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Autor	Ewa Krawczyk
Tytuł	Zastosowanie modelu ryzyka Value at Risk (VaR) opartego na metodzie Monte Carlo do rynku nieruchomości
Title	Using Value at Risk (VaR) Model Based on Monte Carlo Method on Property Market
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Abstract	Value at Risk – the method emerged several years ago that measures potential loss at a given confidence level. The method is undergoing continous improvment, finding new use in financial institutions. Investment briefcase management is inseparably connected with risk mamagement – process succured today with risk models. Presented attempt of enforcing specialized tool for measuring defined risk for separeted risk on property market analysis gives following remarks: 1. In the situation of considerable growth of investition on property market, which is financed mainly from bank infestations, there is need to make out risk models which describes market segment behaviour and let to limit possible loss. The loss caused by overoptimistic predictions and wrong costeffectiveness calculation. 2. Well-known and used at financial market risk models are great tools to connect both segments of market – financial and objective – and for empiric verification including investment projects. 3. VaR model may be used for the needs of defined risk of separeted investment project, which is characterized by indicator of profitability (NP), but obtained results should be treatened with limited confidence
Cytowanie	Krawczyk E. (2006) Zastosowanie modelu ryzyka Value at Risk (VaR) opartego na metodzie Monte Carlo do rynku nieruchomości.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 58: 117-133
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2006_n58_s117.pdf

Autor	Agata Grużewska
Tytuł	Wpływ zmian cen żywca i paszy na optymalną długość odchowu kurcząt brojlerów w produkcji wielkotowarowej
Title	Effect of changes in live chicken prices and feeds on the optimal length of broiler chicken rearing in large-scale commodity production
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Abstract	The results of 80 production cycles of broiler chickens, fattened on a largescale farm situated near Siedlce in the years 2000–2004, were analysed in the research. The adjustment of the model and estimation of the function parameters: production, feed costs as well as average and marginal product was attempted. Two levels of live chicken prices and three levels of the prices of feed mixtures were taken into account. The intersection points of the average and marginal product were attempted. The intersection points of the average and marginal product functions made it possible to approximately calculate the moment in which further broiler fattening became non-profitable because of the feed costs. For both levels of live chicken prices and all the levels of the prices of mixtures the intersection points of the average and marginal product functions were determined. It was found that the decrease in live chicken prices as well as the prices of chicken feed mixtures accelerates the moment of the production becoming non-profitable.
Cytowanie	Grużewska A. (2006) Wpływ zmian cen żywca i paszy na optymalną długość odchowu kurcząt brojlerów w produkcji wielkotowarowej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 59: 73-87
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2006_n59_s73.pdf

Autor	Andrzej Parzonko
Tytuł	Możliwości rozwojowe gospodarstw ukierunkowanych na produkcję mleka
Title	THE POSSIBILITIES AND ECONOMICAL EXPLANATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF DAIRY DIRECTED FARMS
Słowa kluczowe	ekonomika produkcji mleka, skala produkcji, koszty produkcji, dochód z gospodarstwa, inwestycje
Key words	milk production economics, production scale, farm profit
Abstrakt	W opracowaniu przedstawiono możliwości i ekonomiczne uzasadnienie rozwoju gospodarstw ukierunkowanych na chów bydła mlecznego, sprzedających rocznie 28 tysięcy litrów mleka z gospodarstwa. Przyjęty poziom sprzedaży był zbliżony do przeciętnych dostaw mleka z polskich gospodarstw do zakładów mleczarskich w roku kwotowym 2004/2005. Z dokonanej analizy wynika, że produkcja mleka na tym poziomie przynosiła tylko minimalne dochody. Uwzględniając dodatkowo koszty zaangażowania własnych czynników produkcji (ziemi, pracy, kapitału) okazuje się, że analizowana działalność wiązała się z wysoką stratą. Inwestycje pozwalające na zwiększenie skali produkcji, finansowane kredytem preferencyjnym, prowadzą do zachwiania płynności finansowej. Analizowane gospodarstwa mają niewielkie szanse rozwoju w chowie bydła mlecznego. Muszą szukać dochodów poza gospodarstwem.
Abstract	In the article there were presented possibilities and economical explanations for development of the dairy directed farms, delivering yearly 28 thousands liters of milk. Mentioned milk sales level per farm represents average farm deliveries to the dairy purchasers within the milk quota year 2004/2005. Basing on the results it may be concluded that milk production at the abovementioned level is slightly profitable. Taking into consideration additionally costs of the owned production factors (land, capital and labour) it occurs that this production scale generates large looses. Investments in an increase of the production scale, financed by the preferential credits, lead to fluency problems. Therefore it may be predicted that those farms doesn’t have much chances for development in direction of milk production. Hence they must rather search for an additional income outside the farm.
Cytowanie	Parzonko A. (2006) Możliwości rozwojowe gospodarstw ukierunkowanych na produkcję mleka .Roczniki Nauk Rolniczych, Seria G, t. 93, z. 1: 83-91
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Pełny tekst	RNR_2006_n1_s83.pdf

Autor	Justyna Franc-Dąbrowska
Tytuł	Gospodarowanie wynikiem finansowym w przedsiębiorstwach rolniczych
Title	Financial results. management in agricultural enterprises
Słowa kluczowe	realny i nominalny wynik finansowy, podział wyniku finansowego
Key words	real and nominal financial results, distribution of financial results
Abstrakt	W artykule podjęto próbę analizy gospodarowania wynikiem finansowym przez kierownictwo przedsiębiorstw uczestniczących w rankingu 300. w latach 1994- 2003. Uwzględniono zmianę wartości pieniądza w czasie. Stwierdzono, iż część przedsiębiorców przeznaczała wygospodarowany zysk na premie i nagrody. Zauważono, że większość przedsiębiorstw cechował zysk inflacyjny, co powodowało .przejadanie. posiadanego majątku.
Abstract	This article tries to analyze the way how managers of enterprises listed in ranking 300. in the years 1994-2003 dealt with achieved financial results. Factor of money value change over time has been included in this analysis. It has been found that part of entrepreneurs spend realized profits for bonuses and prizes. For majority of enterprises profits realized were however lower than the increase of company .s value (due to inflation rates) what effectively lead to .over consumption. of assets hold.
Cytowanie	Franc-Dąbrowska J. (2006) Gospodarowanie wynikiem finansowym w przedsiębiorstwach rolniczych .Roczniki Nauk Rolniczych, Seria G, t. 92, z. 2: 100-105
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Pełny tekst	RNR_2006_n2_s100.pdf

Autor	Ewa Kołoszycz
Tytuł	Dochodowość produkcji mleka w polskich gospodarstwach w 2004 r. należących do Europejskiego Stowarzyszenia Producentów Mleka
Title	THE PROFITABILITY OF THE MILK PRODUCTION IN POLISH DAIRY FARMS IN 2004 . MEMBERS OF THE EUROPEAN DAIRY FARMERS
Słowa kluczowe	produkcja mleka, koszty bezpośrednie i całkowite, czynniki produkcji, przychody, dochód
Key words	milk production, direct costs, total costs of production, return, family income
Abstrakt	Praca dotyczy zagadnień ekonomiki produkcji mleka w wybranych gospodarstwach polskich w 2004 r. Zastosowana metodologia pozwoliła na jednoczesne porównanie uzyskanych wyników z rezultatami gospodarstw z pozostałych krajów Europy będących czołowymi producentami mleka. W pracy porównano produkcyjne i ekonomiczne wyniki gospodarstw oraz wyniki przeciętne w grupach gospodarstw z wybranych krajów należących do EDF.
Abstract	The article consists of two parts. In the first part comparison of the results of 29 Polish dairy farms were shown, in addition whole population for three group were divided, in condition of the size dairy herd. In the second part average results of chosen country (belonging to European Dairy Farmers) are presented. Analysis of the cost of production indicates the increasing trend together with the grow of dairy herd. In comparison with other country, polish farmers had the lowest costs of milk production and reached positive entreprenour’s profit.
Cytowanie	Kołoszycz E. (2006) Dochodowość produkcji mleka w polskich gospodarstwach w 2004 r. należących do Europejskiego Stowarzyszenia Producentów Mleka .Roczniki Nauk Rolniczych, Seria G, t. 93, z. 1: 44-56
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Pełny tekst	RNR_2006_n1_s44.pdf

Autor	Aleksandr Hobets
Tytuł	Analysis the efficiency of pork production in Grodno region
Title	Analysis the efficiency of pork production in Grodno region
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Key words	pigs, efficiency, profitability, influence, models, analysis
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Abstract	Models of pork production profitability in years 2002–2004 have been constructed and analyzed. The links between the producers of pork and zones of raw material deliveries in Grodno region have been analyzed. Dependence of the profitability of pig–breeding production on parameters most influencing it in Grodno region has been established. Some directions of raising the efficiency of the branch have been suggested.
Cytowanie	Hobets A. (2006) .Scientific Journal Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW - Problems of World Agriculture, t. 14, z. : 38-44
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2006_T14_n_s38.pdf

Autor	Liudmila Zmitrevich
Tytuł	The main directions of improving the economic effectiveness in meat industry in Grodno region
Title	The main directions of improving the economic effectiveness in meat industry in Grodno region
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Key words	meat processing industry, production profitability, Byelorussia
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Abstract	A comparative study of the meat processing firms in the Republic of Belarus is performed.. Those situated in Volkovysk region are most profitable and most labour efficient. The difference between the most efficient and the least efficient (they work at a loss) groups of firms is 7.1 percent points in profit margin.
Cytowanie	Zmitrevich L. (2006) .Scientific Journal Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW - Problems of World Agriculture, t. 14, z. : 97-107
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2006_T14_n_s97.pdf

Autor	Joanna Kaczmarek
Tytuł	Zróżnicowanie regionalne potencjału produkcyjnego oraz dochodowości indywidualnych gospodarstw rolnych w Polsce z uwzględnieniem wybranych typów rolniczych (na podstawie FADN)
Title	Regional diversification of production potential and production and economic results for family farms in Poland with respect to selected types of farming (on the basis of FADN)
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Key words	production potential, economic results, family farms
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Abstract	The aim of this paper was to analyze the regional diversification of the production potential and production and economic results for family farms included in the Polish FADN in 2004. Selected types of farming have been taken into consideration. The most favorable conditions for agricultural production were found in Pomorze i Mazury and „Wielkopolska i Śląsk” regions. The total utilized agricultural area of an average holding, value of assets, and production and economic results attained the highest level in these regions. The most profitable type of farming found was Granivorous.
Cytowanie	Kaczmarek J. (2006) Zróżnicowanie regionalne potencjału produkcyjnego oraz dochodowości indywidualnych gospodarstw rolnych w Polsce z uwzględnieniem wybranych typów rolniczych (na podstawie FADN).Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 15, z. : 26-35
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2006_T15_n_s26.pdf

Autor	Beata Madras-Majewska, Janusz Majewski
Tytuł	Opłacalność i perspektywy produkcji miodu w Polsce
Title	The profitability of and perspectives for honey production in Poland
Słowa kluczowe	miód, pszczelarstwo, opłacalność
Key words	honey, beekeeping, profitability
Abstrakt	Polskie pszczelarstwo ma po załamaniu datującym się od lat 80-ych zeszłego wieku szanse na rozwój dzięki subsydiom z Unii Europejskiej. Jednakże typowe pasieki są zbyt małe, by dochód z nich zapewnił utrzymanie rodzinie pszczelarza. Pszczelarstwem zajmują się w większości osoby starsze, traktując to raczej jako hobby niż źródło dochodu, ale ostatnio średni wiek pszczelarzy się obniża.
Abstract	This article deals with beekeeping, which is a very important element of agriculture. The most important role of bees in the environment is plant pollination. Bee colonies produce honey, propolis, bee’s wax and bee bread. The situation in beekeeping in Poland worsened in the middle of the eighties. The number of apiaries decreased 4 times, whereas the number of bee hives decreased 3 times by the end of the nineties. Almost 60% of apiaries have 20 or less bee colonies. Such apiaries cannot become the base of the beekeeper’s family livelihood. Only beekeepers that have at least 100 colonies and can get income outside the apiary may have income high enough to fully support their families. They also have to sell honeybees’ products directly to customers. Authors’ estimates and calculations prove that Polish bee keeping has a chance to develop in the future. On one hand, Polish beekeepers have a chance to get subsidies from the EU. On the other hand, they also have a possibility to gain profits selling their products.
Cytowanie	Madras-Majewska B., Majewski J. (2006) Opłacalność i perspektywy produkcji miodu w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 15, z. : 58-68
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Autor	Agnieszka Sobolewska
Tytuł	Ekonomiczna efektywność ośrodka jeździeckiego na terenach wiejskich
Title	Economic efficiency of a horse riding centre situated in the rural areas
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Key words	horse riding centre, economic efficiency, profit
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Abstract	A horse riding centre with 13 owned and 17 boarded horses made in 2005 a profit of 60,390 PLN. In winter costs were higher than revenues. In summer, the reverse was true. The difference between the seasons was considerable. The purchases of forage and employment of a horse riding instructor were the largest cost components.
Cytowanie	Sobolewska A. (2006) Ekonomiczna efektywność ośrodka jeździeckiego na terenach wiejskich.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 15, z. : 77-83
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2006_T15_n_s77.pdf

Autor	Marek Stachowiak
Tytuł	Ocena sytuacji wybranych gospodarstw w oparciu o elementy analizy wskaźnikowej przed i po wstąpieniu Polski do UE
Title	Appraisal of the situation of selected farms before and after Polish accession to the EU using elements of indicator analysis
Słowa kluczowe	produkcja, ogrodnictwo, rolnictwo, sadownictwo, rybactwo, ekonomika ogrodnictwa, ekonomika rolnictwa, ekonomika rybactwa, analiza wskaźnikowa, rezerwat przyrody
Key words	production, horticulture, agriculture, fruit-growing, fishing, economics of horticulture, economics of agriculture, economics of fishing, indicator analysis, nature reserve
Abstrakt	Celem niniejszej pracy jest ocena sytuacji wybranych gospodarstw przed i po wstąpieniu Polski do Unii Europejskiej w oparciu o elementy analizy wskaźnikowej. Badania przeprowadzono w gospodarstwie rolniczo-sadowniczym, zakładzie rybackim prowadzącym działalność przy zachowaniu nienaruszalności ekosystemu (na terenie rezerwatu przyrody) i w przedsiębiorstwie ogrodniczym prowadzącym produkcję pod osłonami. Po akcesji Polski do UE zaobserwowano w gospodarstwie rolniczo-sadowniczym i rybackim wzrost zapasów produktów gotowych, w gospodarstwie rolniczo – sadowniczym i ogrodniczym wzrost rentowności oraz ograniczenie zewnętrznego finansowania tych podmiotów pomimo występowania dodatniego efektu dźwigni finansowej
Abstract	The aim of this work is to estimate the situation of selected farms before and after Polish accession to the EU using elements of indicator analysis. The research was executed in a fruit-growing farm, in a fish farm using sustainable production techniques (in a nature reserve area), and in a horticultural enterprise with production in greenhouses. After Polish accession to the European Union a growth of stock of ready products was observed in the fruit-growing farm and the fish farm, as well as a growth of profitability and reduction of external financing in the fruit-growing farm and the horticultural farm despite the beneficial effects of financial leverage.
Cytowanie	Stachowiak M. (2006) Ocena sytuacji wybranych gospodarstw w oparciu o elementy analizy wskaźnikowej przed i po wstąpieniu Polski do UE.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 15, z. : 84-94
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2006_T15_n_s84.pdf

Autor	Mirosław Wasilewski
Tytuł	Problematyka zapasów według prawa bilansowego i międzynarodowych standardów rachunkowości
Title	The issue of reserves according to the balance law and International Accounting Standard
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Abstract	The paper presents accountant solutions concerning reserves according to the accountancy law and IAS-2 "Reserves" and IAS-41 "Agriculture". In accordance with the accountancy law accountants have to identify borne cost connected with run activity according to its usefulness, profitability and presenting information in the financial account. Solutions concerning recording and reserves valuation are strictly defined in the accountancy law, what is to a large extent coherent with solutions in IAS-2 "Reserves". Introducing IAS-41 "Agriculture" enabled to specify better solutions concerning reserves in agricultural farms. In that scope in agricultural enterprises far-reaching simplifications are applied. Reserves influence the assessment of the structure of firm's property, as well as the financial liquidity. The scope of recording of economic events connected with reserves could be limited and simplified by introducing reserves managing according to the conception "just in time".
Cytowanie	Wasilewski M. (2005) Problematyka zapasów według prawa bilansowego i międzynarodowych standardów rachunkowości.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 55: 79-93
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2005_n55_s79.pdf

Autor	Ewa Krawczyk
Tytuł	Zastosowanie metody kowariancji do określenia ryzyka na rynku nieruchomości komercyjnych
Title	Application of Covariance Method for Risk Assessing on the Commercial Real Estate Market
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Abstract	The Value at Risk model allows answering the base question asked by investor. How much money could be lost with given financial resources involved into given project, in fixed time and fixed risk preference The covariance method used to estimate VaR is static model, but analytic manner of computing allows, after essential analysis, to determine value at risk relatively clearly and quickly. Presented attempt of initiating tool to analyzing quantified risk of investment on real estate market, specialized for capital market, gives observations: a) in the situation of significant growth of investments on real estate market, financed mainly by banking institutions, there is necessity to work out risk models for this market segment, allowing to limit excessive losses caused by too optimistic prices and inappropriate calculations of the effectiveness of the investment, b) well known and used risk models for capital market are basics for connection the both market segments - capital and real - and empirical verification, including investing projects, c) VaR model can be used for determining quantified risk of an investing project, characterized by profitability ratio Net Present Value, but received results should be treated with limited confidence.
Cytowanie	Krawczyk E. (2005) Zastosowanie metody kowariancji do określenia ryzyka na rynku nieruchomości komercyjnych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 55: 127-148
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2005_n55_s127.pdf

Autor	Artur Kowalczyk, Mirosław Wasilewski
Tytuł	Ocena konkurencyjności spółdzielni mleczarskich
Title	The evaluation of Dairy Cooperatives' Competitiveness
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Abstract	The study presents the comparative analysis of competitiveness' level of dairy cooperatives, which exports their products to the UE market and cooperatives from Świętokrzyskie province, which are not entitled to the export to the UE market. Cooperatives exporting their products to the UE market (group A) in the years 1998-2001 showed the increase of milk processing while in cooperatives from Świętokrzyskie province the decrease ensued. The cooperatives from group A were also characterized by three times higher level of average delivery of milk as well as the share in the purchase of extra class milk. In 2001 cooperatives Świętokrzyskie province incurred loss while group A cooperatives achieved increasing significant profit. The competitive strength of milk · deliverers is larger in a group of cooperatives in Świętokrzyskie province because those cooperatives do not achieve the cost advantage for the sake of the low concentration of the production. The biggest threat to dairy cooperatives is in the buyers' strong influence on the volume of sale and in buyers' possibility to change a cooperative delivering them dairy products. The level of competition's intensity in the scope of products offered by cooperatives was similar, highest in the case of milk, cheese, sour and sour cream and lowest in case of powder milk and butter. The necessity of covering large capital needs as well as difficulties in access to distribution channels were described as largest barriers to entry and considerable small barrier is the competitive activity of already existing enterprises. In the opinion of cooperatives' managers the possibility of appearing new substitutes of dairy products, except for butter, is low.
Cytowanie	Kowalczyk A., Wasilewski M. (2004) Ocena konkurencyjności spółdzielni mleczarskich.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 52: 47-62
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2004_n52_s47.pdf

Autor	Mirosław Wasilewski
Tytuł	Poziom nakładów materialnych a wyniki ekonomiczne gospodarstw indywidualnych
Title	The Level of Material Outlays and Economic Results of Private Farms
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Abstract	In the paper the analysis of the relationship between economic results and the level of the material outlays' concentration in private farms is presented. In general, farms with the highest level of the material outlays' concentration were characterized by the highest profitability of land, while in the group of the lowest level of those outlays the profitability was the lowest. In the case of the productivity of land relationships were similar to the case of its profitability. Social and economic efficiency of labour was higher in the group of farms with the highest level of material outlays, what shows that resources and labour outlays were used effectively. In general farms with an average level of material outlays were characterized by the highest profitability of sale, while farms with the highest outlays were characterized by the lowest profitability. It may show that the effectiveness of material outlays decrease with the growth by unit of the level of outlays. One of possible reasons for that tendency, in comparison with the highest profitability of land in the third group of farms, is using purchased materials for the broader scale, what makes farms independent on their resources of land.
Cytowanie	Wasilewski M. (2004) Poziom nakładów materialnych a wyniki ekonomiczne gospodarstw indywidualnych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 52: 91-99
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2004_n52_s91.pdf

Autor	Sławomir Juszczyk
Tytuł	Skala produkcji gospodarstw mlecznych a jej opłacalność
Title	The Scale and the Profitability of Milk Production
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Abstract	In years 1997-2001 in the typical family farms of the Central Macro region with the growth of production scale measured by: numbers of milk cows, milk production per year and commodity value of milk production with coupled production - the profitability of milk production and direct surplus from milk production grew. It is useful to intensify the milk production in those farms. State owned farms had from 42 to 173 milk cows. They achieved the highest direct surplus among the researched farms but average direct profitability fell to 2,41. In spite of taking into consideration the real indirect costs and the depreciation of farms' costs, the achieved profitability still gave the possibility of the growth of direct surplus. It means that a margin cost was higher than an average cost and simultaneously was smaller than purchase price, and that a margin surplus was higher than zero. The increasing of the direct surplus in these farms was possible but connected with a further decreasing of average profitability of milk production. Taking into the consideration the individual measure of the production scale and results received the direct profitability was the most negative correlated with the number of cows in the farm between 1997 and 1999: the index of determination was: 7,19%, 11,04% and 15,05%. Between 2000 and 2001 the direct profitability was the most negative correlated with amount of produced milk, which explained 13,47% and 11,36% changeability of the profitability of the production. The direct surplus in the analysed period was the most correlated with the value of commodity milk production and coupled production. Therefore when one wants to achieve high direct surplus from researched farms one should produce milk of the highest quality and also produce and sell with profit not only calves and defective cows but also farm heifers. In the analysed period the value of milk production and coupled production explained: 62, 30%; 66, 72%; 61, 97%; 90, 21 % and 86, 86% of direct surplus changeability.
Cytowanie	Juszczyk S. (2004) Skala produkcji gospodarstw mlecznych a jej opłacalność.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 53: 143-157
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2004_n53_s143.pdf

Autor	Beata Madras-Majewska, Janusz Majewski
Tytuł	Opłacalność produkcji pszczelarskiej w Polsce
Title	The Profitability of Honey Production in Poland
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Abstract	The article treats about bee keeping which is a very important element of agriculture. The most important role of bees in environment is plants pollination. Bee colonies produce honey, propolis, bee wax and bee bred. The situation in bee keeping in Poland was critical in the middle of the eighties. The number of apiaries decreased 4 times whereas the number of bee hives decreased 3 times by the end of the nineties. The biggest problems of Polish bee keeping are small average number of trunks in the apiary as well as beekeepers age. They are usually older people and are keeping bees as a hobby. Almost 60% of apiaries have only 20 bee colonies. Such apiaries cannot become the base of beekeeper family livelihood. Only beekeepers that have at least 1 OO colonies in and out apiary can get income high enough to fully support their families. They also have to sell honeybees' products directly to customers. Based on estimations and calculations authors state that Polish bee keeping has a chance to develop in the future. On one hand Polish beekeepers have a chance to get subsidies from EU as well as from Polish government. On the other hand they also have a possibility to gain profits selling their products.
Cytowanie	Madras-Majewska B., Majewski J. (2004) Opłacalność produkcji pszczelarskiej w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 53: 175-185
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2004_n53_s175.pdf

Autor	Wojciech Ciechomski
Tytuł	Polskie ogrodnictwo w obliczu międzynarodowej konkurencji
Title	Polish Horticulture in the Face of the International Competitiveness
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Abstract	The competitiveness of horticulture sector in Poland is decreasing due to the low productivity of factors to the production resulting :from the little and dispersed scale of production as well as :from the low level of vertical and horizontal integration of the majority of vegetable and orchard farms. Dispersed structure of the sector - reflected main1y in farms of small and medium area - impacts on the incapability to compete with food processing plants and retail net on the equal principles. There is the lack of visible and effective forms of cooperation, coordination, information and communication between different entities functioning in the production sector, food processing industry and market. It all bring about, that long-term ability to gaining profits and maintaining current position, active and effective rivalry on domestic and international markets is to a high degree threatened.
Cytowanie	Ciechomski W. (2004) Polskie ogrodnictwo w obliczu międzynarodowej konkurencji.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 54: 35-42
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2004_n54_s35.pdf

Autor	Stanisław Stępka
Tytuł	Problematyka społeczno-gospodarcza w działalności Stanisława Mikołajczyka
Title	Socioeconomic problems in Stanisław Mikołajczyk's activity
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Abstract	Stanisław Mikołajczyk was peasant's activist, politician and statesman. In his activity he paid attention to activity of Farmer' s Circles, peasant' s cooperation as well as drawing up and realization of the agricultural reform. He considered that economic organizations run by farmers were basis of well functioning agriculture. It was a reason why he supported Society of Farmer' s Circles in Poznań. He thought that farmer's interests were directly connected with peasant' s cooperation. According to Mikołajczyk, they should by protection against the dishonest competition and should influence on profitability of production. He thought that superfluous farmers should change their job and work in trade, craft and cooperation. Stanisław Mikołajczyk set about undertaking these problems in parliament and journalism, particularly in „Przewodnik Gospodarski".
Cytowanie	Stępka S. (2004) Problematyka społeczno-gospodarcza w działalności Stanisława Mikołajczyka.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 52: 79-89
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2004_n52_s79.pdf