the Warsaw Stock Exchange. Risk Aspect.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 249-262
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s249.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.101

Autor	Piotr Pomichowski,
Tytuł	Comparison of Poland's Agrarian Structure with other EU Countries Using Cluster Analysis
Title
Słowa kluczowe	agricultural holdings problems, farm fragmentation, agrarian structure, cluster analysis
Key words
Abstrakt	The analysis of agrarian structure of agricultural holdings in Poland was carried out in comparison with other EU countries. The study was conducted on the 2005 and 2013 data derived from Eurostat databases by means of cluster analysis. The results of the analysis confirmed the hypothesis of improvement of the agrarian structure of agricultural holdings in Poland vis-a-vis other EU countries. An increase in the average farm size was observed with a decrease in the number of entities.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Pomichowski P. (2017) Comparison of Poland's Agrarian Structure with other EU Countries Using Cluster Analysis.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 263-270
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s263.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.102

Autor	Anna Rytko,
Tytuł	The Economic Development in the Context of the Development of Foreign Trade in Poland – a Comparison to some EU Countries
Title
Słowa kluczowe	economic growth, export diversification, export competitiveness, comparative advantage
Key words
Abstrakt	The themes of the impact of foreign trade on economic growth has been repeatedly assumed by investigators and were most often related to various aspects: the openness of the economies, economic prosperity, competitiveness and diversification of export. The objective of the research was the evaluation of changes in economic development and the development of foreign trade in Poland comparing them with the EU and some EU countries. Particular attention was given to the issue of diversification and competitiveness of exports by putting the hypothesis that the greater product diversification of Polish export, the greater its competitiveness, which leads to economic growth. The work uses the following test methods: descriptive methods, statistical methods, the indexing methods of which Indicator of the Absolute Deviations and Revealed Comparative Advantages were calculated. Export diversification can lead to speeding up the pace of economic growth. By analyzing in detail the situations in Poland can conclude that it is advisable to diversify of the export structure.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Rytko A. (2017) The Economic Development in the Context of the Development of Foreign Trade in Poland – a Comparison to some EU Countries.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 271-279
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s271.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.103

Autor	Filip Kłobukowski, Magdalena Skotnicka, Maria Śmiechowska,
Tytuł	Prospects for Development of Highly Satiating Foods in Poland
Title
Słowa kluczowe	functional food, highly satiating food, obesity, Poland
Key words
Abstrakt	The high level of competition between food products on the market has encouraged the development of various types of functional foods. Consumer demands and requirements for both medicinal and healthy products has caused food manufacturers to widen their product offerings. The objective of this study was to present the legal status of functional food production and sales, as well as analyse the possibilities of developing customized foods, in particular, highly satiating foods. In this time of obesity epidemic, the use of specifically designed food products which suppress hunger and give the feeling of satiety could be an effective tool in preventing obesity and controlling body mass. There is an optimistic prognoses that this type of food will be introduced on the Polish market.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Kłobukowski F., Skotnicka M., Śmiechowska M. (2017) Prospects for Development of Highly Satiating Foods in Poland.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 280-291
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s280.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.104

Autor	Joanna Smoluk-Sikorska,
Tytuł	Distribution of Organic Food in Poland
Title
Słowa kluczowe	organic food, distribution, retail, product range, supply sources, price level, Poland
Key words
Abstrakt	Distribution of organic food in Poland has a number of weaknesses resulting from low and irregular supply as well as dispersion of producers and intermediaries. The paper presents the outcomes of research carried out in 2012 in three types of retail outlets offering organic food, i.e. specialist shops, groceries and retail networks. The investigation was conducted in the form of in-depth interviews using a standardised questionnaire. As the research shows, only in specialist stores does the product range satisfy consumer needs, whereas in the other outlets it is limited generally to processed products. Wholesalers, organic farms and brokers are the main providers of the surveyed retail outlets; nevertheless, specialist shops use the services of more providers than the other types of outlets. Low supply of organic food results in high retail prices. Specialist shops and groceries apply margins up to 40% on average, while retail networks have margins up to 20%.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Smoluk-Sikorska J. (2017) Distribution of Organic Food in Poland.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 292-301
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s292.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.105

Autor	Ewa Wasilewska,
Tytuł	Demographical Ageing of the EU Member States’ Societies
Title
Słowa kluczowe	population ageing, demographical ageing, measures of demographical senility, European Union Member States
Key words
Abstrakt	A spatial differentiation of the level of demographical senility was illustrated in the study, along with determination of dynamics of the European Union Member States ageing process (EU 27). The research period included years 1996-2016. The measures of demographical senility were used in the static and dynamical aspect. Country grouping due to the level of demographical senility advancement was performed based on statistical measures. A significant differentiation of the demographical senility level and population ageing process in the spatial system were found. The highest degree of demographical senility advancement was observed in the countries of “the old” Union but the greatest dynamics of this process was shown in the case of new Member States, including Poland and Baltic States.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Wasilewska E. (2017) Demographical Ageing of the EU Member States’ Societies.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 302-315
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s302.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.106

Autor	Andrzej Wiatrak,
Tytuł	The Scope and Conditions of the European Union's Innovation Policy
Title
Słowa kluczowe	innovation, innovation policy, innovation policy tools
Key words
Abstrakt	This article aims to present the nature and the many directions of support for innovation processes in the EU on the one hand and to indicate the orientations of this support that could be used by Poland, including by agribusiness, on the other. The article covers the following: the nature, objectives and tools of innovation policy implementation, evolution of the European Union’s innovation policy, characteristics of EU innovation policy measures after 2010, and characteristics of EU innovation policy measures in agribusiness after 2010. It is clear from the discussion herein that innovative actions and their support in the EU encompass not only technological but also social and environmental issues, with innovation and its support being the cornerstones of various policies, hence it is important to address them systemically. In particular, tools for implementing innovation policy and innovation partnerships at various levels play a role in this respect. The article is based on the related literature as well as documents and materials concerning the EU’s innovation policy.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Wiatrak A. (2017) The Scope and Conditions of the European Union's Innovation Policy.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 316-325
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s316.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.107

Autor	Mykola Orlykovskyi, Ludwik Wicki, Lesia Zaburanna,
Tytuł	Agriculture in Poland and Ukraine – Potential and Dynamics of Changes in Production
Title
Słowa kluczowe	productivity gap, agriculture efficiency, production factors, agriculture development
Key words
Abstrakt	The article attempts to compare the importance of agriculture and the dynamics of its development in Ukraine and Poland. The most important constraints on the development of Ukrainian agriculture were identified, including the unregulated land market, lack of coherent support programs for agriculture and rural areas, poorly developed infrastructure of the agricultural environment and lack of capital for development. It was found that agriculture in Ukraine is characterized by a high growth rate of productivity and production. The observed output gap in relation to agriculture in Poland is about 10 years. The agricultural sector in Ukraine has about 10% share in generating GDP and as much as 40% share in exports. Such high importance can be maintained even in the conditions of economic development, as there are large reserves in the development of agribusiness. The most important development factors include the introduction of a coherent program for the development of the agribusiness sector, including production of goods with high added value and increasing the availability of capital for the development of agriculture. A great opportunity is the development of trade in the conditions of affiliation with the EU.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Orlykovskyi M., Wicki L., Zaburanna L. (2017) Agriculture in Poland and Ukraine – Potential and Dynamics of Changes in Production.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 326-338
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s326.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.108

Autor	Łukasz Zaremba,
Tytuł	Vegetables Price Volatility in Poland – Onion and Carrot Case
Title
Słowa kluczowe	price volatility, seasonal fluctuations, standard deviation, producer export price, onion, carrot
Key words
Abstrakt	There are the producers who takes the weakest position on the agricultural market. Their activity is especially exposed to the risk factors. Price volatility which stays behind the price risk is one of the most important threats for producers’ incomes. Economic stability is a base for investment and development. That is why the price volatility is worth to having a look at. There are two species examined in this paper: onion and carrot. Both have a significant share in Polish vegetable production. Onion crops are mostly exported but carrot is being sold on the domestic market. Apart from the sales market there was no significant difference in analyzed period between farm-gate price volatility for both species. The measured volatility was getting lower in consecutive years of analyzed period; only in years of unfavorable weather conditions there were some growth. The analyze was conducted with usage of descriptive statistic on the logarithmic rates of return.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Zaremba Ł. (2017) Vegetables Price Volatility in Poland – Onion and Carrot Case.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 17(32), z. 4: 339-345
Pełny tekst	PRS_2017_T17(32)_n4_s339.pdf
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DOI	10.22630/PRS.2017.17.4.109