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Autor	Wawrzyniec Czubak, Krzysztof Pawłowski
Tytuł	THE ROLE OF PRO-INVESTMENT MECHANISMS OF THE COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY IN ASSET REPRODUCTION OF FARMS IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE
Title
Słowa kluczowe	common agricultural policy, central and eastern europe, pro-investment mechanisms
Key words
Abstrakt	The aim of this paper is to identify the role and importance of pro-investment mechanisms within the CommonAgricultural Policy in the reproduction of farm assets in countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Theexperimental material comprised unpublished microdata of farms originating from the FADN database of theEuropean Commission (data source: EU-FADN – DG AGRI). The time frame covered the years 2004–2015.Among all the farms selected for analyses only those ensuring data continuity throughout the entire investigatedperiod were used in the study. In each of the studied countries farms were divided into two groups: thegroup of beneficiaries of CAP pro-investment funds and the control group. For each farm the value of fixedassets was determined (excluding the value of land) and next the mean value for each group was calculatedin an individual country. The study showed that in most investigated countries both farms being and thosenot being beneficiaries of CAP pro-investment mechanisms are capable of reproducing their fixed assets;nevertheless, it is the farms receiving financial support for their investments that show a capacity to increasethe value of their fixed assets.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Czubak W., Pawłowski K.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2019_n3_s103.pdf

Autor	Konrad Rojek
Tytuł	THE ANALYSIS OF EUROPEAN ORGANIC FARMING PRODUCTION IN 2010 - 2017
Title
Słowa kluczowe	organic farming, organic food, agricultural production
Key words
Abstrakt	The world sees one of the many agricultural production opportunities in organic farming. There are manychallenges facing ecological producers, which on the one hand affect the income sphere of farmers, becausethey concern the provision of a fair existence, and on the other, farmers and organic producers must respectlegal regulations and meet growing social expectations in the field of environmental protection and biodiversity.The aim of this article was to analyse data on organic farming production in Europe. Presented in it thenumber of organic European agricultural producers, the biggest producers, the number of organic crop area inEurope and the countries with the largest agricultural area in Europe. The article focuses on plant and animalorganic production. Animal production divided into organic production of livestock of animals and organicproduction of animal products (excluding eggs).
Abstract
Cytowanie	Rojek K.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2019_n3_s118.pdf

Autor	Maria Rysz
Tytuł	CHANGES IN PRODUCTION AND VOLATILES OF FOREIGN TRADE INDUSTRY FRUIT IN POLAND OVER THE YEARS 2010 - 2017
Title
Słowa kluczowe	share of fruit, export, import, supply, fruit consumption
Key words
Abstrakt	The purpose of the work was to determine changes in production in Polish foreign trade and the level of fruitthat are being consumed by Polish consumers from 2010 to 2017. The article analyses quantitative and valuablechanges in export, import and the balance of Polish fruit turnover. The article presents the share of fruitharvest in Poland in the context of global and European production, the importance of Polish fruit export andimport, as well as the results of statistical analysis of the impact of fruit supply on the consumption of theseproducts in Polish households from 2010 to 2017. The research shows that the supply of fruit on the Polishmarket did not have a significant impact on the amount of their consumption in households.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Rysz M.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2019_n3_s124.pdf

Autor	Arkadiusz Sadowski, Jagoda Zmyślona
Tytuł	OVERINVESTMENT IN POLISH AGRICULTURE
Title
Słowa kluczowe	overinvestment, polish agriculture, fadn
Key words
Abstrakt	The purpose of this paper was to assess the level of overinvestment in Polish farms grouped by economicsize. As the volume of investments clearly continues to grow, the authors noticed the need to address thatproblem. Using FADN data, they developed their own method for measuring overinvestment, and identifiedits size and extent. Indeed, overinvestment proves to be widespread in Polish agriculture. The reasons probablyinclude inadequate subsidies allocated under European Union aid schemes, and improper farm managementpractices. In the future, this could give rise to dysfunctions, ultimately resulting in farm bankruptcies.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Sadowski A., Zmyślona J.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2019_n3_s145.pdf

Autor	Joanna Domagała
Tytuł	Zakres procesów internacjonalizacji na rynku serów
Title	Scope of internationalization processes on the cheese market
Słowa kluczowe	zasięg geograficzny rynku, internacjonalizacja, rynek masła, metoda Elzingi–Hogarty’ego
Key words	market delineation, internationalization, cheese market, Elzinga−Hogarty method
Abstrakt	Głównym celem artykułu było określenie zmian zasięgu geograficznego procesów internacjonalizacji rynku serów w Polsce z wykorzystaniem metody opierającej się na przepływach towarów (metody Elzingi–Hogarty’ego). Opierając się na danych wtórnych IERiGŻ-PIB, stwierdzono, że rynek serów w Polsce do 2003 roku miał zasięg krajowy, następnie po integracji z Unią Europejską zasięg rozszerzył się do „semiglobalnego”. W 2014 roku rynek serów obejmował Polskę, USA oraz 9 krajów będących członkami Unii Europejskiej. Tak zdefiniowany rynek serów charakteryzował się produkcją na poziomie 13 643 tys. ton, konsumpcją na poziomie 12 970 tys. ton oraz eksportem i importem odpowiednio na poziomie 1361 tys. ton i 688 tys. ton.
Abstract	The aim of the paper was to define geographic scope of internationalization the cheese market based on Elzinga–Hogarty method. Using secondary data (Food and Agriculture Organization, Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics) were find that the cheese market is international in the scope, and this scope is evolving from country to semi-global. Cheese market consists Poland, USA and 9th EU countries in 2014. Such market has production of 13 643 thousand tones, consumption of 12 970 thousand tones and export and import at the level of 1361 thousand tones, 688 thousand tones, respectively.
Cytowanie	Domagała J.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n11_s13.pdf

Autor	Elżbieta Goryńska-Goldmann
Tytuł	Geneza i pojęcie żywności lokalnej w powiązaniu z ideą zrównoważonejkonsumpcji
Title	Genesis and the term of local food in relation to the idea of sustainable consumption
Słowa kluczowe	geneza, pojęcie, produkt lokalny, żywność lokalna, zrównoważona konsumpcja
Key words	genesis, concept, local product, local food, sustainable consumption
Abstrakt	W opracowaniu dokonano przeglądu aparatu pojęciowego i genezy żywności lokalnej, na podstawie przeglądu definicji z uwzględnieniem regulacji prawnych, potocznych sposobów jej ujmowania i prac badawczych, prowadzonych przez ośrodki naukowe i różne instytucje – krajowe i zagraniczne – i na tej podstawie zaprezentowano własną propozycję. Celem artykułu było przedstawienie genezy i pojęcia żywności lokalnej w kontekście zrównoważonej konsumpcji. Prowadząc analizę, dokonano przeglądu literatury przedmiotu, a wynikające z niego ustalenia udokumentowano dostępnymi informacjami statystycznymi i rynkowymi. Badania wykazały, że instytucje publiczne dostrzegają potencjał żywności lokalnej i upatrują w niej możliwość pobudzania rozwoju obszarów wiejskich Unii Europejskiej. Żywność lokalna stanowi alternatywny nurt w podejściu do sposobu, w jaki konsumpcja żywności może być przekształcona na rzecz jej równoważenia. Świadomi i odpowiedzialni konsumenci rozpoznający własne ograniczenia, ceniący tradycję, stanowią o nowej jakości w społeczeństwie (będąc specyficzną formą kapitału społecznego), co przekłada się na większe możliwości produkcyjne żywności lokalnej i stanowi podstawę do dalszego rozwoju zrównoważonej konsumpcji.
Abstract	This paper reviews the conceptual apparatus and the genesis of local food, on the basis of definitions and with respect to legal conditions, as well as the popular ways of interpretation of local food and scientific research performed by different centers and institutions – both domestic and foreign. On the basis of that, the paper presents the author’s own proposition concerning the abovementioned issue. The aim of the paper is to present the genesis and the definition of local food in the perspective of sustainable consumption. While conducting the research, the scientific literature concerning the subject was reviewed, and the findings were documented with available statistical and market information. The research showed that public institutions see the potential of local food and hope that it can drive the development of rural areas in the European Union. Local food is an alternative approach to the way in which food consumption can be turned into a sustainable one. Informed and responsible consumers, who are aware of their own limitations and value tradition, provide some new quality to the society (as they constitute a specific form of social capital), what translates into bigger local food production possibilities and is the basis for the further development of sustainable consumption.
Cytowanie	Goryńska-Goldmann E.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n11_s23.pdf

Autor	Norbert Szalaty
Tytuł	Południowo-zachodni obszar funkcjonalny województwa wielkopolskiegojako obszar intensywnego rozwoju rolnictwa
Title	The South-West functional area of Wielkopolska voivodship as an area of intensive development of agriculture
Słowa kluczowe	rolnictwo, obszar funkcjonalny, Południowo-Zachodni Obszar Funkcjonalny, rozwój rolnictwa
Key words	agriculture, functional area, Southwest Functional Area, agricultural development
Abstrakt	Celem opracowania jest przybliżenie rolnictwa w Południowo-zachodnim obszarze funkcjonalnym województwa wielkopolskiego jako regionu uznanego za najlepiej rozwinięty rolniczo. W pracy wykorzystano źródła pierwotne oraz wtórne. Źródła wtórne stanowiła literatura naukowa z zakresu rozwoju lokalnego i rozwoju rolnictwa. Źródła pierwotne to wyniki badań przeprowadzonych w okresie od grudnia 2018 roku do lipca 2019 roku dotyczących m.in. inwestycji przeprowadzonych i planowanych, źródeł finansowania, czynników rozwojowych czy kierunku produkcji rolników. Na podstawie uzyskanych z badań wyników można stwierdzić, że rolnicy badanego obszaru skutecznie wykorzystali możliwości wynikające z mechanizmów wspólnej polityki rolnej (WPR). Akcesja Polski do Unii Europejskiej miała bardzo pozytywny wpływ na rozwój regionu, o czym świadczą rezultaty inwestycyjne osiągnięte w badanych podmiotach oraz pozytywne oceny integracji europejskiej formułowane przez rolników.
Abstract	The aim of the study is to familiarize agriculture in the Southwestern Functional Area of the Wielkopolskie Voivodship as a region recognized as the best developed for agriculture. Primary and secondary were used in the work. Secondary sources were scientific literature in the field of local development and agricultural development. Primary sources are the results of research conducted in the period from December 2018 to July 2019 regarding, among others investments carried out and planned, sources of financing, development factors or direction of farmers’ production. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that farmers in the area under investigation have effectively used the opportunities arising from CAP mechanisms. Poland’s accession to the European Union had a very positive impact on the development of the region, as evidenced by the investment results achieved in the surveyed entities and positive assessments of European integration formulated by farmers.
Cytowanie	Szalaty N.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n11_s117.pdf

Autor	Monika Wojcieszak-Zbierska, Jan Zawadka
Tytuł	Działania przedsiębiorcze kobiet na wsi na przykładzie KGW w powieciegnieźnieńskim
Title	Entrepreneurial activities of women in the countryside on the example of the FWA in the Gniezno poviat
Słowa kluczowe	koła gospodyń wiejskich, kobiety na wsi, Program Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich 2014–2020, przedsiębiorczość, obszary wiejskie
Key words	farmers’ wives’ association, women in the countryside, Rural Development Program 2014–2020, entrepreneurship, rural areas
Abstrakt	Celem opracowania jest przybliżenie genezy, istoty oraz celów funkcjonowania kół gospodyń wiejskich, zaprezentowanie ich aktywności w zakresie pozyskiwania środków z funduszy UE, a także rozpoznanie i ukazanie celów inwestycji przez nie prowadzonych. Opracowanie wzbogacono studium przypadku Koła Gospodyń Wiejskich (KGW) w Modliszewku. W pracy wykorzystano pierwotne oraz wtórne źródła materiału badawczego. Źródła wtórne to literatura naukowa z zakresu rozwoju lokalnego, przedsiębiorczości, w tym inicjatyw podejmowanych przez kobiety na obszarach wiejskich, rozporządzenia oraz dane Agencji Restrukturyzacji i Modernizacji Rolnictwa dotyczące dofinansowania KGW środkami z Programu Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich (PROW) 2014–2020. Źródła pierwotne natomiast to wyniki badań przeprowadzonych w kwietniu 2019 roku dotyczących wykorzystywania pozyskanych przez KGW środków finansowych. Na podstawie wyników przeprowadzonych badań można stwierdzić, że pozyskane przez KGW fundusze pozwoliły na realizacje wielu działań, które przyczyniły się do rozwoju obszarów wiejskich. Członkinie badanych kół wykazywały się przedsiębiorczością i budowały dobry wizerunek swojego regionu. Otrzymane fundusze w głównej mierze przeznaczały na unowocześnienie posiadanego wyposażenia, a także promocję koła, regionu oraz lokalnej kuchni.
Abstract	The aim of the study was to present the genesis, essence and objectives of the functioning of farmers’ wives’ association (FWA), to present their activity in the area of obtaining funds from EU funds, as well as to identify and show the objectives of investments carried out by them. The study was enriched by a case study of the Farmers’ Wives’ Association in Modliszewko. Primary and secondary sources of research material were used in the work. Secondary sources are scientific literature in the field of local development, entrepreneurship, including initiatives undertaken by women in rural areas, regulations and data of the Agency for Restructuring and Modernization of Agriculture regarding co-financing of FWA with funds from Rural Development Program (RDP) 2014–2020. Primary sources are the results of research carried out in April 2019 regarding the use of funds obtained by FWA. Based on the results of the conducted research, it can be stated that the funds obtained by FWA enabled the implementation of many activities that contributed to the development of rural areas. Members of the surveyed organizations showed entrepreneurship and built a good image of their region. The funds received were mainly dedicated to the modernization of equipment, as well as the promotion of the organization, region and local cuisine.
Cytowanie	Wojcieszak-Zbierska M., Zawadka J.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n11_s127.pdf

Autor	Tetiana Baklytska, Olena Bohdaniuk
Tytuł	Competitivness and prospects for development of berry production in Ukraine
Title
Słowa kluczowe	Ukraine, berries, prospects of development, competitiveness, export, organic production
Key words
Abstrakt	The demand for raspberries and blackberries has risen sharply in Europe and North America in recent years. Ukraine is almost one third of the world’s black earth, a favorable climate for growing vegetables, fruits and berries, as well as a good ratio of daytime and nighttime temperatures and optimal length of sunny day. Therefore, the authors consider that Ukraine could become a reliable supplier of berries in Europe and America. Berries will not give the same high gross production as cereals. But these products are perspective in terms of processing, value added and profitability for the manufacturer. Considering the strategic importance of growing berries in Ukraine the subject of the research is to study the competitiveness and prospects for production of berries in Ukraine. The conducted assessment of the status and prospects of growing berries shows that Ukraine has been steadily producing within the range of 130-135 thousand tons of berries in recent years. Due to the fact that the products of private households and horticultural societies are not actually taxed, they have significant competitive advantages over agricultural enterprises, which is one of the reasons for the curtailment of industrial horticulture in Ukraine. But, on the other hand, they are inferior to large enterprises because of not failing to implement sanitary, technical standards, certification etc. In order to ensure the competitiveness of domestic producers in the external market, berry producers need to be more actively involved in the process of improving product quality, since in Ukraine only five agribusinesses have a Global GAP certificate, which is a minimum condition for access to the EU market. According to the results of the study, the authors consider organic production of berries as another perspective direction for the development of domestic berries.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Baklytska T., Bohdaniuk O.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n12_s15.pdf

Autor	Edyta Łyżwa
Tytuł	Innowacyjność w sektorze rolno-spożywczym na przykładzie gospodarki Polski i Ukrainy
Title	Innovation in the Agri-food Sector on the Example of the Economy of Poland and Ukraine
Słowa kluczowe	innowacje, rozwój gospodarczy, sektor rolny
Key words	innovation, economic development, agricultural sector
Abstrakt	Badania dotyczące gospodarki rolnej są istotne dla analiz bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego w Europie. W artykule przyjęto innowacje jako bodziec prorozwojowy sektora poddając obserwacji przykłady aktywności w tym zakresie w ostatnich latach w Polsce i Ukrainie. Celem artykułu było przybliżenie warunków i specyfiki aktywności innowacyjnej w sektorze rolnym wybranych gospodarek. Przywołane zdarzenia gospodarcze i dane statystyczne pozwoliły na wyciągniecie wniosków o potrzebie wzmożonej intensyfikacji aktywności innowacyjnej w sektorze rolnym.
Abstract	Research on agricultural economy is important for the analysis of food security in Europe. The article adopted innovations as a pro-development stimulus of the sector, subjecting observations to examples of activity in this area in recent years in Poland and Ukraine. The aim of the article was to approximate the conditions and specifics of innovative activity in the agricultural sector of selected economies. The recalled economic events and statistical data allowed to draw conclusions about the need for intensified intensification of innovative activity in the agricultural sector.
Cytowanie	Łyżwa E. (2019) Innowacyjność w sektorze rolno-spożywczym na przykładzie gospodarki Polski i Ukrainy.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 2: 119-128
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n2_s119.pdf

Autor	Jerzy Bieńkowski, Małgorzata Holka
Tytuł	Environmental Assessment of the Life Cycle of Bovine Compound Feeds from a Feed Milling Plant in a Large Commercial Farm in Wielkopolska Region, Poland
Title	Environmental Assessment of the Life Cycle of Bovine Compound Feeds from a Feed Milling Plant in a Large Commercial Farm in Wielkopolska Region, Poland
Słowa kluczowe	environment, life cycle analysis, impact category indicator, compound feed, feed mill, Poland
Key words	environment, life cycle analysis, impact category indicator, compound feed, feed mill, Poland
Abstrakt	In recent years, the importance of environmental threats associated with intensive livestock production has been emphasized. Compound feeds make up a part of the animal production chain. A complete assessment of the animal production system with regard to environmental criteria is therefore impossible without considering the environmental consequences of feed production. The goal of this research is to fill the gap in an environmental assessment of production processes of compound feeds in Poland. The study presents an assessment of production impacts of bovine compound feeds according to Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) methodology. The data for analysis were based on the set of information obtained from the feed milling plant located in a commercial agricultural enterprise in the Wielkopolska region in the years 2015-2016. An inventory table of inputs was prepared in relation to the functional unit of 1 ton of compound feeds and two phases of production processes, i.e. upstream and core. For average compound feed, the impact category indicators for the global warming potential, acidification, eutrophication, photochemical ozone formation, consumption of mineral resources, fossil fuel resources and the emission of the respirable particles were respectively: 605.9 kg CO2 eq, 8.73 kg SO2 eq, 3.32 kg PO4 eq, 0.73 kg ethylene eq, 3.4x10-3 kg antimony eq, 5141.1 MJ and 2.25 kg PM2.5 eq. The upstream phase had the greatest effect on investigated impacts, while the core processes phase had a relatively low impact on environmental threats. It is recommended to broaden the scope of the research for a larger group of feed milling plants with more complex manufacturing processes, with a more branched supply structure and a wide range of compound feeds for different animal types. The obtained data can be a valuable source base in prospective analyses of the life cycle of various animal products in Poland.
Abstract	In recent years, the importance of environmental threats associated with intensive livestock production has been emphasized. Compound feeds make up a part of the animal production chain. A complete assessment of the animal production system with regard to environmental criteria is therefore impossible without considering the environmental consequences of feed production. The goal of this research is to fill the gap in an environmental assessment of production processes of compound feeds in Poland. The study presents an assessment of production impacts of bovine compound feeds according to Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) methodology. The data for analysis were based on the set of information obtained from the feed milling plant located in a commercial agricultural enterprise in the Wielkopolska region in the years 2015-2016. An inventory table of inputs was prepared in relation to the functional unit of 1 ton of compound feeds and two phases of production processes, i.e. upstream and core. For average compound feed, the impact category indicators for the global warming potential, acidification, eutrophication, photochemical ozone formation, consumption of mineral resources, fossil fuel resources and the emission of the respirable particles were respectively: 605.9 kg CO2 eq, 8.73 kg SO2 eq, 3.32 kg PO4 eq, 0.73 kg ethylene eq, 3.4x10-3 kg antimony eq, 5141.1 MJ and 2.25 kg PM2.5 eq. The upstream phase had the greatest effect on investigated impacts, while the core processes phase had a relatively low impact on environmental threats. It is recommended to broaden the scope of the research for a larger group of feed milling plants with more complex manufacturing processes, with a more branched supply structure and a wide range of compound feeds for different animal types. The obtained data can be a valuable source base in prospective analyses of the life cycle of various animal products in Poland.
Cytowanie	Bieńkowski J., Holka M. (2019) Environmental Assessment of the Life Cycle of Bovine Compound Feeds from a Feed Milling Plant in a Large Commercial Farm in Wielkopolska Region, Poland.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 1: 22-36
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n1_s22.pdf

Autor	Mariusz Hamulczuk, Oksana Makarchuk, Edgardo Sica
Tytuł	Price Behaviour and Market Integration: Preliminary Evidencefrom the Ukrainian and European Union Rapeseed Markets
Title	Price Behaviour and Market Integration: Preliminary Evidencefrom the Ukrainian and European Union Rapeseed Markets
Słowa kluczowe	price behavior, horizontal market integration, Ukraine, European Union, rapeseed market
Key words	price behavior, horizontal market integration, Ukraine, European Union, rapeseed market
Abstrakt	This paper aims to provide preliminary evidence about the existence of horizontal integration between the rapeseed markets in Ukraine (UA) and the European Union (EU). To this end, both a trade analysis and a price analysis were carried out. In particular, the trade analysis was performed using yearly trade flows between the UA and EU, whereas price co-movement was assessed by means of linear vector error correction model (VECM) applied to weekly prices for rapeseed from 2008 to 2018. Our findings provide evidence of strong integration between the UA and EU markets in terms of the trade of rapeseeds, rape cake, and rape oil, as well as high horizontal rapeseed price transmission between the two economies.
Abstract	This paper aims to provide preliminary evidence about the existence of horizontal integration between the rapeseed markets in Ukraine (UA) and the European Union (EU). To this end, both a trade analysis and a price analysis were carried out. In particular, the trade analysis was performed using yearly trade flows between the UA and EU, whereas price co-movement was assessed by means of linear vector error correction model (VECM) applied to weekly prices for rapeseed from 2008 to 2018. Our findings provide evidence of strong integration between the UA and EU markets in terms of the trade of rapeseeds, rape cake, and rape oil, as well as high horizontal rapeseed price transmission between the two economies.
Cytowanie	Hamulczuk M., Makarchuk O., Sica E. (2019) Price Behaviour and Market Integration: Preliminary Evidencefrom the Ukrainian and European Union Rapeseed Markets.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 1: 47-58
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n1_s47.pdf

Autor	Bogdan Klepacki, Aleksandra Perkowska
Tytuł	Rola logistyki w pogłębianiu procesów globalizacji
Title	The Role of Logistics in Deepening Globalization Processes
Słowa kluczowe	globalizacja, transport morski, przepływy towarów, ładunki drobnicowe, transport kontenerowy
Key words	globalization, maritime transport, flow of goods, general cargo, container transport
Abstrakt	W opracowaniu przedstawiono znaczenie logistyki w pogłębianiu globalizacji, zwłaszcza w zakresie wykorzystania transportu morskiego. Ten dział transportu jest bowiem najszerzej wykorzystywany w międzynarodowych przepływach towarów. Stwierdzono, że przewozy w skali świata od połowy lat 90. wzrosły prawie o połowę, do czego przyczyniło się najbardziej zwiększone przemieszczanie ładunków drobnicowych (2,6-krotnie) i kontenerowych (2 razy). Jeśli zostaną utrzymane dotychczasowe trendy o tempie procesów globalizacji w przyszłości będą decydować szybko rozwijające się państwa azjatyckie, zaś zmaleje rola rozwiniętych państw europejskich i Stanów Zjednoczonych.
Abstract	The study presents the importance of logistics in deepening globalization, especially in the use of maritime transport. This transport industry is the most widely used in the international flow of goods. It was found that world-wide transport from the mid-1990s increased almost by half, which was due to the most increased shipment of general cargo (2.6 times) and container loads (2 times). If the current trends in the pace of globalization processes are maintained in the future, rapidly developing Asian countries will be the deciding factor, while the role of developed European countries and the United States will decline.
Cytowanie	Klepacki B., Perkowska A. (2019) Rola logistyki w pogłębianiu procesów globalizacji .Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 1: 59-67
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n1_s59.pdf

Autor	Anna Twardowska
Tytuł	Konwergencja typu sigma cen gruntów rolnych w państwach Unii Europejskiej
Title	Sigma Convergence of Agricultural Land Prices in European Union Countries
Słowa kluczowe	sigma-konwergencja, grunty rolne, ceny, Unia Europejska
Key words	sigma-convergence, agricultural land, prices, the European Union
Abstrakt	W artykule poruszono problematykę zależności pomiędzy cenami ziemi rolniczej w państwach Unii Europejskiej. Celem artykułu jest próba uzyskania odpowiedzi na pytanie czy ma miejsce zmniejszanie się zróżnicowania poziomu cen gruntów rolnych w krajach Unii Europejskiej. Analizie poddano ceny gruntów rolnych w wybranych państwach UE w latach 2006 – 2016. Badaniu poddano występowanie konwergencji w trzech wymiarach: w całej Unii Europejskiej, pomiędzy państwami tzw. starej Unii oraz pomiędzy tzw. nowymi krajami UE. W wyniku przeprowadzonych analiz potwierdzono występowanie zjawiska sigma-konwergencji cen gruntów rolnych w całej UE. Stwierdzono również, że w tzw. nowych państwach UE oraz pomiędzy państwami należącymi do tzw. starych państw UE nie zachodzi zjawisko sigma-konwergencji cen gruntów rolnych.
Abstract	The article raises the issue of dependence between agricultural land prices in the European Union countries. The aim of the article is to provide an answer to the following question: if the level of agricultural land price differentiation in the European Union is diminishing. The analysis covered prices of agricultural land in selected the EU countries in the period 2006 - 2016. The study was based on the occurrence of convergence in three dimensions: throughout the European Union, between the so-called old EU and between the so-called new EU countries. As a result of the conducted analyses, the phenomenon of sigma-convergence of agricultural land prices across the EU was confirmed. It was also found that in the so-called new EU countries and in so-called old EU countries there is no sigma convergence of agricultural land prices.
Cytowanie	Twardowska A. (2019) Konwergencja typu sigma cen gruntów rolnych w państwach Unii Europejskiej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 1: 133-143
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n1_s133.pdf

Autor	Barbara Wieliczko
Tytuł	Federalizm fiskalny i środowiskowy a polityka rolna
Title	Fiscal and Environmental Federalism vs. Agricultural Policy
Słowa kluczowe	polityka rolna, federalizm fiskalny, federalizm środowiskowy, skuteczność polityki, efektywność polityki
Key words	agricultural policy, fiscal federalism, environmental federalism, policy effectiveness, policy efficiency
Abstrakt	Stworzenie przez państwo skutecznej i efektywnej polityki rolnej jest niezmiernie trudnym zadaniem. Wydaje się, że zaprojektowanie właściwego zestawu instrumentów staje się tym trudniejsze im większego obszaru dotyczy. Celem artykułu jest próba odpowiedzi na pytanie, jak wielką rolę w tworzeniu i realizacji polityki rolnej w UE powinna odgrywać Komisja Europejska, a jak dużą rządy poszczególnych państw członkowskich. Odpowiedź na to pytanie bazuje na osiągnięciach teorii federalizmu fiskalnego i federalizmu środowiskowego. Artykuł opiera się na przeglądzie literatury oraz analizie optymalnego z punktu widzenia celów polityki rolnej zakresu kompetencji administracji publicznej w tworzeniu i wdrażaniu polityki rolnej przy uwzględnieniu aktualnych wyzwań stojących przed rolnictwem. Uzyskane wyniki pozwalają określić, jak zoptymalizować podział zadań związanych z polityką rolną między szczeblami administracji, co umożliwia wdrażanie skuteczniejszej i efektywniejszej polityki rolnej.
Abstract	The creation of an effective and efficient agricultural policy by the state is an extremely difficult task. It seems that designing proper agricultural policy becomes more difficult the larger the area. The aim of the article is to try to answer the question of what role in the creation and implementation of agricultural policy in the EU should be played by the European Commission, and by individual Member States. The answer to this question is based on the theories of fiscal and environmental federalism. The article is based on a review of literature and analysis of the optimal scope of public administration's competences in the creation and implementation of agricultural policy. The obtained results allow to determine how to optimize the division of tasks related to the agricultural policy between the levels of administration, which enables the implementation of a more effective and more efficient agricultural policy.
Cytowanie	Wieliczko B. (2019) Federalizm fiskalny i środowiskowy a polityka rolna.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 1: 144-152
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n1_s144.pdf

Autor	Natalia Wasilewska, Mirosław Wasilewski, Serhiy Zabolotnyy
Tytuł	Financial Sustainability and Value of Joint-Stock Companies from Food Industry in Central and Eastern Europe
Title	Financial Sustainability and Value of Joint-Stock Companies from Food Industry in Central and Eastern Europe
Słowa kluczowe	financial sustainability, value, food industry, Central and Eastern Europe
Key words	financial sustainability, value, food industry, Central and Eastern Europe
Abstrakt	The research presents the analysis of relations between financial sustainability and value of joint-stock companies from food industry in Central and Eastern Europe. Increase of volume of assets, shareholders’ equity and revenues demonstrated an improvement of financial sustainability and resulted in growing valuations of companies in the study period. Sample business entities achieved relatively high liquidity and profitability that proved their financial sustainability in terms of risk and return. At the same time rising operating profit margins and liquidity ratios determined higher enterprise value of joint-stock companies. This emphasized a positive relation between enterprise value and financial sustainability. Joint-stock companies demonstrated a robust capital structure with a minor decrease of corporate debt in 2011-2015. However changes in sources of financing could provoke a trade-off between financial sustainability and enterprise value. According to a regression model factors positively influencing enterprise value included revenue, cash and cash equivalents, operating profit, current liabilities and shareholder’s equity. Stimulating revenue and increasing operating profit as well as maintaining higher cash balances improves financial sustainability while debt extension can significantly deteriorate continuity of business.
Abstract	The research presents the analysis of relations between financial sustainability and value of joint-stock companies from food industry in Central and Eastern Europe. Increase of volume of assets, shareholders’ equity and revenues demonstrated an improvement of financial sustainability and resulted in growing valuations of companies in the study period. Sample business entities achieved relatively high liquidity and profitability that proved their financial sustainability in terms of risk and return. At the same time rising operating profit margins and liquidity ratios determined higher enterprise value of joint-stock companies. This emphasized a positive relation between enterprise value and financial sustainability. Joint-stock companies demonstrated a robust capital structure with a minor decrease of corporate debt in 2011-2015. However changes in sources of financing could provoke a trade-off between financial sustainability and enterprise value. According to a regression model factors positively influencing enterprise value included revenue, cash and cash equivalents, operating profit, current liabilities and shareholder’s equity. Stimulating revenue and increasing operating profit as well as maintaining higher cash balances improves financial sustainability while debt extension can significantly deteriorate continuity of business.
Cytowanie	Wasilewska N., Wasilewski M., Zabolotnyy S. (2019) Financial Sustainability and Value of Joint-Stock Companies from Food Industry in Central and Eastern Europe.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 1: 153-161
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n1_s153.pdf

Autor	Klaudia Zielińska
Tytuł	Unknown Future of the Banking Union’s Third Pillar
Title	Unknown Future of the Banking Union’s Third Pillar
Słowa kluczowe	banking union, deposit guarantee schemes, European Deposit Insurance Scheme
Key words	banking union, deposit guarantee schemes, European Deposit Insurance Scheme
Abstrakt	The aim of the article is to evaluate the process of building the third pillar of the banking union. The analysis of the problem required both subject literature studies and descriptive statistics. Time scope of the analysis covers the years 2012 until 2017. The relevant data used came from the European Central Bank and the European Banking Authority. The results of the study suggest that the creation of a European Deposit Guarantee Scheme is inevitable for further financial integration in the Eurozone but more detailed conditions need to be added to its implementation plan in order to have the scheme established. This stems from both the bad financial standing of some of the euro area banks and their dependency on the sovereign debt of their home and host countries. Studies also indicate low operational readiness of the national schemes, so a transition from re-insurance onto co-insurance phase will require increased efforts of both the Member States and the banks themselves.
Abstract	The aim of the article is to evaluate the process of building the third pillar of the banking union. The analysis of the problem required both subject literature studies and descriptive statistics. Time scope of the analysis covers the years 2012 until 2017. The relevant data used came from the European Central Bank and the European Banking Authority. The results of the study suggest that the creation of a European Deposit Guarantee Scheme is inevitable for further financial integration in the Eurozone but more detailed conditions need to be added to its implementation plan in order to have the scheme established. This stems from both the bad financial standing of some of the euro area banks and their dependency on the sovereign debt of their home and host countries. Studies also indicate low operational readiness of the national schemes, so a transition from re-insurance onto co-insurance phase will require increased efforts of both the Member States and the banks themselves.
Cytowanie	Zielińska K. (2019) Unknown Future of the Banking Union’s Third Pillar .Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 1: 172-179
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n1_s172.pdf

Autor	Urszula Bronisz, Andrzej Jakubowski
Tytuł	Rural Demographic Problem Areas in Poland
Title	Rural Demographic Problem Areas in Poland
Słowa kluczowe	rural areas, demographic problems, Poland
Key words	rural areas, demographic problems, Poland
Abstrakt	Demographic problem areas are perceived as one of the most important types of problem areas and require special research interest. Problem areas conditioned by population factor most often refer to rural areas. Presented article aims to identify and delimit rural demographic problem areas in Poland. The study covered rural areas distinguished on the basis of the classification of the European Commission DEGURBA The analysis enabled to identify depopulation areas, areas with disrupted population reproduction (ie areas of permanent natural decline), areas of permanent outflow of population, areas with impaired population structure by age and areas with disrupted population structure by sex in the group of people of marriage age (20-34 years). To indicate clusters of communes characterised by the presence of the unfavourable demographic phenomena and processes (rural demographic problem areas) the measure of local spatial autocorrelation (Anselin Local Moran's I) was applied. The application value resulting from the research may be the improvement of the effectiveness of public intervention carried out as part of the development policy.
Abstract	Demographic problem areas are perceived as one of the most important types of problem areas and require special research interest. Problem areas conditioned by population factor most often refer to rural areas. Presented article aims to identify and delimit rural demographic problem areas in Poland. The study covered rural areas distinguished on the basis of the classification of the European Commission DEGURBA The analysis enabled to identify depopulation areas, areas with disrupted population reproduction (ie areas of permanent natural decline), areas of permanent outflow of population, areas with impaired population structure by age and areas with disrupted population structure by sex in the group of people of marriage age (20-34 years). To indicate clusters of communes characterised by the presence of the unfavourable demographic phenomena and processes (rural demographic problem areas) the measure of local spatial autocorrelation (Anselin Local Moran's I) was applied. The application value resulting from the research may be the improvement of the effectiveness of public intervention carried out as part of the development policy.
Cytowanie	Bronisz U., Jakubowski A. (2019) Rural Demographic Problem Areas in Poland.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 2: 41-53
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n2_s41.pdf

Autor	Katarzyna Himstedt, Tomasz Kacprzak
Tytuł	The Influence of the Russian Embargo on the Economic Situation of Apple Producers in the Eastern Part of the Masovia Province
Title	The Influence of the Russian Embargo on the Economic Situation of Apple Producers in the Eastern Part of the Masovia Province
Słowa kluczowe	embargo, Russia, apple market
Key words	embargo, Russia, apple market
Abstrakt	The article concerns the effects of the Russian embargo on apple producers in Poland. Scientific literature is quite poor in this field, mainly information articles in industry literature and media information are available. The literature was reviewed in this respect and two studies (questionnaire and interview) were carried out. The information obtained allowed us to draw conclusions about the very large negative impact of the embargo on the apple market and to learn about its characteristics. New markets do not generate sufficient demand, in 2018 apple prices dropped below production costs, but this does not reflect in a drop in prices in stores, which means that price speculations take place, and the situation is used by realtors. It is necessary to quickly return to the Russian market, because soon it will be unrecoverable for Polish fruit farmers. It is also necessary to put pressure on the European Union's policy, because nowadays it is the Polish farmers who bear its effects to the greatest extent.
Abstract	The article concerns the effects of the Russian embargo on apple producers in Poland. Scientific literature is quite poor in this field, mainly information articles in industry literature and media information are available. The literature was reviewed in this respect and two studies (questionnaire and interview) were carried out. The information obtained allowed us to draw conclusions about the very large negative impact of the embargo on the apple market and to learn about its characteristics. New markets do not generate sufficient demand, in 2018 apple prices dropped below production costs, but this does not reflect in a drop in prices in stores, which means that price speculations take place, and the situation is used by realtors. It is necessary to quickly return to the Russian market, because soon it will be unrecoverable for Polish fruit farmers. It is also necessary to put pressure on the European Union's policy, because nowadays it is the Polish farmers who bear its effects to the greatest extent.
Cytowanie	Himstedt K., Kacprzak T. (2019) The Influence of the Russian Embargo on the Economic Situation of Apple Producers in the Eastern Part of the Masovia Province.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 2: 54-64
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n2_s54.pdf

Autor	Sylwia Kierczyńska
Tytuł	Zmiany w produkcji i eksporcie malin i wiśni w krajach Europy Południowej i Wschodniej i ich znaczenie dla produkcji w Polsce
Title	Changes in Raspberry and Sour Cherry Production and Export in Southern and Eastern Europe and Implications for Polish Production
Słowa kluczowe	produkcja malin, eksport malin, produkcja wiśni, eksport wiśni
Key words	raspberry production, raspberry export, sour cherry production, sour cherry export
Abstrakt	Celem pracy było zbadanie jak zmieniała się produkcja i eksport owoców, które są domeną polskiej produkcji na rynku międzynarodowym, czyli malin i wiśni, w krajach Europy Wschodniej i Południowej w okresie 2006-2017. Do analizy produkcji owoców wykorzystano dane pochodzące z bazy Faostat, a wielkości eksportu – dane z bazy Comtrade. Przeprowadzona analiza wskazała na rozwój produkcji oraz wzrost eksportu malin w krajach o mniejszym areale upraw tych owoców oraz stabilizację w krajach posiadających dużą powierzchnię upraw malin. W przypadku wiśni, w większości krajów, zarówno o dużej jak i małej powierzchni nasadzeń, potencjał produkcyjny oraz zbiory owoców tego gatunku zmniejszały się. Eksport wiśni zwiększał się szczególnie z krajów o mniejszym potencjale w produkcji wiśni. Rozwój produkcji i eksportu malin z krajów o dotychczas mniejszym potencjale produkcyjnym może w przyszłości stanowić konkurencję dla Polski na rynkach międzynarodowych.
Abstract	The aim of the study was to examine the changes in production and export of raspberries and sour cherries, which are the domain of Polish production on the international markets, in the countries of Eastern and Southern Europe during the 2006-2017. There was used data from Faostat database for the analysis of fruit production, and from Comtrade database for the analysis of export volume. Study points to the development of production and an increase in the export of raspberries in countries with a smaller area of cultivation of this fruit crops and stability in countries with a large area of crops of raspberries. In the case of sour cherries, in most countries, both large and small area plantings, production potential, and volume of production of fruit of this species declined. The export of sour cherries increased particularly from countries with less potential in the production of sour cherries. The development of the production and export of raspberries from countries with lower production capacity may in the future be competition for Poland on the international markets.
Cytowanie	Kierczyńska S. (2019) Zmiany w produkcji i eksporcie malin i wiśni w krajach Europy Południowej i Wschodniej i ich znaczenie dla produkcji w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 2: 65-76
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n2_s65.pdf