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Autor	Iwona Kowalczuk
Tytuł	Innowacyjność produktowa przedsiębiorstw branży spożywczej
Title	Product innovativeness of industrial enterprises on the food market
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Abstract	In the article the problem of product innovations in the food sector was described. In the first part, based on the literature data, chosen definitions and classifications of new products were presented, particularly taken into consideration food products. In the second part, the results of the Central Statistical Offi ce (GUS) researches about product innovativeness in industrial enterprises manufacturing food products and beverages were presented. In the third chapter of the article, based on the results of the questionnaire research carried out on the sample of 149 enterprises, the main directions of product innovations on the food marked were presented. The results of both the desk and the field researches indicate that the low level of innovativeness is characteristic for food sector in Poland and that the main trends of food product changes are: changes in appearance of products and packages, improvement of health proprieties of food, changes of taste, and improvement of the comfort of products use.
Cytowanie	Kowalczuk I. (2009) Innowacyjność produktowa przedsiębiorstw branży spożywczej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 75: 63-77
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n75_s63.pdf

Autor	Wiesława Lizińska
Tytuł	Integracja z Unią Europejską a handel artykułami rolno-żywnościowymi polskich przedsiębiorstw z krajami trzecimi
Title	Integration with European Union and trade of agri-food products Polish enterprises with extraunion countries
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Abstract	The main aim of this paper was to characterize geographic and goods structure of polish food and agriculture industry exports in years 2004–2008. The main reasons of beginning export activity were also examined as well as effects of joining The European Union to this industry. Moreover, the research showed the importance of export activity for agriculture and food companies and identified main export barriers to countries outside the EU. The research was conducted in 2008 among 30 enterprises exporting to extra-union markets. Export of Polish agrifood articles is mainly intra-exports (80%). The second most important export markets are the CIS countries, mainly Russia. The main problem arising from the integration with the EU was a large increase in competition in the market (59%). The surveyed firms share value of exports to total net revenue in 2008 was mainly below 20% (47%). Most of companies surveyed indicated existing rules and regulations (81%) as the main constraint to development of export within countries outside EU. Among the respondents, 46% of companies intended to expand their presence in the eastern markets, preferably through the development of exports.
Cytowanie	Lizińska W. (2009) Integracja z Unią Europejską a handel artykułami rolno-żywnościowymi polskich przedsiębiorstw z krajami trzecimi.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 75: 91-103
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n75_s91.pdf

Autor	Romuald Hanisz
Tytuł	Aktywna strategia finansowania warunkiem realności strategii przedsiębiorstwa w warunkach niepewności
Title	The active fi nancial strategy as a provision for enterprises plausibility of established strategy in uncertain conditions
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Abstract	The article focuses on financial strategy of Polish enterprises. In times of general economic insecurity and more difficult access to bank credits and loans, the strategy of obtaining the funds by enterprises should be more active. It ought to be based on a bigger range of financial sources offered by Polish and international finance markets. The emission of commercial paper is not so fully used as a source of financing
Cytowanie	Hanisz R. (2009) Aktywna strategia finansowania warunkiem realności strategii przedsiębiorstwa w warunkach niepewności.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 76: 5-15
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n76_s5.pdf

Autor	Marcin Ratajczak
Tytuł	Sytuacja finansowa małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Polsce w latach 2002–2007
Title	Financial situation of small and medium enterprises in Poland in 2002–2007
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Abstract	The purpose of the presented article is a presentation of analysis results concerning largeness of income in small and medium enterprises, with particular taking into consideration the yield of gross and net return in analyzed economic subjects. In the first part of article showed a meaning of enterprise and coherent in relation to economic development. Furthermore, the second part was devoted to the financial status of small and medium enterprises functioning on Polish market. The researched conducted in elaboration based on data from Polish Agency for Enterprise Development and include 2002–2007.
Cytowanie	Ratajczak M. (2009) Sytuacja finansowa małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Polsce w latach 2002–2007.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 76: 147-155
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n76_s147.pdf

Autor	Jacek Grzywacz
Tytuł	Ryzyko kredytowania małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Polsce
Title	The credit risk in fi nancing small and medium enterprises in Poland
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Abstract	The SME sector is a main stimulus of the economic development in Poland. The valid problems in this sector concern both aspects as leading the current business activity as well as a trouble keeping of the financial liquidity. Therefore the access to credit is conditioning the real opportunities of functioning on the market and its development today. However the cost of a bank loan in Poland effectively is still suppressing the investment enthusiasm of entrepreneurs. This cost, from bank point of view, is an outcome of the rigorous evaluation of the credit risk in activity of the small and medium enterprise sector.
Cytowanie	Grzywacz J. (2009) Ryzyko kredytowania małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 77: 5-17
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n77_s5.pdf

Autor	Sławomir Juszczyk, Artur Nagórka
Tytuł	Fundusze parasolowe i lokaty bankowe jako miejsce gotówki przedsiębiorstwa
Title	The umbrella funds and bank locations as the place for cash of companies
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Abstract	Financial liquidity is one of the most important factors for the company growth and everyday operations. Since the mid of XX century there have been some attempts to find a right level of cash to be held by a company. Similar research was involved in deciding what to do when there is a surplus of cash that is going to be kept by the company for future purposes. The bank location could be good solution, but investment fund as the place for placing cash for a period of time is probably better. The rules of investment funds in Poland prevent an investor from any risk of fraud. Simultaneously there are some investment risks according to the profile of the given fund. From this point of view majority of investment funds are not suitable to serve as the place of investment for companies. The good solution is a money market fund due to the fact that only very low risk, or almost no risk, papers are in the portfolio of such funds. Obviously never very high yields are anticipated but still they are higher than deposits and far more flexible. The money market fund is particularly suitable for an investment when money can be shifted to a more aggressive fund at the steady growth market conditions. The mechanism of conversion between the funds allows it but in normal circumstances the profits are taxed straight after the operation. In order to avoid it the companies that run legal investment funds in Poland (TFI) introduced so called “umbrella funds” where the money market fund is one of the subfunds and money could be easily moved to another fund without immediate taxation. Therefore the money market fund within the umbrella fund could be the good place to keep company cash surplus.
Cytowanie	Juszczyk S., Nagórka A. (2009) Fundusze parasolowe i lokaty bankowe jako miejsce gotówki przedsiębiorstwa.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 77: 19-30
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n77_s19.pdf

Autor	Grażyna Ancyparowicz
Tytuł	Bezpośrednie inwestycje zagraniczne w Polsce po akcesji do Unii Europejskiej
Title	The direct foreign investment in Poland after accession into EU
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Abstract	The accession of Poland to EU coincided with the growth phase of Polish economic cycle. However economies of western European countries had come into the phase of economic slowdown and western investors had been looking for the new areas of economic expansion, also among the new EU member countries. But the inflow of money into Poland in the form of Greenfi eld investments was lower than the amount of reinvesting profits and credits of companies, which gained foreign strategic investor before the accession. There have been used new efficient technologies – imported from Western Countries, which improved the competitiveness and modernity of goods produced in Poland. This process has been continued after the accession. The function of foreign capital in stimulation of Polish economy should not be assessed unambiguously, because the correlation ratio between the PKB growth and the inflow of Foreign Direct Investments is low. After accession the growth ratio was high as a result of activity of investors tightly connected with Polish market, which reinvested their profits for modernisation and extension of production. Synthetic indicator of the growth of wealth of Polish society was the increase of nominal GDP per capita – two and a half times – between 2000 and 2007. Although according to the purchasing power parity the GDP per capita has grown this time only about 50% (from 10,6 thou USD to 15,9 thou USD).
Cytowanie	Ancyparowicz G. (2009) Bezpośrednie inwestycje zagraniczne w Polsce po akcesji do Unii Europejskiej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 77: 89-103
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n77_s89.pdf

Autor	Krystyna Brzozowska
Tytuł	Współpraca aniołów biznesu z funduszami venture capital w Polsce
Title	The cooperation of business angels with venture capital funds in Poland
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Abstract	A level of innovations in economy has determined a growth of venture capital market. In well developed countries venture capital market plays a significant role in funding innovative projects, but in Poland, so far, a share of venture capital investors is still rather slight. After access of Poland to European Union, directed into increase of innovations in economy of member states, venture capital market has been accelerated, both in informal (business angels) and formal (venture capital funds) markets. There are some interactions between these groups of venture capital investors, like as cooperation, co-financing, and mainly keeping certain turn of funding – in early stages of project development– business angels, and further – venture capital funds. It should be underlined, that in Poland venture capital market has been developing in quite different way, not very similar to scheme worked out in other countries. It can be a result of relatively low level of venture capital market development and structural changes of overall environment
Cytowanie	Brzozowska K. (2009) Współpraca aniołów biznesu z funduszami venture capital w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 77: 105-114
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n77_s105.pdf

Autor	Artur Kowalczyk
Tytuł	Banki spółdzielcze w czasach kryzysu
Title	The cooperatives bank in times of financial crisis
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Abstract	The paper deals with the analysis of the cooperatives bank sector performance in Poland and was surveyed in 30.06.2008–30.06.2009. The research sample covered 60% participation of this sector in Poland and was based on Cooperative Bank Association data. During the research period recorded growing tendency of dynamic development of cooperative banks activity, measured by the level of the balance sum. The profitable relation between deposit and credit value allow to continue financial services, mainly for the credit activity development. The application of conservatism activity in cooperatives bank and strategy of avoiding involvement in risky instruments on capital market, assured high level of security performance
Cytowanie	Kowalczyk A. (2009) Banki spółdzielcze w czasach kryzysu.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 78: 33-45
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n78_s33.pdf

Autor	Joanna Paliszkiewicz
Tytuł	Próby wyceny kapitału intelektualnego – identyfikacja podstawowych problemów
Title	Attempts of the evaluation of the intellectual capital– identifi cation of essential problems
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Abstract	Contemporary enterprises increasingly appreciate the role of intangible assets in achieving competitive advantage. More and more enterprises are basing activity on intangible assets and especially on the knowledge and the information. The importance of these assets finding expression in the market valuation of enterprises, which frequently – on world stock exchanges – exceeds book value. In the article the methods of intellectual capital estimation were described, and the problems connected with it were identified.
Cytowanie	Paliszkiewicz J. (2009) Próby wyceny kapitału intelektualnego – identyfikacja podstawowych problemów.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 78: 117-125
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n78_s117.pdf

Autor	Anna Wasilewska
Tytuł	Wyposażenie i efektywność środków trwałych w gospodarstwach indywidualnych o różnych typach produkcyjnych
Title	Equipment and effi ciency of fi xed assets in various production types of farms
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Abstract	The paper presents changes of equipment and efficiency of fixed assets in relation to the financial outcomes of farms classified to various production types. The statistical base for the above analysis was the data from FADN system. Therefore analysed sample of farms was representative in aspect of production types in Poland. The research concerned farms which sold their production on the market. In this context the outcomes of analysis could lead to the improvements of farms’ organization in various types.
Cytowanie	Wasilewska A. (2009) Wyposażenie i efektywność środków trwałych w gospodarstwach indywidualnych o różnych typach produkcyjnych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 78: 223-235
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n78_s223.pdf

Autor	Magdalena Forfa
Tytuł	Przepływy pieniężne w zarządzaniu finansami przedsiębiorstw
Title	Cash flow in the management of fi nancial enterprise
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Abstract	The study presents the importance of cash flow in the management of financial enterprise. Cash flow is used for management of liquidity, bankruptcy prediction and credit risk assessment. The ratio analysis in research based on cash flow complements information about the financial situation and regards to cash approach. The traditional indexes calculated on the basis of data from the balance sheet and income statement do not provide complete information about the financial situation of the enterprise. This reflects from financial results which are considered as non-cash transactions, such as depreciation. Cash flow rules emphasized the importance of cash in a free market economy. The enterprise could generate the profit but due to the lack of liquidity it goes bankrupt. It is not mandatory for all enterprises to draw up the cash flow statement. For this reason, the analysis of cash flow is often ignored.
Cytowanie	Forfa M. (2009) Przepływy pieniężne w zarządzaniu finansami przedsiębiorstw.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 78: 248-260
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n78_s248.pdf

Autor	Joanna Szwacka-Mokrzycka
Tytuł	Przemiany na rynku żywności po przystąpieniu Polski do Unii Europejskiej
Title	The transformation of the food market in Poland after EU accession
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Abstract	The paper presents the nature, direction and scope of the changes the entire food marketing system has undergone since 2000. The recent changes in farms, processing and consumption and the determinants of the increase of the level of food market competitiveness are discussed. It is aimed to describe the general picture of the food market in Poland and will help to understand better the challenges and opportunities created in this area in last ten years, particularly after the EU accession
Cytowanie	Szwacka-Mokrzycka J. (2009) Przemiany na rynku żywności po przystąpieniu Polski do Unii Europejskiej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 79: 63-75
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n79_s63.pdf

Autor	Jan Hybel
Tytuł	Wpływ bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych na rynek pracy w Polsce w latach 2000–2007
Title	The influence of foreign direct investments on the labour market in Poland in the years 2000–2007
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Abstract	The develop of foreign direct investments (FDI) in Poland in 2000–2007 and their influence on creating the places of the work and enlargement productivity of labour are presented in this article. In the first part of the paper was presented analyze of dynamics level and structure FDI and their spacing location. Moreover, size and structure employment and productivity labour with part of foreign capital was presented. The main conclusion from this analyze is positive influence FDI on increase employment and level of efficiency and high regional diversification. The most number of work places was created in heavy economics (strong economically regions), mainly in voivodships: mazowieckie, wielkopolskie i dolnośląskie.
Cytowanie	Hybel J. (2009) Wpływ bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych na rynek pracy w Polsce w latach 2000–2007.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 79: 75-83
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n79_s75.pdf

Autor	Kinga Gruziel
Tytuł	Zróżnicowanie obciążeń podatkowych z tytułu podatku rolnego w indywidualnych gospodarstwach rolnych
Title	The differentiation of tax burdens incurred by the agricultural tax concerning private farms
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Abstract	The aim of the paper is to define the size and differentiation of agricultural tax concerning farms participating in the system of accounting data collection system FADN in years 2004–2007. The agricultural farms were classified according to the area of productive land and by type of the farming. The highest agricultural taxation was found in the smallest farms areas and in types: „ field crops” and „mixed crops”. In these groups of farms low relation of the agricultural tax to the size of support from the government was observed. This relation showed the real decrease of agricultural taxation burdens what resulted in the decrease of market accommodation processes.
Cytowanie	Gruziel K. (2009) Zróżnicowanie obciążeń podatkowych z tytułu podatku rolnego w indywidualnych gospodarstwach rolnych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 79: 149-161
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n79_s149.pdf

Autor	Gabriel Główka
Tytuł	Finansowanie inwestycji jednostek samorządu terytorialnego kredytem bankowym
Title	Bank credit in fi nancing of local government investments
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Abstract	The aim of the paper is the evaluation of the scope, tendencies and terms of financing by bank credits the investments which are undertaken by local governments. The analyses showed that dynamics of bank debt of local governments is high. The structure of debt indicates that local government entities take mainly investment credits. They can borrow from international financial institutions like World Bank or European Bank of Development and Reconstruction or domestic banks: universal and mortgage banks. The universal banks dominate on investment credit market. However, the growth of activity of mortgage banks is observed The rate of growth of self governments entities debt in mortgage banks is high, although, their share in total debt is stable and one digital.
Cytowanie	Główka G. (2009) Finansowanie inwestycji jednostek samorządu terytorialnego kredytem bankowym.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 80: 83-95
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n80_s83.pdf

Autor	Anna Mazurkiewicz-Pizło
Tytuł	Enoturystyka czynnikiem poprawy konkurencyjności regionów z uprawą winorośli na przykładzie Węgier
Title	Enotoursim as a factor improving competitiveness of viticultural regions on the example of Hungary
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Abstract	The aim of the study was to analyze selected activities of producers of Hungarian wines aiming at building and strengthening a brand in a context of enotourism development in wine-producing regions. Taking it into account, there were presented characteristic wine-producing regions in Hungary as an exemplify cation of their enotouristic potential as well as selected marketing activities taken up by producers of Hungarian wines
Cytowanie	Mazurkiewicz-Pizło A. (2009) Enoturystyka czynnikiem poprawy konkurencyjności regionów z uprawą winorośli na przykładzie Węgier.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 80: 97-108
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n80_s97.pdf

Autor	Joanna Rakowska
Tytuł	Egzemplifikacja i kategoryzacja innowacji na rynku owoców i produktów owocowych w Polsce
Title	Examples and categorization of recent fruit market and fruit product innovations in Poland
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Abstract	The research aimed at making an inventory of recent and ongoing fruit market and fruit product innovations and at assessing what new or improved features they offer, and whether consumers are able to identify and/or recognise them. The list of innovations obtained has been coded, categorised, sorted, and reduced in subsequent stages. First, the examples received were categorised according to the Oslo Manual definitions. Second, product and marketing innovations were selected, as they are the only ones that were likely to be recognised by consumers. Next, the analysis revealed that the novelties these innovations offered related to Convenience, Health, Differentiation, Target Group, Information, Sensory Characteristics, In Home and/or Out of Home and Quality. Some innovations offered only one novel aspect, whereas others offered multiple aspects. Interrelationships between novel aspects are discussed for those innovations that offered a combination of aspects.
Cytowanie	Rakowska J. (2009) Egzemplifikacja i kategoryzacja innowacji na rynku owoców i produktów owocowych w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 80: 109-116
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n80_s109.pdf

Autor	Mariusz Grębowiec
Tytuł	Czynniki warunkujące jakość oraz ich wpływ na podejmowanie decyzji nabywczych na rynku gastronomicznym
Title	Quality conditioning factors and their influence on taking purchasing decisions in the catering market
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Abstract	The aim of this article was to gauge importance of quality, including quality assuring systems in purchasing decisions making on gastronomic market. In the thesis primary and secondary methods of research were used. Within the framework of secondary research the following issues were presented: the very idea of quality, quality management in food sector as well as the characteristics of modern customer and the analysis of gastronomic market in Poland. Primary research was based on a survey among customers of food offered on gastronomic market.
Cytowanie	Grębowiec M. (2009) Czynniki warunkujące jakość oraz ich wpływ na podejmowanie decyzji nabywczych na rynku gastronomicznym.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 80: 117-130
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n80_s117.pdf

Autor	Magdalena Kozera
Tytuł	Niektóre uwarunkowania pomiaru kapitału intelektualnego przedsiębiorstw rolnych
Title	Selected conditions for measuring the intellectual capital in agricultural enterprises
Słowa kluczowe	kapitał intelektualny, metody pomiaru kapitału intelektualnego, gospodarstwo rolne
Key words	intellectual capital, the methods of measurement of intellectual capital, agricultural farms
Abstrakt	W artykule przedstawiono niektóre uwarunkowania pomiaru kapitału intelektualnego w przedsiębiorstwach rolniczych. Omówiono znaczenie tego kapitału, jako niepowtarzalnego zasobu przedsiębiorstwa, wyróżniającego je spośród innych podmiotów konkurujących. Przedstawiono niektóre metody pomiaru kapitału intelektualnego w przedsiębiorstwach pozarolniczych. Zarysowano autorską koncepcję pomiaru tego kapitału w gospodarstwach rolnych.
Abstract	The aim of the paper was an attempt to show the essential terms of measurement of intellectual capital in agricultural farms. The meaning of this capital as a unique resource of enterprises, which distinguishes the enterprise from the others in a competitive market is discussed. Possible measuring methods of intellectual capital in agricultural farms, beginning with methods proven in other sectors of economy, have been presented and the author’s own concept for estimation of this capital in agricultural farms outlined.
Cytowanie	Kozera M. (2009) Niektóre uwarunkowania pomiaru kapitału intelektualnego przedsiębiorstw rolnych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 9(24), z. : 77-82
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2009_T9(24)_n_s77.pdf