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Autor	Aleksandra Wójcicka, Tomasz Wójtowicz
Tytuł	Wykorzystanie analizy wskaźnikowej w ocenie zdolności kredytowej przedsiębiorstwa – szanse i zagrożenia
Title	The ratio analysis in borrowing power of enterprises assessment – opportunities and menaces
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Abstract	Facing a global financial crisis the traditional financial analysis encounters entirely new challenges. Credit risk models used by banks require a dynamic analysis supplement. A cash fl ow is the base for such analysis which is performed more often than once a year, preferably quarterly. It will allow monitoring the financial standing of a company better not only before but also after giving a credit. In turn, the implementation of a working capital integrated management system in a company applying for a credit will limit its credit needs and improve the index analysis results both in static and dynamic approach
Cytowanie	Wójcicka A., Wójtowicz T. (2009) Wykorzystanie analizy wskaźnikowej w ocenie zdolności kredytowej przedsiębiorstwa – szanse i zagrożenia.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 78: 69-80
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n78_s69.pdf

Autor	Sławomir Juszczyk, Artur Nagórka
Tytuł	Finansowanie typu mezzanine jako rozwiązanie pośrednie między emisją akcji a kredytem bankowym
Title	Mezzanine fi nance as the type of fi nancing placed between the shares issue and the bank credit
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Abstract	Company in order to grow needs financing. The classic way is to acquire a credit from the bank. This is directly linked with the question of collateral what in case of the company is not the obvious choice. Another classic way of fi nuancing the company is the share issue. This solution is however linked with the question of ownership that is unavoidably diluted with every issue. Sometimes the company is on a excellent path of growth, does not want to disperse ownership, has already used all available asset for a collateral and still needs some capital because of the scale of the project. In this case the solution might be any of private capital sources. The possibility known since the 80’s is “mezzanine finance”. This is financing that combines some features of credit with some features of share issue and comes from the private investors. Because of its collateral, investment time range and the ways of running the company it is perceived to be appropriate for several years large projects generating sizeable and stable cash flows. This is as well a good path of development for the family run businesses where there is no evident heir and the management wishes to take over the company but lacks sufficient capital. Particularly in the times of crisis when the banks impose tight rules on credit policy and the stock exchange investors are reluctant to take any risks the mezzanine finance may be an answer for companies capital needs.
Cytowanie	Juszczyk S., Nagórka A. (2009) Finansowanie typu mezzanine jako rozwiązanie pośrednie między emisją akcji a kredytem bankowym.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 78: 47-58
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n78_s47.pdf

Autor	Mirosław Wasilewski, Serhiy Zabolotnyy
Tytuł	Sytuacja finansowa przedsiębiorstw o odmiennych strategiach zarządzania kapitałem obrotowym
Title	Financial situation of the enterprises of different working capital strategies
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Abstract	In the article the relations between opposite approaches to working capital management and chosen financial ratios are defined on the example of stock companies from food processing industry. In the enterprise Kofola S.A. using an aggressive working capital strategy a low level of liquidity, short cycles of current assets’ conversion and negative cycles of cash conversion appeared. Profitability of business and the value of EVA were low in this company. In the enterprise Wilbo S.A. using conservative strategies, high level of liquidity ratios, longer cycles of current assets’ conversion and cash conversion. Conservative strategy of Wilbo S.A. was characterized by negative rates of profitability and negative rate of return for owners built on EVA. Opposite approaches to working capital management do not ensure required rates of return from invested capital for shareholders. That is why the synchronization of partial strategies of the enterprise is very important.
Cytowanie	Wasilewski M., Zabolotnyy S. (2009) Sytuacja finansowa przedsiębiorstw o odmiennych strategiach zarządzania kapitałem obrotowym.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 78: 5-20
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n78_s5.pdf

Autor	Jarosław Poteraj
Tytuł	Analiza porównawcza efektywności powszechnych towarzystw emerytalnych na przykładach firm z grup kapitałowych Poczty Polskiej i Allianz
Title	Comparative analysis of the public pension societies on examples of companies from Poczta Polska and Allianz groups
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Abstract	On the base of the public pension societies from Poczta Polska and Allianz capital groups the author makes the efficiency analysis in two scientific perspectives– of the company and the owners of capital. Research methods used by the author were ROE indicator method and NPV method, enriched by IRR method. In the summary the author concludes that analysed companies reveal the high efficiency – in the case of ROE indicator for Poczta Polska project on the level of over 46%, and for Allianz project on the level of over 11%, and in the long-term owners perspective, measured by IRR, the level of 4.74% and 10.22% respectively. Simultaneously the Poczta Polska project received better mark in present perspective and Allianz project in the long-term owners perspective.
Cytowanie	Poteraj J. (2009) Analiza porównawcza efektywności powszechnych towarzystw emerytalnych na przykładach firm z grup kapitałowych Poczty Polskiej i Allianz.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 77: 77-88
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n77_s77.pdf

Autor	Sławomir Juszczyk, Artur Nagórka
Tytuł	Fundusze parasolowe i lokaty bankowe jako miejsce gotówki przedsiębiorstwa
Title	The umbrella funds and bank locations as the place for cash of companies
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Abstract	Financial liquidity is one of the most important factors for the company growth and everyday operations. Since the mid of XX century there have been some attempts to find a right level of cash to be held by a company. Similar research was involved in deciding what to do when there is a surplus of cash that is going to be kept by the company for future purposes. The bank location could be good solution, but investment fund as the place for placing cash for a period of time is probably better. The rules of investment funds in Poland prevent an investor from any risk of fraud. Simultaneously there are some investment risks according to the profile of the given fund. From this point of view majority of investment funds are not suitable to serve as the place of investment for companies. The good solution is a money market fund due to the fact that only very low risk, or almost no risk, papers are in the portfolio of such funds. Obviously never very high yields are anticipated but still they are higher than deposits and far more flexible. The money market fund is particularly suitable for an investment when money can be shifted to a more aggressive fund at the steady growth market conditions. The mechanism of conversion between the funds allows it but in normal circumstances the profits are taxed straight after the operation. In order to avoid it the companies that run legal investment funds in Poland (TFI) introduced so called “umbrella funds” where the money market fund is one of the subfunds and money could be easily moved to another fund without immediate taxation. Therefore the money market fund within the umbrella fund could be the good place to keep company cash surplus.
Cytowanie	Juszczyk S., Nagórka A. (2009) Fundusze parasolowe i lokaty bankowe jako miejsce gotówki przedsiębiorstwa.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 77: 19-30
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n77_s19.pdf

Autor	Grażyna Karmowska, Anita Małecka
Tytuł	Ocena kondycji finansowej przedsiębiorstwa PGE
Title	Evaluation of PGE company’s financial condition
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Abstract	Economical estimation rating should aid administrating, current and strategic. At present time, more and more important are methods to detect and evaluate threats for companies continue activity. For addition to traditional factor analysis there are discrimination functions to value bankruptcy threats. PGE company was used for research purposes (company activity: electric and heat energy generating, distribution and dealing). The aim was to estimate financial condition with the use of selected methods of economical analysis). Four models were selected: A. Hołda, E. Mączyńska, J. Gajdka and D. Stos, and the Poznań-based. On their basis it is possible to certify that the company did not belong to the bankruptcy endangered entities. Despite the fact that, specific factors (quick ratio, current ratio, return on equity, return on assets, return on sales, capital multiplier, total asset turnover) indicated that the company’s financial condition should be monitored due to a descending tendencies.
Cytowanie	Karmowska G., Małecka A. (2009) Ocena kondycji finansowej przedsiębiorstwa PGE.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 76: 109-120
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n76_s109.pdf

Autor	Mirosław Krajewski
Tytuł	System powiązania wskaźników w ocenie zarządzania kapitałami w przedsiębiorstwie
Title	The connection system of the capital management coeffi cients in enterprise assessment
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Abstract	The process of funding in enterprise joins two inseparable and mutually related problems in enterprise – the investments assets delimitation and identifying possible sources of financing, which from the managers point of view, should also includes the costs of gaining additional capital. The correct utilization of capital in enterprise requires continuous monitoring of the financial effects of its performance in aspect of possessed assets. It leads to formulating the establish definitions in relation to economic quantities which helps to identify the major efficient financing sources in company activity. The methods and analysis tools should asses the most profitable level of loan capital and assure possibility to create the early warning system before financial losses appear in enterprise.
Cytowanie	Krajewski M. (2009) System powiązania wskaźników w ocenie zarządzania kapitałami w przedsiębiorstwie.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 76: 61-71
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n76_s61.pdf

Autor	Barbara Wyrzykowska
Tytuł	Pomiar kapitału ludzkiego w organizacji
Title	THE MEASUREMENT OF THE HUMANE CAPITAL IN THE ORGANIZATION
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Abstract	The 21st century is the time of effective human capital management. In the traditional approach the enterprise’s value is influenced by amount of material assets and their ability to generate future profits estimated in cash flows. Most of the companies however build their economical power but basing only on book value is very limited. This suggests that there are assets visible to the market, but not reflected in the financial reports. In the assessment of companies’ running effectiveness and their market value there are several issues that become more and more important: knowledge, management’s and employees’ skills, innovations in company’s running, flexibility of management, promptness and quality of decision making. It seems that in the future swift and successful companies will make use the human capital reporting, what will give them competitive advantage at the valuation
Cytowanie	Wyrzykowska B. (2008) Pomiar kapitału ludzkiego w organizacji.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 66: 159-170
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2008_n66_s159.pdf

Autor	Sławomir Podlaski
Tytuł	Model funkcjonowania firmy hodowlano-nasiennej w Polsce
Title	FUNCTIONAL MODEL OF A PLANT BREEDING COMPANY IN POLAND
Słowa kluczowe	firma hodowlana, funkcjonowanie, model, Polska
Key words	plant breeding company, function, model, Poland
Abstrakt	W pracy przedstawiono docelowy model funkcjonowania polskiej firmy hodowlanej. Podkreślono konieczność uporządkowania otoczenia firm hodowlanych, w tym: wymuszenie na zapleczu naukowym hodowli materiałów wyjściowych, rezygnacji z hodowli komercyjnych odmian przez jednostki badawcze i uporządkowanie rynku nasiennego. W firmach hodowlanych powinna być przeprowadzona ich koncentracja oraz stworzone mechanizmy do intensyfikacji współpracy międzynarodowej. Ostatecznym celem zmian powinna być prywatyzacja firm hodowlanych.
Abstract	In the paper, the final functional model of a plant breeding company in Poland was presented. The necessity of proper arrangement of a function of plant breeding environment was underlined including: research institutes engaged in a prebreeding, resignation from the breeding of commercial varieties and to organize of seed market. Plant breeding companies would be concentrated and international cooperation among them should be strength. Privatization would be the final target of re-organization of plant breeding companies in Poland.
Cytowanie	Podlaski S. (2008) Model funkcjonowania firmy hodowlano-nasiennej w Polsce .Roczniki Nauk Rolniczych, Seria G, t. 95, z. 1: 174-182
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Pełny tekst	RNR_2008_n1_s174.pdf

Autor	Anna Bieniasz, Dorota Czerwińska-Kayzer
Tytuł	Faktoring jako źródło finansowania działalności bieżącej przedsiębiorstwa
Title	FACTORING AS A SOURCE OF FINANCING CURRENT ACTIVITY OF A COMPANY
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Abstract	There is some problem with availability of capital sources in SME section. Therefore the factoring could be a financial instrument supporting effective management of the liabilities. A sale of receivables improves the general financial situation of a company. Together with the usage of this instrument the enterprise has got possibility to benefit from a wide range of profits, which results in improved structure of financial statement and better financial condition. Moreover factoring is a catalyst which is increasing a cycle of capital index in whole economy
Cytowanie	Bieniasz A., Czerwińska-Kayzer D. (2008) Faktoring jako źródło finansowania działalności bieżącej przedsiębiorstwa.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 66: 85-96
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2008_n66_s85.pdf

Autor	Sławomir Juszczyk
Tytuł	Wykorzystanie opcji do ograniczenia ryzyka kursu walutowego
Title	USING OPTIONS TO LIMIT THE EXCHANGE RATE RISK
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Abstract	The paper presents the selected issues concerned possibility cooperation between companies and banks in the area of limiting the exchange rate risk. Additionally different ways of using this options were presented. This problem has a great meaning in the context of globalization of economic processes in regulation and real sphere. The economic conditions are still changing and create new challenges and possibilities for cooperation. Modern company which introduce the innovation product, producing on a big scale, should participate in the international labor division and on the international market. It caused necessity of planning economic operation, including financial one. It concerns also the risk connected with using loans in foreign currency
Cytowanie	Juszczyk S. (2008) Wykorzystanie opcji do ograniczenia ryzyka kursu walutowego.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 65: 43-58
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Autor	Justyna Franc-Dąbrowska, Małgorzata Zbrowska
Tytuł	Prognozowanie finansowe dla spółki X – spółka logistyczna
Title	FINANCIAL FORECASTING FOR A COMPANY X – A LOGISTIC BUSINESS
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Abstract	This study presents forecasted financial statements for the logistics company. The forecast was verified against actual results. Identified deviations were caused by random incidents, which couldn’t have been anticipated when forecast was made. It was found that financial forecasting is useful both in financial analysis and identification of strengths and weaknesses in corporate financial management
Cytowanie	Franc-Dąbrowska J., Zbrowska M. (2008) Prognozowanie finansowe dla spółki X – spółka logistyczna.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 64: 251-270
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2008_n64_s251.pdf

Autor	Anna Milewska, Anna Wolff
Tytuł	Kształtowanie płynności finansowej na przykładzie przedsiębiorstwa przemysłu chemicznego
Title	LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT ON THE EXAMPLE OF CHEMICAL INDUSTRY ENTERPRISE
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Abstract	The paper discusses the issue connected with assessing internal policy of liquidity management carried out in one of chemical industry enterprises in 2002–2006. The article includes the main questions from the field of enterprise finances, with special focus on their influence on financial liquidity of the company. The authors concentrated on such aspects as: characteristics of factors influencing maintenance of financial liquidity in the enterprise, their impact on financial condition of the company, as well as standard methods and tools enabling to assess and to improve the efficiency of financial liquidity management. Financial issues, discussed in the theoretical part of the article, were expressed practically and were used to study the reasons for and effects of difficulties connected with maintaining the right level of financial liquidity. The above mentioned difficulties were defined in the surveyed enterprise
Cytowanie	Milewska A., Wolff A. (2008) Kształtowanie płynności finansowej na przykładzie przedsiębiorstwa przemysłu chemicznego.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 64: 175-187
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2008_n64_s175.pdf

Autor	Irena Kropsz
Tytuł	Ocena struktur przepływów pieniężnych przedsiębiorstw branży rolno-spożywczej na Dolnym Śląsku
Title	ASSESSMENT OF CASH FLOW STRUCTURE OF FOOD INDUSTRY COMPANIES FROM LOWER SILESIA REGION
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Abstract	The paper assesses the cash flow structure of food industry companies from Lower Silesia region in 2002–2004. The research aimed to determine the directions of net cash flow in different types of business activity, namely: operational, investment and financial. Moreover the way the financial gross margin was generated has been assessed. The net profit worked out by the enterprise is not only one measure of its financial condition and not only condition of its existence. There are other important factors, out of which the cash flow is very important. The cash flow determines the liquidity and solvency of the company. The Cash Flow Account describes the flow of money between the balance at the beginning and the balance at the end of the period. It gives the possibility to assess the company’s ability to generate the cash. In short period the cash not the profit is of key importance for a company. Moreover it shows changes that took place in certain positions of balance sheet due to cash flows. It allows also to determine main direction of outflow of cash and to analyze the mechanisms which influence the financial situation of a company.
Cytowanie	Kropsz I. (2008) Ocena struktur przepływów pieniężnych przedsiębiorstw branży rolno-spożywczej na Dolnym Śląsku.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 64: 163-173
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Autor	Edyta Bombiak
Tytuł	Skuteczność narzędzi motywowania pracowników a sytuacja finansowa przedsiębiorstw sektora spożywczego
Title	EFFICIENCY OF MOTIVATION TOOLS VS FINANCIAL SITUATION OF COMPANIES FROM FOOD INDUSTRY
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Abstract	The paper aims to analyze links between the efficiency of motivation tools and the financial situation of companies from food industry. It argues that selection of efficient incentives influences the level of employees’ motivation. The better motivation effects with higher effectiveness of their work, which in return influences the improvement of financial condition of a company. The analysis have been made on the example of companies from food industry that are operating in Siedlce district
Cytowanie	Bombiak E. (2008) Skuteczność narzędzi motywowania pracowników a sytuacja finansowa przedsiębiorstw sektora spożywczego.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 64: 153-161
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2008_n64_s153.pdf

Autor	Mirosław Wasilewski, Serhiy Zabolotnyy
Tytuł	Kształtowanie i efektywność strategii płynności finansowej PKM DUDA S.A.
Title	THE FORMATION AND EFFICIENCY OF THE FINANCIAL LIQUIDITY STRATEGY IN PKM DUDA S.A.
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Abstract	The paper aims to present the formation process and define an efficiency of the financial liquidity strategy in the cross-sectional area income-risk in joint stock company PKM Duda S.A. The moderate and conservative strategies of current assets have accompanied an aggressive and moderate strategies of their financing. The tendency which decreased level of the aggressiveness of financial liquidity strategy, both in a property aspect as well as financial, determined in PKM Duda S.A. the reasonable strategy of the property-financial. The financial liquidity ratios were higher in a framework of the conservative strategies, and lower for aggressive strategies. The residual income was shaped on the lowest level together with more aggressive strategies, instead of obtaining higher amounts at conservative strategies of current assets and financing and the property-financial reasonable strategies
Cytowanie	Wasilewski M., Zabolotnyy S. (2008) Kształtowanie i efektywność strategii płynności finansowej PKM DUDA S.A..Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 64: 23-38
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2008_n64_s23.pdf

Autor	Krzysztof Prymon
Tytuł	Międzynarodowe Standardy Rachunkowości w kształtowaniu standingu finansowego przedsiębiorstwa
Title	INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS AND THEIR ROLE IN FORMING FINANCIAL STANDING OF A COMPANY
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Abstract	The paper attempts to demonstrate modern problems of evaluation of financial condition of a company. At the moment, the corporate accounting system in Poland is regulated both by the national Accountancy Law and International Financial Reporting Standards. As a result of such situation the financial results reported by company largely depend on the rules that are applied. The analysis conducted in the paper are executed on the example of the company Żywiec S.A.
Cytowanie	Prymon K. (2008) Międzynarodowe Standardy Rachunkowości w kształtowaniu standingu finansowego przedsiębiorstwa.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 66: 195-201
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2008_n66_s195.pdf

Autor	Grażyna Michalczuk
Tytuł	Przydatność informacyjna sprawozdawczości finansowej w zakresie wewnętrznie wytworzonych wartości niematerialnych
Title	INFORMATION USEFULNESS OF FINANCIAL REPORTING FOR INTERNALLY CREATED INTANGIBLE ASSETS
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Abstract	The present conditions of companies operation indicate the importance of intangible assets as a factor creating the market value of a company. That is why the indisputable characteristic of reporting information is providing the interested parties with the widest range of data concerning these intangible sources. The carried out in this paper analysis of the information scope of financial statement with regard to intangible assets allows to state that the current model of financial reporting does not follow new ways of creating and realizing these assets. It allows to report intangible assets internally created only in limited range, what restricts decision-making usefulness of financial reporting
Cytowanie	Michalczuk G. (2008) Przydatność informacyjna sprawozdawczości finansowej w zakresie wewnętrznie wytworzonych wartości niematerialnych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 66: 231-241
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2008_n66_s231.pdf

Autor	Mirosława Marciniak
Tytuł	Stan i perspektywy rozwoju społeczeństwa informacyjnego na obszarach wiejskich
Title	STATE OF ART AND PEROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT FOR INFORMATION SOCIETY AT POLISH RURAL AREAS
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Abstract	The paper is dedicated a problems concern with development of information society at the Polish rural areas. Based on statistical data (prepared by GUS) one can state, that from 2004 to 2006 the situation on village areas was slowly improving (in 2006, 46% households used computer and 25% had access to Internet), but goals of using Internet is still dissatisfied (especially in cases of: contact with public institution, e-banking). As an example of good working programs dedicated to village society are selected e-VITA program and Rzeczpospolita Internetowa program. Especially interesting is the “e-VITA” program, which is cofinancing by The Polish - American Foundation “Freedom”, The Support Village Foundation and company CISCO Systems Poland. The results of the program are following: 11 noncommercial computers nets on rural areas, many various workshops and information meetings, 400 persons participated in e- courses. In the future (2007–2013 year) local governments will have possibilities to receive financial support in frame of Regional Operating Programs
Cytowanie	Marciniak M. (2008) Stan i perspektywy rozwoju społeczeństwa informacyjnego na obszarach wiejskich.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 68: 29-40
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2008_n68_s29.pdf

Autor	Henryk Runowski
Tytuł	Wykorzystanie bilansu majątkowego w ocenie stanu i kierunków zmian sytuacji ekonomiczno-finansowej przedsiębiorstw hodowlanych
Title	How to use the balance sheet to assess the state of art and the changes of financial and economic situation of breeding companies?
Słowa kluczowe	bilans majątkowy, struktura i dynamika zmian, sytuacja ekonomiczno-finansowa przedsiębiorstw, spółki hodowlane
Key words	balance sheet, structure and dynamics of changes, financial and economic situation of companies, breeding companies
Abstrakt	Przedstawiono możliwości wykorzystania bilansu do oceny sytuacji majątkowej i ekonomiczno-finansowej przedsiębiorstw hodowli roślin i zwierząt Agencji Nieruchomości Rolnych. Zbadano kształtowanie się poziomu, dynamiki oraz struktury aktywów i pasywów badanych przedsiębiorstw w latach 1997-2007. Uzyskane wyniki mogą stanowić podstawę do porównywania wyników przez poszczególne przedsiębiorstwa hodowli roślin i zwierząt do zaprezentowanych w artykule średnich wartości dla całej grupy tych przedsiębiorstw.
Abstract	The paper aims to present the possibilities how to use the balance sheet to assess the state of art and the changes of financial and economic situation of breeding companies. There were analyzed plant and animal breeding companies owned by the Agency of Agricultural Property. There were analyzed the structure and dynamics of changes of both assets and liabilities of balance sheets in the period 1997-2007. The results could be used as a basis for comparisons for particular company with regard to whole analyzed group.
Cytowanie	Runowski H. (2008) Wykorzystanie bilansu majątkowego w ocenie stanu i kierunków zmian sytuacji ekonomiczno-finansowej przedsiębiorstw hodowlanych.Roczniki Nauk Rolniczych, Seria G, t. 95, z. 2: 7-19
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Pełny tekst	RNR_2008_T95_n2_s7.pdf