| 81. |
Scientific Journal Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW - Problems of World Agriculture, 2006 |
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Tachytskaya K. Estimation of formation and use of manpower
| Autor | Katsiaryna Tachytskaya |
| Tytuł | Estimation of formation and use of manpower |
| Title | Estimation of formation and use of manpower |
| Słowa kluczowe | |
| Key words | multilateral trade negotiations, bilateral trade agreements, Doha round, Development round |
| Abstrakt | |
| Abstract | The GATT agreement was the first to include agriculture and to cover both border protection and domestic and export subsidies for agricultural products. The round completed successfully in 1994. The subsequent Doha or Development round aimed at furthering progress launched in GATT has not been so successful. This paper explores why the Doha round has been difficult and why it now appears there will not be a meaningful agreement. Developing countries are much more numerous today in WTO, and they insist on an agreement to better their situation. Agricultural subsidies are still a major impasse between rich and poor countries. The absence of the industrial sector to balance agriculture also is an impediment. Furthermore, bilateral and regional agreements have made much more progress and provide many of the gains that might eventually come from a multilateral agreement. Recent work has concluded that domestic reforms are key to achieving the gains of any trade agreement, and they will be essential for Poland to capture the gains from EU membership |
| Cytowanie | Tachytskaya K. (2006) .Scientific Journal Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW - Problems of World Agriculture, t. 14, z. : 93-96 |
| HTML | wersja html |
| Pełny tekst | PRS_2006_T14_n_s93.pdf |
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| 82. |
Roczniki Nauk Rolniczych, Seria G, 2006 |
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Kołoszko-Chomentowska Z. Płatności bezpośrednie a sytuacja ekonomiczna gospodarstw rolniczych*
| Autor | Zofia Kołoszko-Chomentowska |
| Tytuł | Płatności bezpośrednie a sytuacja ekonomiczna gospodarstw rolniczych* |
| Title | The direct subventions and the economic position of farms |
| Słowa kluczowe | dopłaty bezpośrednie, gospodarstwo, dochód |
| Key words | direct subventions, farm, income |
| Abstrakt | Opracowanie jest próbą oceny wpływu dopłat bezpośrednich na sytuację ekonomiczną gospodarstw rolniczych. System ten obejmuje wszystkich producentów rolnych posiadających grunty o powierzchni powyżej 1 ha. W roku 2004 rozpoczęto realizację dopłat bezpośrednich. Stwierdzono, że rola dopłat bezpośrednich zależy od powierzchni użytków rolnych. W gospodarstwach mniejszych dopłaty pełnią funkcję socjalną. Ich udział w dochodzie z gospodarstwa przekraczał 85%. Większe korzyści odczuli rolnicy użytkujący duże zasoby ziemi. Średni udział dopłat bezpośrednich w dochodach rolniczych wynosił 46,5% w gospodarstwach woj. podlaskiego i 38% w woj. kujawsko-pomorskim. |
| Abstract | The direct subventions following the Mc Sharry’s reforms introduced to compensate the cuts of guaranteed prices concerned the basic agricultural products. They make a financial support for the land production as the first pillar of the Common Agriculture Policy. The standard system of direct subsidies is operative within the UE-15 countries. As far as the newcomers are concerned, the simplified one has been provided temporarily. The latter involves every farmer with the ground area larger than 1 hectare. The first payments under this system were implemented in 2004. This paper is an approach to detect an influence of the direct subventions on the economic position of land holdings. The importance of direct subsidies has been found to be dependent on the arable land area. In small farms, the subsidies serve the purpose of social support. They constitute more than 85% of agricultural income. The owners of large farmland acreage got more considerable benefits out of the subsidies. In farms of Podlasie province and Kujawy and Pomerania one, respectively, a mean share of direct subsidies in the agricultural income was 46.5% and 38%. |
| Cytowanie | Kołoszko-Chomentowska Z. (2006) Płatności bezpośrednie a sytuacja ekonomiczna gospodarstw rolniczych* .Roczniki Nauk Rolniczych, Seria G, t. 92, z. 2: 91-99 |
| HTML | wersja html |
| Pełny tekst | RNR_2006_n2_s91.pdf |
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| 83. |
Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, 2004 |
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Madras-Majewska B., Majewski J. Opłacalność produkcji pszczelarskiej w Polsce
| Autor | Beata Madras-Majewska, Janusz Majewski |
| Tytuł | Opłacalność produkcji pszczelarskiej w Polsce |
| Title | The Profitability of Honey Production in Poland |
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| Abstract | The article treats about bee keeping which is a very important element of agriculture. The most important role of bees in environment is plants pollination. Bee colonies produce honey, propolis, bee wax and bee bred. The situation in bee keeping in Poland was critical in the middle of the eighties. The number of apiaries decreased 4 times whereas the number of bee hives decreased 3 times by the end of the nineties. The biggest problems of Polish bee keeping are small average number of trunks in the apiary as well as beekeepers age. They are usually older people and are keeping bees as a hobby. Almost 60% of apiaries have only 20 bee colonies. Such apiaries cannot become the base of beekeeper family livelihood. Only beekeepers that have at least 1 OO colonies in and out apiary can get income high enough to fully support their families. They also have to sell honeybees' products directly to customers. Based on estimations and calculations authors state that Polish bee keeping has a chance to develop in the future. On one hand Polish beekeepers have a chance to get subsidies from EU as well as from Polish government. On the other hand they also have a possibility to gain profits selling their products. |
| Cytowanie | Madras-Majewska B., Majewski J. (2004) Opłacalność produkcji pszczelarskiej w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 53: 175-185 |
| HTML | wersja html |
| Pełny tekst | EIOGZ_2004_n53_s175.pdf |
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