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Autor	Urszula Konarzewska, Grażyna Michalczuk
Tytuł	Inwestowanie społecznie odpowiedzialne jako kierunek rozwoju rynku kapitałowego
Title	SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE INVESTING AS THE DI-RECTION OF CAPITAL MARKET DEVELOPMENT
Słowa kluczowe	inwestowanie społecznie odpowiedzialne, strategie inwestowania społecznie odpowiedzialnego, rynek kapitałowy
Key words	socially responsible investing, socially responsible investing strategies, capital market
Abstrakt	Inwestowanie społecznie odpowiedzialne (SRI) staje się coraz szybciej rozwijającym się segmentem rynku kapitałowego. Dotyczy ono transakcji, w których cel inwestycyjny jest determinowany nie tylko kryteriami finansowymi (oczekiwaną stopą zwrotu i ryzykiem), ale również aspektami pozafinansowymi dotyczącymi kwestii środowiskowych, społecznych i związanych z ładem korporacyjnym (ESG).Celem artykułu jest diagnoza inwestowania społecznie odpowiedzialnego na rynkach kapitałowych w ujęciu przestrzennym. Dodatkowym celem jest identyfikacja strategii implementowanych przez inwestorów na poszczególnych rynkach.W artykule zastosowano klasyczne metody badawcze, takie jak: studium literatury odnoszącej się do problematyki inwestowania społecznie odpowiedzialnego, a także metoda analizy desk research oparta na dokumentach ukazujących tendencje w zakresie społecznie odpowiedzialnego inwestowania na świecie w ujęciu wartościowym oraz w przekroju strategii inwestycyjnych stosowanych przez inwestorów.Odnosząc się do statystyk, można zauważyć, że inwestowanie społecznie odpowiedzialne staje się znaczącą formą lokowania środków finansowych na globalnym rynku kapitałowym. W roku 2020 globalna wartość rynku SRI wyniosła ponad 35 bln dolarów. Nie jest to jednak rynek jednolity, o czym świadczy zróżnicowane tempo rozwoju inwestowania społecznie odpowiedzialnego w poszczególnych regionach świata. Jest to też rynek, który ewoluuje pod względem stosowanych strategii inwestycyjnych. Znajduje to odzwierciedlenie w odchodzeniu od podejmowania decyzji inwestycyjnych głównie z wykorzystaniem selekcji negatywnej na rzecz inwestycji dokonanych w oparciu o strategię związaną z integracją czynników ESG z tradycyjną analizą finansową.
Abstract	Socially responsible investing (SRI) is becoming an increasingly fast-growing segment of the capital market. It refers to transactions in which the investment objective is determined not only by financial criteria (expected rate of return and risk) but also by non-financial aspects related to environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG) issues.The aim of the article is to diagnose socially responsible investing in the capital markets in spatial terms. An additional aim is to identify the strategies implemented by investors in individual markets.The classical methods of research were used in this article, such as the study of the literature concerning socially responsible investing and the method of desk research based on documents showing global trends in socially responsible investing in terms of value and investment strategies used by investors.Referring to statistics, it can be seen that socially responsible investing becomes a significant form of locating funds in a global capital market. In 2020, the global value of the SRI market amounted to over USD 35 trillion. However, it is not a homogeneous market, as evidenced by thevarying rates of development of socially responsible investing in different regions of the world. It is also a market that evolves in terms of the investment strategies used. This is reflected in moving away from making investment decisions mainly with the use of negative/exclusionary screening toinvestments made on the basis of ESG integration.
Cytowanie	Konarzewska U., Michalczuk G. (2022) Inwestowanie społecznie odpowiedzialne jako kierunek rozwoju rynku kapitałowego.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 27(76): 43-57
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2022_n76_s43.pdf

Autor	S.H. Pushpa Malkanthi, S.D. Dilini Rathnachandra, W.A. Ruwani N. Weerasinghe
Tytuł	Consumers’ Awareness on Organic Food: Case of Urban Sri Lanka
Title	Consumers’ Awareness on Organic Food: Case of Urban Sri Lanka
Słowa kluczowe	consumers’ awareness, organic food, regression analysis, urban consumer, Sri Lanka
Key words	consumers’ awareness, organic food, regression analysis, urban consumer, Sri Lanka
Abstrakt	The organic food market is rapidly expanding all over the world with the recent rise of concern in food safety and environmental protection. Thus, examining information about consumers’ awareness on organic food is one of the inspiring areas for producers and marketers to capture a greater market share successfully. Therefore, this study aimed at analyzing the consumer awareness towards organic food products while addressing socio-demographic factors affecting consumer awareness on organic food, knowledge of consumers about organic food, and their purchasing pattern. A sample of 600 consumers was selected from the main cities of six urban districts in Sri Lanka for the study. Data were collected via a consumer survey using a pre-tested questionnaire, from November 2018 to May 2019. The data analysis was carried out using frequencies, percentages, and multiple linear regression analysis. According to the results, the majority of the respondents were married females. The results revealed that Sri Lankan consumers have a better awareness on organic food. The results of the regression analysis highlighted that the consumers’ awareness is significantly affected by factors such as gender, marital status, education, and monthly income. Although most respondents have a good level of awareness on organic food, their buying trend is at a lower level. The findings of the study play an important role in promoting the organic food market and are essential for food marketing planners, researchers, and policymakers to enhance the organic food industry in the country in the future.
Abstract	The organic food market is rapidly expanding all over the world with the recent rise of concern in food safety and environmental protection. Thus, examining information about consumers’ awareness on organic food is one of the inspiring areas for producers and marketers to capture a greater market share successfully. Therefore, this study aimed at analyzing the consumer awareness towards organic food products while addressing socio-demographic factors affecting consumer awareness on organic food, knowledge of consumers about organic food, and their purchasing pattern. A sample of 600 consumers was selected from the main cities of six urban districts in Sri Lanka for the study. Data were collected via a consumer survey using a pre-tested questionnaire, from November 2018 to May 2019. The data analysis was carried out using frequencies, percentages, and multiple linear regression analysis. According to the results, the majority of the respondents were married females. The results revealed that Sri Lankan consumers have a better awareness on organic food. The results of the regression analysis highlighted that the consumers’ awareness is significantly affected by factors such as gender, marital status, education, and monthly income. Although most respondents have a good level of awareness on organic food, their buying trend is at a lower level. The findings of the study play an important role in promoting the organic food market and are essential for food marketing planners, researchers, and policymakers to enhance the organic food industry in the country in the future.
Cytowanie	Malkanthi S., Rathnachandra S., Weerasinghe W. (2021) Consumers’ Awareness on Organic Food: Case of Urban Sri Lanka.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 21(36), z. 4: 25-36
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2021_T21(36)_n4_s25.pdf

Autor	Stefaniia Belinska, Ondrej Beňuš, Peter Bielik, Miriam Buliková
Tytuł	EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF TAX POLICY ON THE ASSETS OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE
Title
Słowa kluczowe	agricultural enterprise, tax, tax burden, tax implications, tax policy
Key words
Abstrakt	Every taxpayer is obliged to pay tax on their profits, but if taxpayers feel that the government is opaque and ineffective with their taxes, their willingness to pay taxes is reduced. At the same time, the higher the tax rate for tax subjects, the lower their interest in paying taxes. The optimal tax burden should be a burden that encourages people to work and stimulate businesses to create value. Each state seeks to maximize tax revenues as part of its tax policy, while at the same time ensuring that the tax system does not interfere with the economy or negatively affect the business environment. The state strives to maintain the most optimal state tax system and to support the market economy and competitiveness. Therefore, the state must have a tax administration that can collect taxes efficiently, and consequently, the tax system in the state should be such that the redistribution of collected taxes will be as efficient and fair as possible. The main goal of the article is to examine the dependence of tax policy on the agricultural business economy and find an effective variant of enterprise income taxation, which should have a positive impact on the business activity and competitiveness of companies in the selected sector of the economy and such taxation still would be beneficial for the state. The article will also set out some hypotheses based on the gained theoretical knowledge, as well as on the set research question.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Belinska S., Beňuš O., Bielik P., Buliková M.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2021_n5_s22.pdf

Autor	Linda Groma, Lasma Licite-Kurbe
Tytuł	IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN PRESERVING NATURAL CAPITAL IN LATVIA
Title
Słowa kluczowe	social entrepreneurship, sustainable entrepreneurship, environment
Key words
Abstrakt	With the increasing focus being placed on climate problems, the role of social entrepreneurship in the protection of nature and the environment becomes increasingly important in the world. The activities specified in the Sustainable Development Strategy of Latvia about the preservation of natural capital are performed by several social enterprises. The research aims to identify the role of social enterprises in performing the activities specified in the Sustainable Development Strategy of Latvia. The research has found that the Latvia 2030 strategy emphasizes the importance of fostering entrepreneurship about the preservation of natural capital as well as promoting sustainable lifestyle activities. The mentioned activities are relevant to social enterprises that are engaged in preserving and protecting the environment, as social entrepreneurs not only contribute to green entrepreneurship but also make significant investments in education and informing the public, as well as in the development of innovative entrepreneurship
Abstract
Cytowanie	Groma L., Licite-Kurbe L.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2021_n5_s44.pdf

Autor	Karol Sołek, Bogusław Ślusarczyk
Tytuł	ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS OF YOUNG CONSUMERS ON THE EXAMPLE OF STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF RZESZÓW
Title
Słowa kluczowe	ecological awareness, environmental protection, consumer behaviour
Key words
Abstrakt	The justification for the selection of the topic and undertaking the research were information gaps in the field of the behaviour of young consumers in the area of activities related to the environment. The study used a deliberate selection of the sample due to the direction and year of education, as well as the stratified selec_x0002_tion – the population structure and the divisions into layers according to specific characteristics were known. The technique of auditorium survey was used. The analysed students are characterised by a high level of environmental awareness and a sense of responsibility for them as informed and pragmatic consumers. They engage in pro-ecological behaviour and, as committed and ecological consumers, create the desired patterns of consumer behaviour. The analysed students have a sense of responsibility for the surrounding environ_x0002_ment, and the belief in individual influence is reflected in pro-ecological behaviour.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Sołek K., Ślusarczyk B.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2021_n5_s62.pdf

Autor	Paulina Trębska
Tytuł	FOOD SELF-SUPPLY IN NEW CONSUMER TRENDS
Title	Samozaopatrzenie żywnościowe w nowych trendach konsumenckich
Słowa kluczowe	food self-supply, consumption, prosumption, household, consumer trends.
Key words	samozaopatrzenie żywnościowe, konsumpcja, prosumpcja, gospodarstwo domowe, trendy konsumenckie.
Abstrakt	The article presents premises inscribing food self-supply in new trends occurring in consumer behavior and shows the opinions of consumers on food self-supply. The analysis used research conducted in 2017 in the Mazowieckie voivodship among representatives of rural households. Food self-supply is part of the concept of sustainable development and sustainable consumption. It is an example of the greening of consumption, and of conscious and collaborative consumption. The most important factors entering food self-supply into new consumer trends are natural and healthy food produced in accordance with sustainable development, care for health and the natural environment, cultivating traditions, but also product individualization related to the use of free time.
Abstract	W Artykule przedstawiono przesłanki wpisujące samozaopatrzenie żywnościowe w nowe trendy zachodzące w zachowaniach konsumentów oraz ukazanie opinii respondentów na temat samozaopatrzenia żywnościowego. W analizie wykorzystano badania własne przeprowadzone w 2017 roku w województwie mazowieckim wśród przedstawicieli wiejskich gospodarstw domowych. Samozaopatrzenie żywnościowe wpisuje się w koncepcję zrównoważonego rozwoju i zrównoważonej konsumpcji. Jest przykładem ekologizacji konsumpcji, konsumpcji świadomej i kolaboratywnej. Najważniejsze czynniki wpisujące samozaopatrzenie żywnościowe w nowe trendy konsumenckie to naturalna i zdrowa żywność produkowana w zgodzie ze zrównoważonym rozwojem, dbałość zdrowie i stan środowiska przyrodniczego, kultywowanie tradycji, ale także indywidualizacja produktowa związana z wykorzystaniem czasu wolnego.
Cytowanie	Trębska P. (2020) FOOD SELF-SUPPLY IN NEW CONSUMER TRENDS.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 23(72): 237-246
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2020_n72_s237.pdf

Autor	Vicky Katsoni, Tilemachos Koliopoulos
Tytuł	Innovative Airport Designs’ Infrastructures to supportan Integrated Sustainable Tourism Policy for SustainableDevelopment and Public Health Protection
Title
Słowa kluczowe	Sustainable tourism, ICTs – Technological innovation in airports, public healthprotection, sustainable designs in tourism, tourism marketing management, renewableresources
Key words
Abstrakt	In this paper are investigated actions for public health protection in airports’tourism facilities and actions that promote innovation at Airports’ sustainable constructioninfrastructures to minimize associated pollution threats. An integrated framework ispresented based on a comprehensive and analysis of the community airport tourism centersand sustainable design facilities in sustainable construction infrastructures in transportationrelated to waste management facilities and energy recovery from landfill emissions thatare produced at nearby places at airports. Research in Sustainable Airport Designs andInfrastructures is necessary to solve common operating problems, to adapt appropriate usefulinformation technologies, and to introduce innovations into the airport tourism industry. Thestudy reveals sustainability dimensions that are lagging or require much greater attention,such as sustainable designs, environmental management, monitoring, safety and public healthprotection of tourists at airport facilities. In this study are presented useful solutions forsustainable airport designs that promote sustainability supporting an Integrated SustainableTourism Policy for Public Health Protection and Sustainable Development within associatedinfrastructures and airport facilities. Useful conclusions are made for the airport tourismindustry, sustainable infrastructures, environmental technologies, renewable resources,sanitary facilities and associative infrastructures developing innovative near-term solutions tomeet demands placed on it.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Katsoni V., Koliopoulos T.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2020_n13_s43.pdf

Autor	Nining Kusnanik, Nurhasan Nurhasan, Panji Pambudi
Tytuł	Sustainable development of sport tourism in Banyuwangi
Title
Słowa kluczowe	sport tourism role, the effect on local content, sustainable development strategy
Key words
Abstrakt	This research has an aim to examine the role of Sport Tourism through the program ofBanyuwangi festival (B-Fest) and the impact of local content and deciding sustainable strategyof Sport Tourism Development. This research uses descriptive associative research methodwith qualitative and quantitative approach. Data Collection method done by observation,direct interview, questionnaire and collect the data from related instance. The result of thisanalysis shows that: (1) Banyuwangi Festival Program (B-fest) successfully increase the numberof visitor in Kawah Ijen and Pulau Merah within total contribution of 75.9%; (2) The effectof sport tourism toward the change of local community in Kawah Ijen, on economic aspectcontribute 100%. On social aspect contribute 11.6%. Environmental aspect, edelweiss flowerno longer to be seen, Javan lutung and deer are rarely to be seen. Social Aspect contribute 2.6%toward people prosperity, 0.2% toward local satisfaction, 12.7% toward people participation;(3) Development strategy on sustainable sport tourism using the model of Sport tourismParticipation and oriented to tourism characteristic.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Kusnanik N., Nurhasan N., Pambudi P.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2020_n13_s117.pdf

Autor	Altuğ Köktaş, Işıl Selçuk
Tytuł	Transport sector energy use and carbon emissions: a study on sectoral fiscal policies
Title	Zużycie energii i emisja dwutlenku węgla w sektorze transportu: badanie sektorowych polityki fiskalnej
Słowa kluczowe	transportation, fiscal policy, carbon tax
Key words	transport, polityka podatkowa, podatek węglowy
Abstrakt	As the energy sector worldwide is largely based on fossil fuel consumption, the amount of global-scale carbon emissions continues to increase over the years. One of the most important reasons for the increase in emissions, the transportation sector, continues to develop with globalization. The development of land, sea, and air transport together with international trade brings environmental problems in parallel with the increase in energy consumption. Accordingly, it is estimated that one fourth of total carbon emissions today originate from the transportation sector. In this context, in order to combat environmental problems such as global warming and climate change on an international scale, initiatives such as the Paris Climate Agreement are being implemented and environmental policies to reduce the amount of emissions are being recommended. The aim of this study is to examine environmental policies, which have been discussed extensively in the literature, in terms of fiscal policy. In this context, fiscal policy tools such as taxes, subsidies, incentives, and regulations specific to the transport sector were discussed. This study, in which the descriptive method is used, argues that fiscal policy practices can be an effective method in reducing the amount of carbon emissions.
Abstract	Sektor energetyczny na całym świecie w dużej mierze opiera się na paliwach kopalnych, co skutkuje ciągłym wzrostem emisji dwutlenku węgla na skalę światową. Jedną z najważniejszych przyczyn wzrostu emisji jest sektor transportu, którego rozwój jest powiązany z procesami globalizacji. Rozwój transportu lądowego, morskiego i lotniczego wraz z handlem międzynarodowym i zwiększonym zużyciem energii powoduje problemy środowiskowe. W związku z tym szacuje się, że jedna czwarta całkowitej emisji dwutlenku węgla pochodzi obecnie z sektora transportu. W tym kontekście, w celu zwalczania problemów środowiskowych, takich jak globalne ocieplenie i zmiany klimatyczne w skali międzynarodowej, wdrażane są takie inicjatywy, jak porozumienie klimatyczne z Paryża, a także zalecana jest polityka środowiskowa mająca na celu zmniejszenie ilości emisji. Celem niniejszego opracowania jest analiza polityki środowiskowej, która była szeroko omawiana w literaturze, pod kątem polityki fiskalnej. W tym kontekście omówiono narzędzia polityki fiskalnej, takie jak podatki, dotacje, zachęty i przepisy specyficzne dla sektora transportu. Niniejsze badanie, w którym zastosowano metodę opisową, dowodzi, że praktyki polityki fiskalnej mogą być skuteczną metodą zmniejszania ilości emisji dwutlenku węgla.
Cytowanie	Köktaş A., Selçuk I.
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Pełny tekst	EIOL_2020_T5_n3_s17.pdf

Autor	Ola Bareja-Wawryszuk
Tytuł	Determinants of spatial concentration of short food supply chains on example of marginal, localized and restricted activities in Poland
Title	Determinanty przestrzennej koncentracji krótkich łańcuchów dostaw na przykładzie podmiotów marginalnych, lokalnych i ograniczonych w Polsce
Słowa kluczowe	local food systems, short food supply chains, spatial concentration, marginal localized and restricted activities, nonparametric regression trees
Key words	działalność marginalna, lokalna i ograniczona, nieparametryczne modele drzew regresji
Abstrakt	The article analyses spatial concentration of marginal, localized and restricted activities creating local food systems in Poland regarded as short supply chains. Local food systems in Poland can take the forms of direct sale, direct deliveries, agricultural retail as well as marginal, localized and restricted activities. Short food supply chains play crucial role in case of local economy, environment and society. Thus, article rises issue connected with sustainability, alternatives for mass produced and distributed food, spatial diversity of local activities. Empirical part of the article focus on marginal, localized and restricted activities. The first part of the article contains a characteristic of the analyzed activities and their spatial distribution. The second part identifies factors that have the strongest influence on the formation of marginal, localized and restricted activities with the application of nonparametric models of regression trees. It is reported that spatial and environmental factors occur most frequently in the process of recurrent division of the data set and, thus, constitute the strongest determinant of marginal, localized and restricted activities.
Abstract	W artykule analizie poddano koncentrację przestrzenną podmiotów marginalnych, lokalnych i ograniczonych tworzących lokalne systemy żywnościowe w Polsce i utożsamianych z krótkimi łańcuchami dostaw. Lokalne systemy żywnościowe w Polsce mogą przybierać formy organizacyjno-prawne takie jak: sprzedaż bezpośrednia, dostawy bezpośrednie, rolniczy handel detaliczny oraz działalności marginalną, lokalną i ograniczoną. Krótkie łańcuchy dostaw żywności odgrywają kluczową rolę w lokalnej gospodarce, środowisku i społeczeństwie. W artykule poruszono zatem problematykę związaną ze zrównoważonym rozwojem, alternatywami dla masowo produkowanej i dystrybuowanej żywności, przestrzennym zróżnicowaniem lokalnych podmiotów. Część empiryczna artykułu oparta jest na analizie podmiotów marginalnych, lokalnych i ograniczonych. W pierwszej kolejności dokonano charakterystyki analizowanych podmiotów i ich rozmieszczenia przestrzennego. Następnie, wykorzystując nieparametryczne modele drzew regresji, zidentyfikowano czynniki, które najsilniej wpływają na powstawanie podmiotów marginalnych, lokalnych i ograniczonych. Dostrzeżono, że czynniki przestrzenno- środowiskowe występują najczęściej w procesie rekurencyjnego podziału zbioru danych, a tym samym stanowią najsilniejszą determinantę działalności marginalnej, lokalnej i ograniczonej.
Cytowanie	Bareja-Wawryszuk O.
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Pełny tekst	EIOL_2020_T5_n3_s45.pdf

Autor	Agata Balińska, Piotr Gabryjończyk, Jan Zawadka
Tytuł	SOURCES OF INFORMATION ON PRO-ECOLOGICAL BEHAVIOUR OF STUDENTS OF THE FACULTY OF ECONOMICS OF THE WULS-SGGW
Title
Słowa kluczowe	pro-ecological behaviour, students, media, information sources
Key words
Abstrakt	The research aimed to verify the sources of information used by students of the Faculty of Economics of the Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW (WULS-SGGW) in shaping their ecological attitudes. The research issues have been reduced to answering the following questions: 'which sources of information on the desired pro-ecological behaviour were most often indicated by the respondents?' and 'is there too much information on appropriate behaviour towards nature in the public space?'. The survey technique as used in empirical research. The sample consisted of 119 students of all fields, levels, and forms of study at the Faculty of Economics of the WULS-SGGW. The research shows that this information was rather easily accessible to the respondents, and the main source as social media and internet portals. In the opinion of the respondents, the analysed issues are not excessively exposed in the media, as evidenced by the limited traceability of pro--environmental campaigns.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Balińska A., Gabryjończyk P., Zawadka J.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2020_n4_s17.pdf

Autor	Viktoriia Baidala, Vira Butenko, Olena Slavkova, Andrii Sukhostavets
Tytuł	STRATEGIC FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOECONOMY DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE
Title
Słowa kluczowe	bioeconomy, concept of the state strategy for the development of bioeconomy, innovative development
Key words
Abstrakt	The purpose of this study is to identify the global trends in bioeconomic development and to develop the Concept of a State Strategy of Bioeconomic Development in Ukraine for the period until 2030. The authors define the bioeconomy as a set of industries that ensure the sustainable use of renewable resources, the use of biotechnologies for production while reducing the potential environmental damage, contributing to the innovative development of relevant sectors, and providing positive aspects of socio-economic development. The article formulates approaches to measuring the state and effectiveness of the bioeconomic development in Ukraine and the EU countries. Based on the analysis of world experience, it is concluded that to accelerate the development of the bioeconomy in Ukraine, it is necessary to develop the Strategy for the development of the bioeconomy in Ukraine. The conceptual foundations of such a Strategy have been developed by the authors of the article. The results of the study are the basis for the development and implementation of the State Strategy for the Development of Bioeconomy in Ukraine. The relevance of this study is determined by the absence of the Bioeconomic Development Strategy in Ukraine, which makes it difficult for the country to reach a new technological and innovative level of development. At the same time, the development and implementation of this Strategy will help Ukraine enter the international system of production of new knowledge and technologies.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Baidala V., Butenko V., Slavkova O., Sukhostavets A.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2020_n4_s30.pdf

Autor	Tetiana Balanovska, Olga Gogulya, Hanna Kharchenko, Volodymyr Kharchenko
Tytuł	COGNITIVE MODELLING OF AN EFFECTIVE SYSTEM OF INFORMATION SUPPORT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
Title
Słowa kluczowe	information support, cognitive approach, modelling, forecasting, poorly structured system, cognitive modelling of efficiency of functioning of the information system of agricultural entrepreneurship
Key words
Abstrakt	This article encompasses the methodology of cognitive modelling of complex poorly structured systems. Based on the expert method and with the help of this modelling methodology, the main factors that influence the effectiveness of information support of agricultural entrepreneurship were identified and the direction of their action was determined. There has been developed a cognitive map that reflects the cumulative impact of various factors on each other, as well as on the effectiveness of the information system for agricultural entrepreneurship. Hidden patterns between factors influencing the effectiveness of information support of agricultural entrepreneurship are revealed based on the cognitive map. The scenario approach is simulated based on different trends that reflect the current situation. This model allows us to further evaluate the performance of the system of information support of agricultural entrepreneurship under the influence of the environment, to predict its development, as well as to develop optimal strategic decisions that are aimed at ensuring sustainable development.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Balanovska T., Gogulya O., Kharchenko H., Kharchenko V.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2020_n4_s55.pdf

Autor	Jurij Klapkiv
Tytuł	GLOBAL AREAS OF AGRARIAN BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT
Title
Słowa kluczowe	food security, pandemic, poverty, reduction of profitability, strategic development goals, global environment, food security indicators, consumer price index
Key words
Abstrakt	The following research methods are used to achieve this goal: theoretical synthesis, analysis, abstract and logical - to reveal the relationship of the global food crisis in the context of achieving food security goals; interpretation and comparison - to determine the prospects for improving food security; tabular and graphical - for a visual representation of food security in the world. It has been established that food security is an objective necessity for human development. Its provision is a guarantee of regular access of the population to high-quality food necessary for leading an active and healthy life. Taking into account the analysed indicators of food security, reserves have been identified for improving the growth of food security in the strategy of sustainable development of Ukraine and the world. A cumulative interrelated analysis of pandemic and post-pandemic poverty growth, declining profitability, and price differentiation in food security has been conducted. The assessment of divergent changes in the food sector of Ukraine and other countries is carried out taking into account the challenges of the environmental environment. The results of the study on food security can be used in the management of the economy and the agro-industrial sector as one of the goals of sustainable development.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Klapkiv J.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2020_n4_s61.pdf

Autor	Veronika Butorina, Oleg Kucher, Zoia Pustova, Natalia Pustova, Oleh Tkach
Tytuł	THE ROLE OF BIOMASS IN THE BIOECONOMIC POLICY OF UKRAINE AND ITS LEGAL REGULATION
Title
Słowa kluczowe	bioeconomy, biotechnologies, innovations, agricultural biomass
Key words
Abstrakt	The article examines the need and possibility of introducing bioeconomy in the management system of the national economy, in the context of the focus on sustainable development through the use of the most modern techniques and technologies for the use of biomass. It is determined that the key role in the development of a new direction of the country's economy is played by the agricultural sector, as the bioeconomy of agricultural systems is based on agricultural biomass and biotechnology. Optimization of agricultural biomass flows is one of the components of bioeconomy development. It is noted that, given the significant natural and economic, raw material research and production potential and state support, Ukraine has great opportunities for bioeconomy development based on the production of environmentally friendly bioenergy products through the efficient use of agricultural biomass. The legal bases of the state management of the bioeconomic development of Ukraine are stated.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Butorina V., Kucher O., Pustova Z., Pustova N., Tkach O.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2020_n4_s84.pdf

Autor	Jerzy Bieńkowski, Małgorzata Holka
Tytuł	Environmental Assessment of the Life Cycle of Bovine Compound Feeds from a Feed Milling Plant in a Large Commercial Farm in Wielkopolska Region, Poland
Title	Environmental Assessment of the Life Cycle of Bovine Compound Feeds from a Feed Milling Plant in a Large Commercial Farm in Wielkopolska Region, Poland
Słowa kluczowe	environment, life cycle analysis, impact category indicator, compound feed, feed mill, Poland
Key words	environment, life cycle analysis, impact category indicator, compound feed, feed mill, Poland
Abstrakt	In recent years, the importance of environmental threats associated with intensive livestock production has been emphasized. Compound feeds make up a part of the animal production chain. A complete assessment of the animal production system with regard to environmental criteria is therefore impossible without considering the environmental consequences of feed production. The goal of this research is to fill the gap in an environmental assessment of production processes of compound feeds in Poland. The study presents an assessment of production impacts of bovine compound feeds according to Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) methodology. The data for analysis were based on the set of information obtained from the feed milling plant located in a commercial agricultural enterprise in the Wielkopolska region in the years 2015-2016. An inventory table of inputs was prepared in relation to the functional unit of 1 ton of compound feeds and two phases of production processes, i.e. upstream and core. For average compound feed, the impact category indicators for the global warming potential, acidification, eutrophication, photochemical ozone formation, consumption of mineral resources, fossil fuel resources and the emission of the respirable particles were respectively: 605.9 kg CO2 eq, 8.73 kg SO2 eq, 3.32 kg PO4 eq, 0.73 kg ethylene eq, 3.4x10-3 kg antimony eq, 5141.1 MJ and 2.25 kg PM2.5 eq. The upstream phase had the greatest effect on investigated impacts, while the core processes phase had a relatively low impact on environmental threats. It is recommended to broaden the scope of the research for a larger group of feed milling plants with more complex manufacturing processes, with a more branched supply structure and a wide range of compound feeds for different animal types. The obtained data can be a valuable source base in prospective analyses of the life cycle of various animal products in Poland.
Abstract	In recent years, the importance of environmental threats associated with intensive livestock production has been emphasized. Compound feeds make up a part of the animal production chain. A complete assessment of the animal production system with regard to environmental criteria is therefore impossible without considering the environmental consequences of feed production. The goal of this research is to fill the gap in an environmental assessment of production processes of compound feeds in Poland. The study presents an assessment of production impacts of bovine compound feeds according to Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) methodology. The data for analysis were based on the set of information obtained from the feed milling plant located in a commercial agricultural enterprise in the Wielkopolska region in the years 2015-2016. An inventory table of inputs was prepared in relation to the functional unit of 1 ton of compound feeds and two phases of production processes, i.e. upstream and core. For average compound feed, the impact category indicators for the global warming potential, acidification, eutrophication, photochemical ozone formation, consumption of mineral resources, fossil fuel resources and the emission of the respirable particles were respectively: 605.9 kg CO2 eq, 8.73 kg SO2 eq, 3.32 kg PO4 eq, 0.73 kg ethylene eq, 3.4x10-3 kg antimony eq, 5141.1 MJ and 2.25 kg PM2.5 eq. The upstream phase had the greatest effect on investigated impacts, while the core processes phase had a relatively low impact on environmental threats. It is recommended to broaden the scope of the research for a larger group of feed milling plants with more complex manufacturing processes, with a more branched supply structure and a wide range of compound feeds for different animal types. The obtained data can be a valuable source base in prospective analyses of the life cycle of various animal products in Poland.
Cytowanie	Bieńkowski J., Holka M. (2019) Environmental Assessment of the Life Cycle of Bovine Compound Feeds from a Feed Milling Plant in a Large Commercial Farm in Wielkopolska Region, Poland.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 1: 22-36
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n1_s22.pdf

Autor	Barbara Wieliczko
Tytuł	Federalizm fiskalny i środowiskowy a polityka rolna
Title	Fiscal and Environmental Federalism vs. Agricultural Policy
Słowa kluczowe	polityka rolna, federalizm fiskalny, federalizm środowiskowy, skuteczność polityki, efektywność polityki
Key words	agricultural policy, fiscal federalism, environmental federalism, policy effectiveness, policy efficiency
Abstrakt	Stworzenie przez państwo skutecznej i efektywnej polityki rolnej jest niezmiernie trudnym zadaniem. Wydaje się, że zaprojektowanie właściwego zestawu instrumentów staje się tym trudniejsze im większego obszaru dotyczy. Celem artykułu jest próba odpowiedzi na pytanie, jak wielką rolę w tworzeniu i realizacji polityki rolnej w UE powinna odgrywać Komisja Europejska, a jak dużą rządy poszczególnych państw członkowskich. Odpowiedź na to pytanie bazuje na osiągnięciach teorii federalizmu fiskalnego i federalizmu środowiskowego. Artykuł opiera się na przeglądzie literatury oraz analizie optymalnego z punktu widzenia celów polityki rolnej zakresu kompetencji administracji publicznej w tworzeniu i wdrażaniu polityki rolnej przy uwzględnieniu aktualnych wyzwań stojących przed rolnictwem. Uzyskane wyniki pozwalają określić, jak zoptymalizować podział zadań związanych z polityką rolną między szczeblami administracji, co umożliwia wdrażanie skuteczniejszej i efektywniejszej polityki rolnej.
Abstract	The creation of an effective and efficient agricultural policy by the state is an extremely difficult task. It seems that designing proper agricultural policy becomes more difficult the larger the area. The aim of the article is to try to answer the question of what role in the creation and implementation of agricultural policy in the EU should be played by the European Commission, and by individual Member States. The answer to this question is based on the theories of fiscal and environmental federalism. The article is based on a review of literature and analysis of the optimal scope of public administration's competences in the creation and implementation of agricultural policy. The obtained results allow to determine how to optimize the division of tasks related to the agricultural policy between the levels of administration, which enables the implementation of a more effective and more efficient agricultural policy.
Cytowanie	Wieliczko B. (2019) Federalizm fiskalny i środowiskowy a polityka rolna.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 1: 144-152
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n1_s144.pdf

Autor	Kaja Karwowska, Magdalena Skotnicka, Maria Śmiechowska
Tytuł	Tea Production and its Forecasts, and the Possibility of Tea Cultivation in the Context of Environmental Requirements in China
Title	Tea Production and its Forecasts, and the Possibility of Tea Cultivation in the Context of Environmental Requirements in China
Słowa kluczowe	tea, plantations, crop types, climate changes, local ecosystems
Key words	tea, plantations, crop types, climate changes, local ecosystems
Abstrakt	The present study demonstrates the reasons for the foundation of tea plantations and conditions of their cultivation. The limitations and negative consequences of cultivation of tea plants along with the ideas for their minimization are shown. Plantations were created to optimize the harvest. However, it has been found that they negatively influence local ecosystems. The global demand for tea leaves is constantly growing. Due to the specific climate requirements of tea plants and progressive climate changes, the arable land area suitable for their cultivation is constantly decreasing. New solutions should be implemented as soon as possible, ensuring a constant supply of raw material. Otherwise, in the next few years tea may become a luxury product. FAO has presented the activities that could reduce the losses. At the moment, the best solution might be to change crop types and diversify sources of raw material. It is also highlighted that there is a need to carry out research aiming at developing varieties of Camella sinensis with lower climate requirements.
Abstract	The present study demonstrates the reasons for the foundation of tea plantations and conditions of their cultivation. The limitations and negative consequences of cultivation of tea plants along with the ideas for their minimization are shown. Plantations were created to optimize the harvest. However, it has been found that they negatively influence local ecosystems. The global demand for tea leaves is constantly growing. Due to the specific climate requirements of tea plants and progressive climate changes, the arable land area suitable for their cultivation is constantly decreasing. New solutions should be implemented as soon as possible, ensuring a constant supply of raw material. Otherwise, in the next few years tea may become a luxury product. FAO has presented the activities that could reduce the losses. At the moment, the best solution might be to change crop types and diversify sources of raw material. It is also highlighted that there is a need to carry out research aiming at developing varieties of Camella sinensis with lower climate requirements.
Cytowanie	Karwowska K., Skotnicka M., Śmiechowska M. (2019) Tea Production and its Forecasts, and the Possibility of Tea Cultivation in the Context of Environmental Requirements in China.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 1: 180-191
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n1_s180.pdf

Autor	Ákos Bartha, Bálint Horváth
Tytuł	Effects of Certain Personal Attributes on Food Waste
Title	Effects of Certain Personal Attributes on Food Waste
Słowa kluczowe	food waste, consumer attitude, sustainable consumption
Key words	food waste, consumer attitude, sustainable consumption
Abstrakt	With the increase of food supply and the improvement of production processes, the real value of certain food products has been steadily declining over the past decades, which is certainly a trend that has seriously transformed the moral value of food, its role in society and its associated personal attitudes. According to UN and FAO estimates, in 2016, 30-35% of our food was wasted. Food waste in households is also a special area of research in terms of their high wasting rate. While exploring the causes of high amounts of consumer waste, a research group has also correlated (with mathematical models) the gradual growth rate of food waste, the US obesity epidemic and the growing supply of cheaper food products (Hall et al. 2009). In our research, we examine certain personal aspects in case of specific (e.g. functional) foods as well. A significant decrease in food waste coming from households could be attained by controlling our attitudes. Food waste, consumption awareness, eating habits, food mileage, water footprint, sustainable eating, energy efficiency: these are all terms which have to have their meaning and importance taught to people, as they contain important – affecting the level of wasting – information. Therefore, we can see that food waste itself is one of the most serious, paradoxical and global modern issues which the developed world has identified, and is trying to decrease by using national and international interventions in order to limit food supply anomalies and environmental loads as much as possible. Understanding personal attributes more precisely might be a good practice for providing future solutions, as well.
Abstract	With the increase of food supply and the improvement of production processes, the real value of certain food products has been steadily declining over the past decades, which is certainly a trend that has seriously transformed the moral value of food, its role in society and its associated personal attitudes. According to UN and FAO estimates, in 2016, 30-35% of our food was wasted. Food waste in households is also a special area of research in terms of their high wasting rate. While exploring the causes of high amounts of consumer waste, a research group has also correlated (with mathematical models) the gradual growth rate of food waste, the US obesity epidemic and the growing supply of cheaper food products (Hall et al. 2009). In our research, we examine certain personal aspects in case of specific (e.g. functional) foods as well. A significant decrease in food waste coming from households could be attained by controlling our attitudes. Food waste, consumption awareness, eating habits, food mileage, water footprint, sustainable eating, energy efficiency: these are all terms which have to have their meaning and importance taught to people, as they contain important – affecting the level of wasting – information. Therefore, we can see that food waste itself is one of the most serious, paradoxical and global modern issues which the developed world has identified, and is trying to decrease by using national and international interventions in order to limit food supply anomalies and environmental loads as much as possible. Understanding personal attributes more precisely might be a good practice for providing future solutions, as well.
Cytowanie	Bartha Á., Horváth B. (2019) Effects of Certain Personal Attributes on Food Waste.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 2: 22-30
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n2_s22.pdf

Autor	Molla Alemayehu, Megersa Daksa, Nigussie Dechassa, Sisay Lemessa
Tytuł	Adoption Spells of Improved Potato Varieties by Smallholder Farmers in Eastern Ethiopia: The Duration Approach
Title	Adoption Spells of Improved Potato Varieties by Smallholder Farmers in Eastern Ethiopia: The Duration Approach
Słowa kluczowe	adoption spell, Weibull, static, potato varieties, Ethiopia
Key words	adoption spell, Weibull, static, potato varieties, Ethiopia
Abstrakt	Potato is mainly tagged as a food security crop in Ethiopia. However, its productivity remains low due to low adoption of improved technologies by smallholder farmers. Duration models, namely, Parametric (Weibull) and Non-parametric (Kaplan Meier) were used to analyze the data gathered from 365 sample farmers. The Non-parametric result revealed that the average duration that potato growers should wait before adopting a new variety is about 3.5 years. The Weibull regression indicated that timely availability of seed, access to labor and irrigation water, land size, and adaptation strategy by farmers are found to be factors curtailing the timeframe to adopt improved potato varieties. The regression analysis revealed that costs of inputs such as manure and compost, environmental and market factors such as drought, pest and disease outbreaks, price variability of potato seed, and quality of potato seed were found to be factors influencing adoption decisions of improved potato varieties by smallholder farmers.
Abstract	Potato is mainly tagged as a food security crop in Ethiopia. However, its productivity remains low due to low adoption of improved technologies by smallholder farmers. Duration models, namely, Parametric (Weibull) and Non-parametric (Kaplan Meier) were used to analyze the data gathered from 365 sample farmers. The Non-parametric result revealed that the average duration that potato growers should wait before adopting a new variety is about 3.5 years. The Weibull regression indicated that timely availability of seed, access to labor and irrigation water, land size, and adaptation strategy by farmers are found to be factors curtailing the timeframe to adopt improved potato varieties. The regression analysis revealed that costs of inputs such as manure and compost, environmental and market factors such as drought, pest and disease outbreaks, price variability of potato seed, and quality of potato seed were found to be factors influencing adoption decisions of improved potato varieties by smallholder farmers.
Cytowanie	Alemayehu M., Daksa M., Dechassa N., Lemessa S. (2019) Adoption Spells of Improved Potato Varieties by Smallholder Farmers in Eastern Ethiopia: The Duration Approach.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 2: 103-118
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n2_s103.pdf