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Autor	Irena Achonen, Greta Gruodė, Jolita Variakojiene
Tytuł	Pandemic Impact on Lithuania‘s tour operators
Title
Słowa kluczowe	tour operators, COVID-19, pandemic, tourism, Lithuania
Key words
Abstrakt	Lithuania tourism market was one of the fastest growing in Europe in 2019. All around the globe 2019 was a year of records for travelling, but 2020 changed everything. At the moment COVID-19 pandemic is one of the most important and relevant factor for influencing Tourism sector. It changed the way we‘re working, travelling, communicating, it had a huge negative effect on specific sectors there people meet, spend time together. Tour operators are one of the most affected in the business world because of economic and political reasons: for most of the year countries have travelling restrictions, borders closed, obligation for testing before and after travelling and in general consumer behaviour is changed due to the safety reasons. This paper aims to analyze the impact of pandemic to Lithuania‘s Tour operators as well as present the overview of previous year numbers of tourism. Qantative research – a survey was conducted with the most active Lithuania‘s tour operators, working with inbound, outbound and domestic tourism in order to find out their opinion of previous year and currently happening change. Results are presented in a paper. Topic is extreemly relevant these days and the paper reveal the current situation in Lithuania‘s travel market.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Achonen I., Gruodė G., Variakojiene J.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2021_n15_s59.pdf

Autor	Тetiana Bilushchak, Sofia Kolos
Tytuł	Functioning of book trailers in the development of literary tourism popularization in the context of hashtag analysis
Title
Słowa kluczowe	multimedia presentation, social networks, video advertising of books, book trailer, hashtags, statistics, literary tourism
Key words
Abstrakt	Based on the analysis of hashtags, it was found that the use of a multimedia format of book presentation as a book trailer on social networks is an effective means of promoting literary tourism. With the help of the “goal tree” method, an information model of the functioning of book trailers in the development of literary tourism popularization was created. The creation of a “goal tree” in the study provided an opportunity at the stage of information modeling to show the subordination and relationship of goals, which demonstrates the division of the overall goal into sub-goals, objectives and individual actions.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Bilushchak Т., Kolos S.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2020_n13_s19.pdf

Autor	Vicky Katsoni, Tilemachos Koliopoulos
Tytuł	Innovative Airport Designs’ Infrastructures to support an Integrated Sustainable Tourism Policy for Sustainable Development and Public Health Protection
Title
Słowa kluczowe	Sustainable tourism, ICTs – Technological innovation in airports, public health protection, sustainable designs in tourism, tourism marketing management, renewable resources
Key words
Abstrakt	In this paper are investigated actions for public health protection in airports’ tourism facilities and actions that promote innovation at Airports’ sustainable construction infrastructures to minimize associated pollution threats. An integrated framework is presented based on a comprehensive and analysis of the community airport tourism centers and sustainable design facilities in sustainable construction infrastructures in transportation related to waste management facilities and energy recovery from landfill emissions that are produced at nearby places at airports. Research in Sustainable Airport Designs and Infrastructures is necessary to solve common operating problems, to adapt appropriate useful information technologies, and to introduce innovations into the airport tourism industry. The study reveals sustainability dimensions that are lagging or require much greater attention, such as sustainable designs, environmental management, monitoring, safety and public health protection of tourists at airport facilities. In this study are presented useful solutions for sustainable airport designs that promote sustainability supporting an Integrated Sustainable Tourism Policy for Public Health Protection and Sustainable Development within associated infrastructures and airport facilities. Useful conclusions are made for the airport tourism industry, sustainable infrastructures, environmental technologies, renewable resources, sanitary facilities and associative infrastructures developing innovative near-term solutions to meet demands placed on it.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Katsoni V., Koliopoulos T.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2020_n13_s43.pdf

Autor	Alina Katunian, Jolita Variakojiene, Lina Zirnele,
Tytuł	Theoretical and practical assumptions of the business travel organization. Lithuanian case
Title
Słowa kluczowe	business trips, business tourism, MICE, Lithuania
Key words
Abstrakt	The aim of this article is to analyse the theoretical and practical assumptions of the business travel organization. Development of the business tourism and growth of the business trips was mainly influenced by the development of the international business. Nowadays business tourism is in a great request, business travellers book a lot of tourism services, for instance: accommodation, transportation, insurance and other services. Different companies have different approach and capabilities towards organization of the business trips: organizing through tour operators, self-organizing by the employees, organizing by the tourism professionals employed in the company. The article reviews the tendencies and represents the Lithuanian case of the business travel organization.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Katunian A., Variakojiene J., Zirnele, L.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2020_n13_s59.pdf

Autor	Nining Kusnanik, Nurhasan Nurhasan, Panji Pambudi
Tytuł	Sustainable development of sport tourism in Banyuwangi
Title
Słowa kluczowe	sport tourism role, the effect on local content, sustainable development strategy
Key words
Abstrakt	This research has an aim to examine the role of Sport Tourism through the program of Banyuwangi festival (B-Fest) and the impact of local content and deciding sustainable strategy of Sport Tourism Development. This research uses descriptive associative research method with qualitative and quantitative approach. Data Collection method done by observation, direct interview, questionnaire and collect the data from related instance. The result of this analysis shows that: (1) Banyuwangi Festival Program (B-fest) successfully increase the number of visitor in Kawah Ijen and Pulau Merah within total contribution of 75.9%; (2) The effect of sport tourism toward the change of local community in Kawah Ijen, on economic aspect contribute 100%. On social aspect contribute 11.6%. Environmental aspect, edelweiss flower no longer to be seen, Javan lutung and deer are rarely to be seen. Social Aspect contribute 2.6% toward people prosperity, 0.2% toward local satisfaction, 12.7% toward people participation; (3) Development strategy on sustainable sport tourism using the model of Sport tourism Participation and oriented to tourism characteristic.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Kusnanik N., Nurhasan N., Pambudi P.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2020_n13_s117.pdf

Autor	Piotr Gabryjończyk, Jan Zawadka
Tytuł	The importance and popularity of tourism among disabled people in Poland
Title
Słowa kluczowe	tourism, tourist activity, people with disabilities, disabled people
Key words
Abstrakt	The aim of the study is to show the importance and popularity of tourism (including tourism behavior, expectations and preferences) among people with disabilities. The study was conducted at the beginning of 2018 on a sample of 434 disabled people with an appropriate medical certificate using a survey technique. Domestic trips, especially short-term ones, were the most popular. The respondents most often made one or two trips a year, the purpose of which was mainly leisure and sightseeing. The determinant of the selection of a specific offer was mainly the price. Coastal and mountain destinations were the most popular, and the respondents most often spent time walking and socializing.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Gabryjończyk P., Zawadka J.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2020_n13_s151.pdf

Autor	Alexandra-Maria Chirilas, Diana Foris
Tytuł	DEVELOPMENT OF AGRITOURISM THROUGH THE CONCEPT OF LOCAL GASTRONOMY POINTS
Title
Słowa kluczowe	agritourism, rural areas, local gastronomy
Key words
Abstrakt	This paper addresses issues regarding the new government initiative Local Gastronomic Points to develop rural areas with agritourism potential in Romania by highlighting the local gastronomy. The main objective of this research is to identify how the concept of Local Gastronomic Points is perceived in terms of the opinion of the owners who manage such businesses and to identify the implications of this concept in the development of agritourism. In this respect, qualitative marketing research based on the semi-structured interview method was conducted at the level of the rural tourist destination Vama Buzaului, Romania. The main conclusion of the study is that the Local Gastronomic Points is an initiative that demonstrates that it can generate horizontal development of the rural areas and the development of agritourism. The research results revealed that this concept enhances the local community and gastronomy. Starting from these results, we propose to design a unitary Gastro Local concept at the county level, which should include specific requirements regarding the culinary preparations and services, the standardization of the marking and signalling of these Points, and intense activity of information and tourist promotion. The results of the study are conclusive and relevant for stakeholders in agritourism, for the responsible public authorities in the field of tourism, to develop competitive rural tourist destinations. The paper also offers future research directions.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Chirilas A., Foris D.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2020_n4_s43.pdf

Autor	Dominik Dąbrowski, Katarzyna Radwańska, Janusz Sokół
Tytuł	Kierunki rozwoju agroturystyki na obszarze nadbużańskim
Title	DIRECTIONS OF GROWTH OF AGRO TOURISM IN THE NADBUŻAŃSKI REGION
Słowa kluczowe	turystyka, gospodarstwa agroturystyczne, dolina Bugu
Key words	tourism, agritourist farms, valley of Bug
Abstrakt	Dolina rzeki Bug to wyjątkowy obszar na terenie Polski, charakteryzujący się bogatymi walorami zarówno przyrodniczymi, jak i kulturowymi. To również tereny w dużym stopniu rolnicze i nieprzekształcone, a jednocześnie objęte ochroną prawną. W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań wśród właścicieli gospodarstw agroturystycznych 34 gmin usytuowanych na obszarze trzech województw (podlaskiego, lubelskiego i mazowieckiego) w dolinie rzeki Bug stwierdzono, iż atutami wpływającymi w znacznym stopniu na rozwój turystyki na badanym terenie są walory przyrodnicze terenu nadbużańskiego oraz wyjątkowa cisza i spokój, a także dostęp do istniejącej infrastruktury turystycznej. Wskazano również na dużą rolę informacji turystycznej, potrzebę jej popularyzacji (przez wydawanie albumów, katalogów i innych opracowań reklamowych) oraz utrzymania wysokiego standardu prowadzonych usług. Za główną barierę rozwoju agroturystyki uznano brak nawyku w społeczeństwie do wypoczynku weekendowego i sezonowość istniejących ofert.
Abstract	Valley of the Bug River is a unique area within the territory of Poland, characterized by rich natural and cultural values. These areas are of agricultural and undeveloped nature to a large degree, while at the same time being covered by legal protection. As a result of the conducted studies among agricultural land owners from 34 communes located in the territory of three provinces (podlaskie, lubelskie and mazowieckie) within the valley of Bug, it was noted that the advantages which largely impact the development of tourism in the area are the natural values of the area and a unique silence and peace, as well as access to the existing touristic infrastructure. Significant role of tourist information as well as the necessity to popularize it were also indicated - through issuing albums, catalogues and other commercial materials and maintainable of high standard of carried out services. The main growth obstacle for agro-tourism is the lack of habit in the society for weekend rest and seasonality of the existing offers.
Cytowanie	Dąbrowski D., Radwańska K., Sokół J. (2019) Kierunki rozwoju agroturystyki na obszarze nadbużańskim.Roczniki Naukowe Ekonomii Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich, t. 106, z. 1: 110-120
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Pełny tekst	RNR_2019_n1_s110.pdf

Autor	Małgorzata Bogusz
Tytuł	Zarządzanie produktami turystycznymi na przykładzie lokalnych grup działania
Title	Management of tourist products on the example of local action groups
Słowa kluczowe	turystyka na obszarach wiejskich, produkt turystyczny, lokalna grupa działania
Key words	tourism in rural areas, tourist product, Local Action Group
Abstrakt	Produktem turystycznym są wszystkie dobra i usługi nabywane przez turystów, jak i walory turystyczne, z których korzystają, a które są dla nich szczególnym przedmiotem zainteresowania. Celem opracowania było dokonanie charakterystyki i oceny produktów turystycznych powstałych oraz zarządzanych przy współpracy z lokalnymi grupami działania. W opracowaniu wykorzystano źródła wtórne. W części empirycznej dokonano analizy stron internetowych lokalnych grup działania, na których podstawie wytypowano trzy przykłady produktów turystycznych powstałych przy wsparciu lokalnych grup działania. Uzyskane wyniki badań, jednoznacznie wskazują na zaangażowanie lokalnych grup działania w rozwój turystyki na obszarach ich działalności, a opisane produkty mogą stanowić przykład na stworzenie marki danego regionu, przy jednoczesnym wykorzystaniu zasobów przyrodniczych, krajobrazowych oraz kulturowych i zaangażowaniu lokalnej społeczności.
Abstract	A tourist product is all goods and services purchased by tourists, as well as tourist values that they use and which are of particular interest to them. The purpose of the study was to characterize and evaluate tourism products created and managed in cooperation with Local Action Groups. Secondary sources were used in the study. In the empirical part, the websites of local action groups were analyzed, based on which three examples of tourist products created with the support of Local Action Groups were selected.Obtained research results clearly indicate the involvement of Local Action Groups in the development of tourism in their areas of activity, and the described products can be an example of creating a brand of a given region, while using natural, landscape and cultural resources, and the involvement of the local community.
Cytowanie	Bogusz M.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n11_s5.pdf

Autor	Arkadiusz Niedziółka
Tytuł	Ekonomiczno-społeczne uwarunkowania rozwoju usług turystycznychna obszarach wiejskich w wybranych gminach powiatu krakowskiego
Title	Economic and social determinants for the development of tourist services in rural areas in selected communes of the Krakow District
Słowa kluczowe	usługi turystyczne, obszary wiejskie, turystyka, agroturystyka
Key words	tourism services, rural areas, tourism, agritourist
Abstrakt	W opracowaniu przedstawiono najważniejsze ekonomiczno-społeczne uwarunkowania rozwoju usług turystyczno-rekreacyjnych na obszarach wiejskich powiatu krakowskiego według przedstawicieli wybranych samorządów gminnych. Materiał badawczy obejmował wyniki badań przeprowadzonych w sześciu z 17 gmin powiatu, posiadających najlepiej rozwiniętą infrastrukturę turystyczną oraz najatrakcyjniejsze walory przyrodnicze i kulturowe. Do badań wykorzystano kwestionariusz ankiety. Zawierał on pytania dotyczące czynników rozwoju usług turystyczno-rekreacyjnych w danej gminie oraz pytania związane z rolą władz lokalnych w tym procesie. Ankietę wypełnili specjaliści z samorządów, którzy zajmowali się promocją gminy oraz turystyką.
Abstract	In the article the most important economic and social determinants of tourism and recreational services in rural areas in Krakow District were presented according to representatives of selected municipal self-governments. The research material included the results of survey carried out in six from seventeen communes of the county, possessing the best developed tourist infrastructure as well as the most attractive natural and cultural values. The survey questionnaire was used for the research. It contained questions about the factors for the development of tourist and recreational services in a given commune and questions connected with the role of local authorities in this process. The survey was completed by specialists from local governments who dealt with the promotion of the commune and tourism.
Cytowanie	Niedziółka A.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n11_s63.pdf

Autor	Czesław Nowak
Tytuł	Dziedzictwo kulinarne i przyrodnicze w zarządzaniu rozwojem turystykiwiejskiej na przykładzie Norwegii
Title	Culinary and natural heritage in managing the development of rural tourism using Norway as an example
Słowa kluczowe	Norwegia, turystyka wiejska, dziedzictwo kulinarne, dziedzictwo przyrodnicze
Key words	Norway, rural tourism, culinary heritage, natural heritage
Abstrakt	Norwegia jest państwem o największym na świecie ekwiwalencie subwencji dla producentów rolnych – PSE w państwach OECD. Pomimo to od lat zmniejsza się tam zatrudnienie w rolnictwie i następuje wyludnianie obszarów wiejskich. Rozwój turystyki wiejskiej przyczynia się zarówno do spowolnienia tego procesu poprzez zwiększanie dochodów wiejskich gospodarstw domowych, jak i do zachowania tradycyjnego krajobrazu, wartości ekologicznych oraz dziedzictwa kulturowego, szczególnie kulinarnego. Za zarządzanie rozwojem turystyki na poziomie krajowym odpowiedzialne są głównie Ministerstwo ds. Klimatu i Środowiska, a szczególnie Departament Dziedzictwa Kulturowego i Środowiska Kulturowego i Departament Bioróżnorodności, a także Ministerstwo Rolnictwa i Żywności1. Na poziomie lokalnym dzięki innowacyjnemu podejściu do zarządzania przedsiębiorstwa turystyczne, chcąc ograniczyć negatywne skutki dużej sezonowości w tym sektorze gospodarki, przygotowują zarówno oferty typowe dla sezonu zimowego, jak i letniego. Umożliwia to zarówno lepsze wykorzystanie takich zasobów jak baza hotelowa oraz restauracje, jak i utrzymanie poziomu zatrudnienia pracowników.
Abstract	Of the OECD countries Norway has the world’s largest Producer and Support Estimate (PSE). Despite this, employment in agriculture has been decreasing for years and the rural population is dwindling. The development of rural tourism contributes to the slowing down of this process by increasing the income of rural households, as well as preserving the traditional landscape, ecological values and cultural heritage, especially culinary heritage. The Ministry of Climate and Environment (Department of Cultural heritage and cultural environment) and the Ministry of Agriculture and Food are mainly responsible for managing the development of tourism at the national level. At the local level – thanks to an innovative approach to management – tourism enterprises, wanting to limit the negative impact of high seasonality in this sector of the economy, are engaged in the preparation of not only typical winter sport offers, such as skiing, but also of summer sports. This facilitates the better use of resources such as hotels and restaurants, and also helps to maintain employment levels.
Cytowanie	Nowak C.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n11_s85.pdf

Autor	Raisa Kozhukhіvska, Vitalii Rybchak, Оlena Sakovska
Tytuł	Using of modern information and communication technologiesin the tourism
Title
Słowa kluczowe	tourism, consumer, Internet, information technologies, Internet service
Key words
Abstrakt	The importance of modern information and communication technologies in the economic and social life has steadily increased. The Internet creates new opportunities to provide services and meet needs. Tourism enterprises are interested in making a big profit from their sales and want the customers to give their preferences to them. The article deals with the peculiarities of Internet use by the tourism services consumers. Determined that the compared to traditional advertising technologies, Internet makes it possible to provide a dialogue with the consumer, to establish feedback and, in terms of investment, it is much cheape. The data representing the social characteristics of the sphere of Ukrainian Internet consumers are generalized. The main reasons and motives for making online purchases by tourism services consumers are indicated. The barriers that hinder the further development of Internet commerce and the promotion of online tourism services have been identified. Quantitative and qualitative research on the use of tourism Internet services in Ukraine has been carried out.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Kozhukhіvska R., Rybchak V., Sakovska О.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n11_s97.pdf

Autor	Anna Sieczko
Tytuł	Popyt na włoskie dania regionalne wśród polskich turystów i mieszkańców Włoch
Title	Demand for Italian regional dishes among Polish tourists and residents of Italy
Słowa kluczowe	turystyka kulinarna, kuchnia regionalna, środkowe Włochy
Key words	culinary tourism, regional cuisine, Central Italy
Abstrakt	Kuchnia włoska opiera się na produktach świeżych i łatwodostępnych z dodatkiem dużej ilości świeżych warzyw i przypraw. Cechuje ją także przystępność w wykonaniu, choć bywa czasochłonna. Dania przygotowywane są według starych, tradycyjnych receptur, co wpływa na różnorodność potraw i włoski charakter dań. Celem badania było pokazanie, na które dania regionalne istnieje popyt wśród polskich turystów, a które są preferowane przez mieszkańców Włoch przebywających w regionie Marche. Próba badawcza objęła 225 osób narodowości polskiej (w 2018 roku) i 125 osób narodowości włoskiej (w 2017 roku). Badanie zostało przeprowadzone z wykorzystaniem formularza ankiety w języku polskim i włoskim. Ulubionym daniem polskich respondentów okazała się pizza, a włoskich vincisgrassi, brodetto oraz passatelli. Z win zaś Verdicchio di Jesi, Rosso Conero i Rosso Piceno.
Abstract	Italian cuisine is based on products that are fresh and accessible in the vicinity, with the large amount of fresh vegetables and spices. It is also characterized by simplicity in making, but the process can be time consuming. Dishes are prepared according to old, traditional recipes, which affects the variety of meals and the Italian flavor of food. The aim of the study was to show which regional dishes are in demand among Polish tourists and which are preferred by Italian residents living in the Marche region. The research was based on a survey using a questionnaire form and included a sample of 225 Poles (in year 2018) and 125 Italians (in year 2017). The favourite dish of the Polish respondents was pizza while the Italian ones were vincisgrassi, brodetto and passatelli. Among the wines responders chose Verdicchio di Jesi, Rosso Conero and Rosso Piceno.
Cytowanie	Sieczko A.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n11_s107.pdf

Autor	Piotr Gabryjończyk, Iryna Kudinova
Tytuł	Motives for undertaking rural tourism activity and its economic and social benefits– comparison of Polish and Ukrainian theoretical perspective
Title
Słowa kluczowe	rural tourism, rural territories, motives, economic and social benefits
Key words
Abstrakt	The paper presents a comparison of the Polish and Ukrainian theoretical approaches to the motives for undertaking tourism activity in rural areas and its economic and social benefits. Based on the review of the Polish and Ukrainian literature of the subject, it presents the reasons for development of tourism in rural areas presented in both countries, the perceived profits associated with it, as well as the tasks of local administration expected in supporting it. A model of the overall impact of tourism (including rural tourism) on economic development was also presented for both countries. Finally conclusions were presented, regarding similarities and differences in approach to the above issues in both countries, as well as the resulting opportunities for cooperation.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Gabryjończyk P., Kudinova I.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n12_s33.pdf

Autor	Monika Wojcieszak-Zbierska
Tytuł	Koszty działań marketingowych gospodarstw agroturystycznych i możliwości ich finansowania
Title	The costs of marketing activities of agritourism farms and the possibilities of financing them
Słowa kluczowe	marketing, agroturystyka, Wielkopolska, promocja, przedsiębiorczość
Key words	agritourism, marketing, Wielkopolska region, costs, financing possibilities
Abstrakt	Jednym z cenionych i znanych agroturystycznych regionów Polski jest województwo wielkopolskie. Warunki przyrodnicze, bogata tradycja i kultura oraz obyczaje ludowe funkcjonujące na tym terenie powodują, że świadczenie usług agroturystycznych jest popularne wśród właścicieli gospodarstw. Chcąc być konkurencyjnym na rynku, usługodawcy korzystają z nowoczesnych technologii w zakresie promowania swojej oferty. Stosowanie działań marketingowych przy prowadzeniu gospodarstw agroturystycznych to bardzo ważny temat, gdyż świadczy on po pierwsze o przedsiębiorczości właścicieli, a po drugie stanowi doskonałą promocję gospodarstwa czy regionu. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie możliwości finansowania działań marketingowych oraz kosztów poniesionych przez właścicieli gospodarstw agroturystycznych z tytułu wykorzystywanych narzędzi marketingowych. Na podstawie przeprowadzonego badania można stwierdzić, że gospodarstwa korzystają z narzędzi marketingowych, jednakże właściciele deklarują, że przeznaczają niewielką kwotę na tego typu działanie.
Abstract	Agritourism is one of the most popular forms of rural tourism. The Wielkopolskie region is a valued and well known agritourism region of Poland. Natural conditions, rich tradition and culture as well as folk customs functioning in this area make the provision of agritourism services popular among farm owners. In order to be competitive on the market, hosts use modern technologies to promote their products and services. The application of marketing activities while running agritourism farms is a very important subject, as it proves, first of all, the entrepreneurship of the owners and, secondly, it is an excellent promotion of the farm or the region. The aim of this article is to indicate the possibility of financing marketing activities and costs incurred by the owners of agritourism farms due to the marketing tools used. The article attempts to present the financing of marketing activities in agritourism and the costs incurred by the owner of the used marketing tools in Poland. The research was carried out among agritourism farms located in the Wielkopolskie region. On the basis of the conducted research it can be stated that the farms use marketing tools, however, the owners declare that they allocate a small amount of money to this type of activity.
Cytowanie	Wojcieszak-Zbierska M.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n12_s129.pdf

Autor	Ioana Comanescu, Diana Foris, Tiberiu Foris
Tytuł	TRENDS IN ROMANIAN AGRITOURISM IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
Title
Słowa kluczowe	agritourism, agritourism infrastructure and accommodation capacity, tourist arrivals, sustainable development
Key words
Abstrakt	Agritourism plays an important role for sustainable development, acting as integrator for other economic sectors, like agriculture, transport, services, preserving the traditions and historical heritage. This study presents the analysis of the evolution of the agritourism infrastructure and of the main tourism indicators for Romania as agritourism travel destination, emphasizing the importance of this sector in the development of the tourism industry. Quantitative and comparative analyses were carried out regarding the total number and the existing accommodation capacity for tourist boarding houses and agritourist boarding houses and the numerical evolution for domestic arrivals and international arrivals throughout the period between 2006 and 2016. In conclusion, Romania is an important agritourism destination, well known at national and international level for its natural and anthropic resources in rural areas.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Comanescu I., Foris D., Foris T.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n1_s81.pdf

Autor	Agata Balińska, Piotr Gabryjończyk, Anna Sieczko, Jan Zawadka
Tytuł	MODERN CHALLENGES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN RURAL AREAS
Title
Słowa kluczowe	agritourism, rural areas, development
Key words
Abstrakt	The purpose of the article is to indicate the most important challenges for the development of rural tourism in Poland. Attention is also paid to the research problems in the field of the studied issues identified during the scientific activity of employees of the Division of Tourism and Country Development, Faculty of Economic Sciences at Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW. The research method was the analysis of scientific articles published by the employees of the Department. The complexity of the issue of exploring the demand and supply side of rural tourism was indicated. Also, the most interesting or symptomatic elements for the further development of the scale and character of the described phenomenon were noted. In the forefront are the changes postulated by demand, forcing specific reactions accommodation providers. Therefore, there is a need to adjust supply side support to implement solutions that meet the expectations of tourists.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Balińska A., Gabryjończyk P., Sieczko A., Zawadka J.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n1_s268.pdf

Autor	Halina Powęska
Tytuł	RURAL AREAS OF POLAND AS THE BENEFICIARY OF EUROPEAN UNION FUNDING 2007−2013(15) FOR CULTURAL PROJECTS
Title
Słowa kluczowe	rural areas of Poland, EU structural funds, cultural heritage
Key words
Abstrakt	The paper presents the issues relating to the use of EU funds for cultural heritage projects in rural areas in Poland in the years 2007–2015. The study examines the structure of the funding of EU cultural heritage projects by the purpose of their implementation including revaluation of cultural heritage objects, creation and development of a new tourism product, renovation of sports and recreation infrastructure, promotion and other issues. The spatial analysis was carried out at the level of voivodships. The survey was conducted using the database of the National Information System of the Ministry of Infrastructure and Development of the Republic of Poland (NIS SIMIK 07-13) as at 31 December 2015. In the years 2007–2015, in both rural areas and rural districts, in the case of those projects which were aimed at developing infrastructure and restoring cultural heritage assets, while projects thematically related to the creation of a new tourism product and promotion were of lesser importance. However, the highest grants from EU sources were provided for projects thematically related to the reconstruction of cultural heritage and creation of tourism products, which shows that the activities aimed at preservation of cultural heritage and support for local entrepreneurship are of particular significance to European entities.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Powęska H.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n1_s335.pdf

Autor	Agnieszka Komor
Tytuł	PRIORITY DIRECTIONS OF EXPENDITURE IN THE OPINION OF RESIDENTS OF SELECTED RURAL COMMUNES OF THE LUBELSKIE VOIVODESHIP
Title
Słowa kluczowe	local development, rural areas, local development policy, resident needs, investment needs
Key words
Abstrakt	One of the main objectives of both local and regional development is to increase the level of satisfaction of the needs and preferences of residents, which implies an increase in the quality of life in a particular area. Therefore, it is important to define strategic directions and priorities of activities which are of key importance from the point of view of satisfying the needs of the communes’ residents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify and analyse priority directions of expenditure in selected rural communes of the Lubelskie voivodeship in the opinion of their residents, as compared with urban and urban-rural communes. In order to achieve the research objective, a survey was conducted among the residents of selected communes of the Lubelskie voivodeship. The survey showed that according to respondents from rural communes, the priority directions of expenditure included roads and pavements with street lighting, healthcare, tourism, recreational and sports infrastructure, as well as support for the development of investment areas. Investment needs related to social infrastructure, social welfare and pro-environmental activities were also of relative importance. Respondents from rural communes more often indicated the majority of the above investment needs than respondents from urban-rural and urban communes (except for recreational infrastructure and pro-environmental measures, tourist trails in urban-rural communes and sports and healthcare infrastructure in urban communes).
Abstract
Cytowanie	Komor A.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n1_s383.pdf

Autor	Monika Wojcieszak
Tytuł	WELFARE FARMS IN POLAND AS AN EXAMPLE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIES IN RURAL AREAS
Title
Słowa kluczowe	welfare farms, rural areas, agri-tourism
Key words
Abstrakt	The purpose of the paper was to present the importance of welfare farms in Poland as a social element of mutual relations, connections and co-operation in local and regional development. The concept of welfare farms is characterised in the study and the main idea of their formation is presented. Examples of welfare farms in Poland as part of the first pilot project known as ‘Zielona opieka – gospodarstwa opiekuńcze w woj. kujawsko-pomorskim’ (Green care: welfare farms in the Kujawsko-Pomorskie voivodeship) have also been presented. It was also pointed out that social farming plays an increasingly important role in the contemporary development of rural areas. The paper was compiled using the desk research method and a classical analysis of documents was used. The choice of methods was determined by the availability of source materials, some of which were of primary or secondary nature (social farming literature, reports and public statistic documents). This paper also pointed to the fact that welfare farms are increasingly becoming a popular form of social service in rural areas. It also testifies to the entrepreneurship of farmers, because they offer not only accommodation and catering, but also care on their farms.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Wojcieszak M.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s161.pdf