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Autor	Katarzyna Drabarczyk, Katarzyna Kułaga, Joanna Wrzesińska-Kowal
Tytuł	Zróżnicowanie rozwoju handlu wewnętrznego w Polsce według województw w latach 2005–2014
Title	Differentiation of development of internal trade in Poland by regions in the years 2005–2014
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	domestic trade, sorting line, retail and wholesale
Abstrakt
Abstract	The article presents the changes observed in the internal trade in Poland in 2004–2015. The aim of the study is to determine the degree of development of internal trade in individual regions in Poland. The second aim is to create ranking for Polish regions for 2014 using four methods of linear ordering. These methods are as follows: standardization, zero unitarization, Z. Hellwig and TOPSIS. In accordance with the selection supporting procedure the ranking best-reflecting real trade development was chosen. The significant role of trade sector in the economy and labour market was emphasized.
Cytowanie	Drabarczyk K., Kułaga K., Wrzesińska-Kowal J. (2016) Zróżnicowanie rozwoju handlu wewnętrznego w Polsce według województw w latach 2005–2014.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 116: 81-94
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2016_n116_s81.pdf

Autor	Kinga Gruziel
Tytuł	Zasady prowadzenia i opodatkowania sprzedaży bezpośredniej przetworzonych produktów rolnych w Polsce
Title	Carrying out and taxation principles of direct sales of processed agricultural products in Poland
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	direct sales, agricultural production, tax obligation, income tax
Abstrakt
Abstract	This paper presents decisions in force regarding legal acts regulating the direct sales by farmers in Poland. The current definition of direct sale, the conditions for its implementation and the principles of formation of the tax obligation are presented. Additionally, it presents the most important issues related to the carrying out direct sales of agricultural products by farmers. The principles of direct sales by farmers, the events which lead to the creation of the tax obligation connected with this sale and tax rules were discussed
Cytowanie	Gruziel K. (2016) Zasady prowadzenia i opodatkowania sprzedaży bezpośredniej przetworzonych produktów rolnych w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 116: 95-104
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2016_n116_s95.pdf

Autor	Adam Andrzejuk
Tytuł	Produkcja i handel kawą na świecie i w Polsce
Title	The analysis of trends in production and trade of coffee worldwide and in Poland
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	coffee, coffee types, prices of coffee beans, production of coffee, trade in coffee, price differences
Abstrakt
Abstract	This article presents the world coffee market, coffee production in the developing countries, and international trade in coffee. The research concerns the leading countries of coffee beans production, the main importers and processors of coffee, and levels of production and trade of coffee in separate periods. The article also presents the main countries behind re-export of coffee beans. The analysis shows the increasing price difference between grains sold in the exporting countries and markets where coffee processing and consumption takes place. Issues of small- and medium-sized agricultural producers and their dependence on the price of grains, were pointed out, especially in African countries. The article shows the role of Poland in the international grain coffee trade.
Cytowanie	Andrzejuk A. (2016) Produkcja i handel kawą na świecie i w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 116: 105-117
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2016_n116_s105.pdf

Autor	Beata Horbowiec, Aneta Kalisiak, Aldona Zawojska
Tytuł	Źródła finansowania produkcji i inwestycji w indywidualnych gospodarstwach rolnych w Polsce
Title	Sources of financing of production and investments in individual farms in Poland
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	agricultural holdings, funding sources, own capital, direct payments, bank credits
Abstrakt
Abstract	This paper aims to present the sources of financing of farm production and investments as well as capital structure in individual farms in Poland over the 2004-2015 period. An overview of literature indicates a spectrum of financing sources for agricultural holdings. An analysis of existing empirical studies (conducted by other authors and the Central Statistical Office of Poland – GUS) shows that the main and universal source of financing of both production and investment by Polish farms were their own resources. The EU funds, including agricultural direct payments, as well as state-subsidized bank loans were perceived by farmers as the most favourable instruments of external financing.
Cytowanie	Horbowiec B., Kalisiak A., Zawojska A. (2016) Źródła finansowania produkcji i inwestycji w indywidualnych gospodarstwach rolnych w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 116: 133-148
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2016_n116_s133.pdf

Autor	Ludwik Wicki
Tytuł	Zmiany produktywności czynników wytwórczych w polskim rolnictwie
Title	Changes in factor productivity in Polish agriculture
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	technological change, productivity, agriculture, production factors, land, labour, capital
Abstrakt
Abstract	The aim of the study is to determine the level and dynamics of changes in the productivity of the basic production factors in Polish agriculture for the years 1995–2015. The analysis was conducted on the basis of statistical data provided by the Central Statistical Office. Changes in the productivity of land, labour and capital were determined separately. There was a significant increase in the productivity of the basic production factors in Polish agriculture. Based on the value of commercial production as a measure, it was found that in the years 1995–2015 the land productivity has increased by 100%, labour productivity by 38% and capital productivity by 34%. The compound annual growth rates were amounted to 3.94, 2.39 and 1.34% respectively. Based on the research results one can say that technological changes in Polish agriculture are relatively land-saving and capital-intensive. The productivity growth in agriculture in the future will depend mainly on the dynamics of land concentration in larger farms and consequently increase of the production scale in agriculture.
Cytowanie	Wicki L. (2016) Zmiany produktywności czynników wytwórczych w polskim rolnictwie.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 116: 149-160
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2016_n116_s149.pdf

Autor	Krystyna Gutkowska, Iwona Kowalczuk, Anna Olewnik-Mikołajewska, Marta Sajdakowska, Sylwia Żakowska-Biemans
Tytuł	Oczekiwania konsumentów wobec innowacyjnych produktów żywnościowych pochodzenia zwierzęcego
Title	Consumer expectancies towards innovative animal-derived food products
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	consumer acceptance of innovations, products of animal origin, food products enrichment
Abstrakt
Abstract	The modern food market is characterized by very dynamic changes of its offer trying to meet the diverse and changing consumer preferences. At the same time, it is noted that among many new products on the market, there are some that exist longer, and others that do not, while the time of new products existing is determined mainly by the consumer acceptance. On the basis of both qualitative and quantitative data, it could be stated that consumers have relatively high level of acceptance of majority of the new food products of animal origin. However, higher consumer acceptance is stated for content modifications associated with reduction of components, which may have a negative effect on human health, whereas food products enrichment, even if associated with a positive impact on human health, was less accepted by consumers. The acceptance level of innovations in food products of animal origin depends on sociodemographic characteristics of consumers. Moreover, the level of acceptance is associated with innovators profile.
Cytowanie	Gutkowska K., Kowalczuk I., Olewnik-Mikołajewska A., Sajdakowska M., Żakowska-Biemans S. (2016) Oczekiwania konsumentów wobec innowacyjnych produktów żywnościowych pochodzenia zwierzęcego.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 116: 161-171
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2016_n116_s161.pdf

Autor	Lilianna Jabłońska, Maja Łazorczyk, Dawid Olewnicki
Tytuł	Znaczenie świeżych owoców i warzyw w codziennej diecie studentów warszawskich uczelni
Title	The significance of fresh fruit and vegetables in the daily diet of Warsaw universities students
Słowa kluczowe	owoce, warzywa, spożycie, studenci
Key words
Abstrakt	Celem badań było poznanie poziomu świadomości studentów warszawskich uczelni znaczenia owoców i warzyw dla człowieka oraz wpływu na tę świadomość i realną konsumpcję wiedzy otrzymywanej w trakcie studiów. Analizowano, jak studenci oceniają znaczenia owoców i warzyw w swojej codziennej diecie, częstość i wielkość spożycia, powody konsumowania lub jego braku oraz znaczenie wybranych wartości prozdrowotnych. Z badań wynika, iż warzywa i owoce odgrywają ważną rolę w diecie studenta. Świeże owoce spożywane są najczęściej raz dziennie (36,8%), warzywa 2–3 razy w tygodniu (32,6%). Największa świadomość wartości prozdrowotnych owoców i warzyw oraz największa ich konsumpcja cechuje studentów kierunków związanych z żywieniem człowieka.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Jabłońska L., Łazorczyk M., Olewnicki D. (2016) Znaczenie świeżych owoców i warzyw w codziennej diecie studentów warszawskich uczelni.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 116: 173-186
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2016_n116_s173.pdf

Autor	Pervez Akhtar
Tytuł	An analysis of capital structure determinants using the example of Pakistan’s cement sector companies listed on the Karachi stock exchange
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	capital structure determinants, cement sector, KSE Pakistan
Abstrakt
Abstract	This paper examines the capital structure determinants of Pakistan’s cement sector. The sample is based on 21 cement sector companies listed on the national stock exchange of Pakistan, the Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE). Debt/equity was taken as the dependent variable Chile independent variables were sales growth, profitability, financial cost, company size and tangibility. The overall results showed that financial cost and tangibility have positive relationship with the dependent variable. The three other variables growth, profitability and size are negatively correlated with leverage.
Cytowanie	Akhtar P.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n1_s5.pdf

Autor	Dariusz Chalimoniuk, Wojciech Pizło
Tytuł	The influence of the operational programme innovative economy on individuals at risk of the digital divide and their participation in the electronic economy
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	information society, digital divide (digital divide), Operational Programme
Abstrakt
Abstract	The article examines the influence of the Operational Programme Innovative Economy on individuals whose participation in the electronic economy is threatened by the digital divide. The aim was to diagnose the digital divide in the context of the Information Society and to assess the level of digital divide. The empirical material was a survey on a sample of 1,487 questionnaires, 1,402 of which were ultimately accepted and analysed. The sample consisted of individuals benefiting from the Operational Programme Innovative Economy – Measure 8.3, Counteracting Digital divide – eInclusion. The article presents the essence of the information society by looking at the ideas of A. Toffler, D. Bell, M. Castells, M. Bangemann and T. Goban-Class, as well as the nature of the digital divide and e-Inclusion. It was found that, after joining the programme, beneficiaries significantly increased their use of Internet encyclopedias (from 52 to 75.1%), as well as participation in online courses. Respondents also showed an increase in the use of electronic banking (the number of respondents who opened up an online bank account rose from 31.8 to 49.9%).
Cytowanie	Chalimoniuk D., Pizło W.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n1_s13.pdf

Autor	Izabela Dobrowolska
Tytuł	European Union policy for the socio-economic development of Africa
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	Africa, socio-economic development, the European Union, growth, prosperity
Abstrakt
Abstract	The main goal of the research was to show the European Union’s policy towards the regional development of the African continent. Recently, Africa has played a very important role on the international political arena and it has been empowered thanks to a plentiful supply of raw materials. The Communities’ help is based mainly on financial support and promotion of the Mediterranean area. Under the long-term cooperation between the two continents, many agreements, acts, and documents have been signed that would directly benefit the African states and indirectly help the entire European Union. While these documents and agreements cover a variety of matters, including environmental protection and human rights, they are diffuse and lack clear goals. The article relies on the relevant and current literature and a variety of statistics.
Cytowanie	Dobrowolska I.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n1_s25.pdf

Autor	Beata Kowalczyk
Tytuł	Changes to the system of direct payments in the framework of the CAP reform for the years 2014–2020
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	direct payment system, direct payment budget and rates, CAP reform
Abstrakt
Abstract	The article examines the changes that have been made to the direct payments system as a result of the most recent reform of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) for the years 2014–2020. It presents a model division of direct payment funds taken on by the countries and institutions of the EU, as well as changes to the national budgets and payments for 1 ha of agricultural land resulting from the redistribution and the ability to transfer funds between the CAP’s two pillars. It also presents solutions individual countries have used in choosing components available in the direct payment system and the division of national budgets allocated for their realisation. Results of the analysis show that the amount of direct payments in Poland has grown and that EU Member States have taken a variety of approaches to shaping the new national payment system.
Cytowanie	Kowalczyk B.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n1_s39.pdf

Autor	Mateusz Drzazga, Anna Karpa, Teresa Łaguna, Michał Pawelec, Mariusz Piórkowski
Tytuł	Customer transport preferences in services offered by the regional Olsztyn-Mazury airport in Szymany
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	air transport, regional airport, air transport offer, additional services, studying preferences
Abstrakt
Abstract	The aim of the study was to research, analyse and evaluate preferences concerning the services offered by the Regional Olsztyn-Mazury Airport in Szymany. A questionnaire was used as the research tool. The researched groups were students and employees of the Faculty of Economics of Warminsko-Mazurski University in Olsztyn. Number of 1,136 people, accounting for 38.77% of the student body and employees, responded. Thus they were statistically representative. The theoretical part of the paper discusses air transport in Poland. Definitions and features of the air transport market are presented, as are the relationship between supply and demand for passenger transport services. Information about Polish airports is presented along with development trends of the airports and the role of the regional airports. The empirical section presents the characteristics of Regional Olsztyn-Mazury Airport in Szymany. Questionnaire respondents were described by gender, age, occupation and income. The preferences of the interviewees concerning transport services offered by the airport are presented. The research shows that a significant numer of respondents would be unwilling to use the services, though there are factors that could encourage them (lower prices and more services). The article also examines demand for a list of frequently visited destinations, the reasons for travelling, and the need to adjust transport services to demand.
Cytowanie	Drzazga M., Karpa A., Łaguna T., Pawelec M., Piórkowski M.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n1_s53.pdf

Autor	Eugeniusz Michalski
Tytuł	International competitive intelligence
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	international trade, market, competition, commercial risk, price risk, international environment
Abstrakt
Abstract	Creating international competitive intelligence is the foundation of an enterprise’s entry and existence in a foreign market. Good preparation for international trade and the exchange of goods and services requires intelligence to be collected and examined. An enterprise needs to determine sources of competitive intelligence as well as set up foreign market entry strategies and activities under the existing conditions. For that, it must know the nature and scope of international competitive intelligence. To understand the factors shaping business activities, it should also study the competition between local and foreign enterprises in a foreign country, commercial organisations and risk in price fluctuations.
Cytowanie	Michalski E.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n1_s67.pdf

Autor	Tomasz Mutrynowski
Tytuł	Regulatory determinants of US automotive market structure – an overview
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	American automotive market, interventionism, General Motors, Ford, Chrysler
Abstrakt
Abstract	Governments have different measures at their disposal to influence the car market and thus achieve particular goals. Indirect interventionism, thanks to i.e. environmental regulation, should include social welfare. The American automotive market is more than 100 years old and has been the subject of various regulations that have shaped its structure. The Big Three of the US car industry (General Motors, Ford Motor Company, Chrysler) has changed over the last 50 years into The Big Six, which now includes Nissan, Honda, and Toyota. Analysis shows how fiscal and environmental policies influence particular sectors. This should be a revealing lesson for Polish automotive market regulators, especially when we need to deal with our own problems, such as the high average age of vehicles. The article also describes government activity in rescuing a key national economic sector. The financial crisis of 2008 showed that market mechanisms are not sufficient. Possible further losses related to the collapsing car industry forced the government to take control of the bankruptcy of GM and Chrysler.
Cytowanie	Mutrynowski T.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n1_s79.pdf

Autor	Katarzyna Podhorodecka
Tytuł	The impact of the global economic crisis on tourism in Cyprus
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	Cyprus, tourism economy, global economic crisis
Abstrakt
Abstract	The Global economic crisis had an impact on tourism movement all over the world and especially on island territories. However, some island territories coped better with the effects of the crisis than others. Cyprus was one that saw tourists visits return to pre-crisis levels. The main aim of the article was to examine how Cyprus dealt with the global economic crisis. Three questions were here posed: First, is there a correlation between the changes in the GDP growth rate in the main markets that send tourists to Cyprus and the changes in the number of tourist arrivals from these markets? Did the actions taken by the National Tourism Administration and National Tourism Organisation, during the global economic crisis, increase the number of tourist visits to the island? Was there, during the period analysed, a correlation between foreign tourists arrivals and Cyprus’ GDP growth rate? The methods used in the article included statistical analysis as well as analysis of the literature and of strategic documents. A correlation between the changes in GDP from the main markets and the number of tourists visiting Cyprus from these markets was observed. Moreover the actions taken by the National Tourism Administration were only partly effective. The correlation between the changes in foreign tourist arrivals visiting Cyprus and the changes in Cyprus’ GDP was estimated as weak.
Cytowanie	Podhorodecka K.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n1_s99.pdf

Autor	Aneta Szara
Tytuł	Talent management programmes in the retail industry designed for university graduates
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	development programmes, social competencies, manager competencies, trainings, mentoring, coaching
Abstrakt
Abstract	The article systematises issues concerning managerial skills development programmes dedicated to university graduates. Conclusions and recommendations have been collected to define key competencies and roles of people supporting participants as well as to establish a training scheme which allows graduates to move into their first managerial position. Recommendations are based on commentary from a case study done on a trade company analysed to define a development and conditioning programme for potential future managers. An important result was that such programmes reach out to young people preparing to hold a specialist or managerial position while also helping the organisation to provide good quality staff which realises the goals of the company. In other words, the analysis shows that the interests of both sides are consistent in career development. Moreover, the training programmes make it possible to realise the goals of the organisation.
Cytowanie	Szara A.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n1_s121.pdf

Autor	Zygmunt Waśkowski
Tytuł	Relationship management in effective sports sponsorship
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	sports sponsoring, partnership relations, sports marketing
Abstrakt
Abstract	Sponsoring on the sports market should be treated not as a promotional tool, but rather as the act of building a relationship network, which is created and developed as the partners cooperate. Such a point of view brings about new challenges connected to managing a sports organisation and requirements towards positioning sponsoring in the marketing communication strategy of the sponsor to emerge in the context of expected effectiveness of all activities. The cooperation between a sports organisation and a sponsor requires a processual approach and the implementation of rules favouring the process of building a partnership. The process of managing the relations in the relationship network should be analysed on the strategy level, and consider the business and the expectations of each partner. Because those expectations can differ, and there may be a relative lack of desire to cooperate, which is rather common on the Polish sports market, managing a relationship network is a challenge that is difficult to coordinate.
Cytowanie	Waśkowski Z.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n1_s135.pdf

Autor	Wojciech Wychowaniec
Tytuł	Age management as an opportunity to manage employees effectively in the light of demographic changes
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	age management, older workers, labour market
Abstrakt
Abstract	The goal of this article is to analyse the main threats and benefits that accompany the implementation of age management policy, a method that enables workers aged 45+ to be highly effective. The article presents a demographic prognosis on the changing structure of human capital in the labour market, which determines the growing importance of age management in enterprises. The text contains an analysis of the key threats arising from a lack of employer action on age management, and the benefits that may be gained from age management policy. The article also examined the inevitability of changes, which will appear in the age structure of Polish people in the labour market and in companies. These particular changes will determinate plenty of consequences, mostly for employers, because the new personnel will require a slightly different management approach. My intention is to adapt the work to the requirements of the scientific community, as well as to the needs of labour market experts and business practitioners. This is why the paradigm of radical humanism was chosen for the article.
Cytowanie	Wychowaniec W.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n1_s145.pdf

Autor	Agnieszka Biernat-Jarka, Paulina Trębska
Tytuł	The professional activity of women in NGOs in Poland
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	labour market, non-governmental organisation, women
Abstrakt
Abstract	The aim of the article is to assess the professional situation of women in non-governmental agencies in Poland. The study draws on data from Poland Central Statistical Office for empirical evidence. A review of the subject literature is done, and additional reports and published material from the Klon/Jawor Society complement the research. NGOs are a welcome manifestation of civic life in the European Union. In the development of the NGO sector, as in other sectors, the issue of diversity management, including equal opportunities for men and women, cannot be swept aside. In Poland there are tens of thousands of non-governmental organisations involved in sports, arts and culture, education, social assistance and healthcare.
Cytowanie	Biernat-Jarka A., Trębska P.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n2_s5.pdf

Autor	Piotr Gołasa
Tytuł	Economic determinants in the support of organic orchards laid down in the Rural Development Programme 2014–2020
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	Common Agricultural Policy, organic farming, orchard production
Abstrakt
Abstract	The aim of the article is to describe measures aimed at supporting organic orchards in the the RDP 2014–2020 and how that support differs from that offered by the RDP 2007–2013. Drawing on FADN data, the article presents the current economic situation fruit farms face and discusses the importance of subsidies for organic production for those farms’ incomes. The second part of the article examines the reasons the system of support for organic fruit farms was reformed and looks at the most important changes to the economic and legal determinants in the RDP 2014–2020 as they apply to the production of organic fruit farms. I assert that most of the new changes are justified and will allow real organic fruit farms to develop while also doing away with the planting of crops by farmers seeking merely to collect the subsidies for them.
Cytowanie	Gołasa P.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n2_s15.pdf