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Autor	Ewa Dłubakowska-Puzio, Beata Pietraszek
Tytuł	Analiza SWOT obszarów wiejskich Polski jako państwa członkowskiego Unii Europejskiej
Title	SWOT analysis of Polish rural areas in the light of Polish membership in the European Union
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	SWOT analysis, Polish agriculture, European Union
Abstrakt
Abstract	The presented prognosis indicates possible directions and conditions of changes that will take place in the Polish countryside within the next few years. It should be underlined that this period will encompass both positive and negative processes. During this period 2.5 billion Euros (not including money for the Common Agricultural Policy) will be devoted to the development of rural areas. Together with domestic funds, it makes a total sum of 3 billion Euros of available financial resources. Having topped these funds up with investors’ own contributions, it will be possible to deal with total financial support of 4.5 - 4.9 billion Euros per annum. This will allow us to change the image of rural areas considerably, especially the level of technical infrastructure and the quality of productive potential of agriculture, as well as agribusiness. Therefore, the countryside and farms will have many more investment opportunities at their disposal. It is predicted that these funds should first of all be devoted to creating new work opportunities in rural areas and subsequently to improve competitiveness of farms due to their progressive concentration and technical modernisation. These processes are strongly related to each other and, therefore, one should not suppose considerable regional farm concentration without providing workplaces for farmers, especially the least skilled. On the other hand, one should mention processes that will make carrying out the intentions difficult. One of them is undoubtedly further limitation of agricultural expenses, especially after year 2013 (Common Agricultural Policy included). The reform of Common Agricultural Policy that took place in 2003 assumed stabilisation of expenses on agriculture as well as their gradual reinvesting in I and II Common Agricultural Policy levels. Further changes that might take place in the subsequent period of planning (2014-2020) are not yet known, which significantly limits the possibilities of outlining aims and priorities for Poland. It should be assumed that further limitations of funds for agriculture and rural areas in general are yet to come. The above mentioned is supported by the following three reasons: - More and more popular criticism of the Common Agricultural Policy as it is shaped right now, - Funds for Common Agricultural Policy after new members with big agricultural population (Bulgaria, Romania, Croatia, Turkey) would need to be increased, - Negotiations related to liberalisation of world markets within WTO.
Cytowanie	Dłubakowska-Puzio E., Pietraszek B. (2006) Analiza SWOT obszarów wiejskich Polski jako państwa członkowskiego Unii Europejskiej .Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 15, z. : 178-187
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2006_T15_n_s178.pdf

Autor	Monika Szafrańska
Tytuł	Rola banków spółdzielczych w rozwoju rolnictwa i obszarów wiejskich
Title	The role of co-operative banks in the development of agriculture and rural areas
Słowa kluczowe	banki spółdzielcze, rolnictwo, obszary wiejskie
Key words	co-operative banks, agriculture, rural areas
Abstrakt	Rola banków spółdzielczych w rozwoju obszarów wiejskich jest analizowana na przykładzie Banku Spółdzielczego w Łącku. Działalność depozytowa bardzo wzrosła od czasu przystąpienia Polski do UE, ponieważ warunkiem otrzymania dopłat bezpośrednich jest posiadanie konta bankowego.
Abstract	The aim of the paper was to present an analysis of influence of activity of co-operative banks on the development of agriculture and rural areas. The analysis concerned the activity of Co-operative Bank in Łącko in years 2003-2005. Co-operative Bank in Łącko is the oldest bank in Małopolska. The majority of its operations are located in the rural areas. The main clients of the Bank are inhabitants of Łącko region, farmers and small and medium size enterprises. Bank offered a wide selection of services. The most popular products were consumer credits and current accounts. In years 2003-2005 Bank opened 2021 accounts for farmers. Most of accounts were opened in 2004 because it was one of the conditions to receive financing from the EU funds. Bank offered also preferential credits.
Cytowanie	Szafrańska M. (2006) Rola banków spółdzielczych w rozwoju rolnictwa i obszarów wiejskich.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 15, z. : 213-220
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2006_T15_n_s213.pdf

Autor	Ryta Dziemianowicz
Tytuł	Specyfika konstrukcji podatku dochodowego obciążającego gospodarstwa rolne w Unii Europejskiej
Title	The characteristics of the income tax imposed on farms in the European Union
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	income tax, agriculture in EU
Abstrakt
Abstract	The Polish tax system for agriculture requires significant reforms, especially in the sphere of income tax. It is crucial to choose an appropriate structure of this tax which should be adjusted both to the needs of agriculture and the economy in general. On the whole, while looking for new solutions, those which already exist may also be useful, because being acquainted with them enables us to use appropriate structures for constructing new taxation system for agriculture and to eliminate previously made mistakes. The article presents special solutions used for the income tax imposed on farms in the EU, which, on the one hand lead to a decrease of fiscal burdens of agriculture, while on the other hand are a hidden form of its support. It also shows solutions used in Germany, France and Italy, as well as in Great Britain and Ireland, which according to the author, represent various types of agriculture and different tax rules. Therefore, they may constitute a relatively good representation of the so-called 15 regular EU states. The focus of the analysis is the personal income tax, which due to its structure relating to the area of taxation and the predominance of family farms, is one of the most important taxes on agriculture in the EU.
Cytowanie	Dziemianowicz R. (2006) Specyfika konstrukcji podatku dochodowego obciążającego gospodarstwa rolne w Unii Europejskiej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 15, z. : 235-245
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2006_T15_n_s235.pdf

Autor	Elżbieta Kacperska
Tytuł	Polski handel zagraniczny zbożami i ich przetworami po integracji z Unią Europejską
Title	Polish foreign trade in cereals and cereal products after accession to the European Union
Słowa kluczowe	handel zagraniczny, zboża, tendencje, Unia Europejska
Key words	foreign trade, corn, trends, the European Union
Abstrakt	Opracowanie zawiera analizę polskiego handlu zagranicznego zbożami i ich przetworami w latach 2003 - I kwartał 2006 z uwzględnieniem struktury towarowej, geograficznej i uwarunkowań handlu po integracji z Unią Europejską. W latach 2003 – 2005 udział zbóż i produktów ich przetwórstwa stanowił średnio 7,5% w ogólnej wartości eksportu rolno-spożywczego i 7,2% w wartości importu. Wartość eksportu zbóż wykazywała tendencję wzrostową, a około 70% eksportu stanowiły produkty zbożowe wysoko przetworzone
Abstract	The paper presents an analysis of Polish foreign trade in cereals and cereal products in 2003 through the first quarter of 2006, including breakdown by product and geographical destination as well as trade conditions after the Polish accession to the European Union. In the years 2003 through 2005 cereals and cereal products amounted to 7.5% of the total agro-food export value, and 7.2% of imports. Value of cereal exports increased through time. Moreover, 70% of exports represented highly processed cereal products.
Cytowanie	Kacperska E. (2006) Polski handel zagraniczny zbożami i ich przetworami po integracji z Unią Europejską.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 15, z. : 261-272
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2006_T15_n_s261.pdf

Autor	Julian Krzyżanowski
Tytuł	Polski handel zagraniczny produktami rolno-spożywczymi ze wschodem (Europa Wschodnia, kraje Bliskiego i Dalekiego Wschodu) – bariery dla eksportu
Title	Polish foreign trade in agricultural products with the East (Eastern Europe, Middle and Far East) – barriers to trade
Słowa kluczowe	handel zagraniczny, produkty rolno-żywnościowe, Europa Wschodnia, Bliski Wschód, Daleki Wschód
Key words
Abstrakt	Opisane są obroty i wskazane główne bariery w handlu artykułami rolniczymi z krajami Bliskiego, Środkowego i Dalekiego Wschodu oraz karajami Europy Wschodniej.
Abstract	The author deals with Polish foreign trade in agricultural products with the East (Eastern Europe, Middle and Far East). Polish exports in the last two years have increased. The analysis starts with presentation of exports to the so-called Community of Independent States (Russia and former Soviet Republics). Recent barriers in exports to Russia and Ukraine are indicated. A general picture of trade with Middle and Far East Countries is presented and the main constraints in trade are listed.
Cytowanie	Krzyżanowski J. (2006) Polski handel zagraniczny produktami rolno-spożywczymi ze wschodem (Europa Wschodnia, kraje Bliskiego i Dalekiego Wschodu) – bariery dla eksportu.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 15, z. : 293-300
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2006_T15_n_s293.pdf

Autor	Radosław Lewandowski
Tytuł	Uwarunkowania produkcji oraz wewnątrz- i zewnątrz unijnego handlu wołowiną i cielęciną w Polsce
Title	Production and intra- as well as extra-EU beef and veal trade conditions for Poland
Słowa kluczowe	handel zagraniczny, reforma WPR, rynek wołowiny, rynek cielęciny
Key words	international beef market, international veal market, Polish exports
Abstrakt	W artykule zaprezentowana została aktualna sytuacja i uwarunkowania na rynku wołowiny i cielęciny w Polsce w odniesieniu do zbliżającej się reformy WPR. Jest to najwyższy czas, aby podjąć rozmowy w sprawie przyszłego kształtu WPR z uwzględnieniem analizy czynników środowiskowych, socjalnych i ekonomicznych. Wstępne wyniki pokazują, że Polska posiada możliwości do produkcji wołowiny i cielęciny i oferowania jej na rynkach zarówno wewnątrz- jak i zewnątrz unijnych. Zasadniczym problemem jest kształt i wielkość wsparcia produkcji rolno-spożywczej w kontekście liberalizacji handlu międzynarodowego
Abstract	This article presents the situation and conditions in the beef and veal markets in Poland relating to the new CAP reform. It is an opportune time to start a discussion about the future form of CAP on the basis of a wide environmental, social and economic analysis. The present overview shows that Poland has an opportunity to produce and promote its beef and veal products in the intra- and extra-EU markets. The main problem is the shape and value of support for agri-food products in the context of the international trade liberalisation process.
Cytowanie	Lewandowski R. (2006) Uwarunkowania produkcji oraz wewnątrz- i zewnątrz unijnego handlu wołowiną i cielęciną w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 15, z. : 301-311
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2006_T15_n_s301.pdf

Autor	Edyta Pawlak
Tytuł	Analiza udziału grupy nowych członków Unii Europejskiej w światowym handlu rybami i przetworami rybnym
Title	Analysis of the share of the new EC member states in the global trade in fish and fish products
Słowa kluczowe	eksport ryb, import ryb, eksport przetworów rybnych, import przetworów rybnych, UE(15), kraje nowoprzyjęte
Key words	exports, imports, fish, fish products, EU(15), new member states
Abstrakt	Przedstawiono analizę poziomu eksportu i importu ryb i przetworów rybnych w wyrażeniu wartościowym (w tys. USD) w podziale na grupę 15 krajów UE (tzw. „starej” UE) oraz na grupę 10 krajów, nowych członków UE. Na podstawie zgromadzonego materiału przedstawiono zmiany w wartości handlu światowego rybami i przetworami rybnymi, określono poziom wartości eksportu, importu i saldo obrotów handlowych krajów „starej” Unii Europejskiej i 10 nowoprzyjętych państw. Przyjmując podstawowy wskaźnik udziału danego kraju lub grupy krajów w światowym eksporcie i imporcie, określono udział 15 krajów UE i 10 nowoprzyjętych krajów do UE w światowym eksporcie i imporcie ryb i przetworów rybnych
Abstract	The paper presents an analysis of exports and imports of fish and fish products in terms of their value (thousand of USD) in the so called ‘old EU member states’ (15 countries) and ‘new member states’ (10 countries). The acquired information and data made it possible to identify changes in the value of world trade in fish and fish products, to estimate the exports and imports as well as the balance of trade in the above groups of countries. The share of the EU(15) memeber states and the newly accepted ones in the world exports and imports of fish and fish products as well as the impact of the EU extension on the worldwide and regional trade in fish and fish products is presented.
Cytowanie	Pawlak E. (2006) Analiza udziału grupy nowych członków Unii Europejskiej w światowym handlu rybami i przetworami rybnym.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 15, z. : 312-320
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2006_T15_n_s312.pdf

Autor	Joanna Pawłowska-Tyszko, Małgorzata Śrubkowska
Tytuł	Charakterystyka cen miodu
Title	Differences in honey prices
Słowa kluczowe	miód, ceny detaliczne
Key words
Abstrakt	Celem pracy była charakterystyka cen miodu różnych producentów oferowanych w sieciach hipermarketów. Dane pochodzą z badań własnych prowadzonych w styczniu 2006 roku. Z analizy danych wynika, że asortyment miodu w Polsce jest szeroki, a największe zróżnicowanie cenowe występuję wśród miodów wielokwiatowych, zdecydowanie mniejsze w obrębie miodów odmianowych.
Abstract	This paper provides a description of honey prices that producers offered in hypermarkets. Data come from the author’s study in January 2006. The data analysis demonstrates that there is a wide variety of honey in Poland, and the biggest price differentiation exists among multi-florous honeys, while it is much smaller in other varieties of honey.
Cytowanie	Pawłowska-Tyszko J., Śrubkowska M. (2006) Charakterystyka cen miodu.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 15, z. : 330-336
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2006_T15_n_s330.pdf

Autor	Karolina Pawlak, Walenty Poczta
Tytuł	Konkurencyjność polskich produktów rolno-spożywczych w handlu wewnątrzwspólnotowym
Title	Competitiveness of Polish agri-food products in intra-EU trade
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Key words	agri-food products, intra-EU trade
Abstrakt
Abstract	The aim of this paper is to analyze ex-post the competitiveness of selected Polish agri-food products in intra-EU trade. Some quantitative indicators of competitiveness and cluster analysis were used. The analysis shows that Poland gained higher competitive advantages in the trade of plant products than in those of animal origin. Processed products were more competitive in the EU market than raw materials. Cereals and preparations of cereals, as well as oils and fats produced in Poland had no competitive advantages in intra-EU trade.
Cytowanie	Pawlak K., Poczta W. (2006) Konkurencyjność polskich produktów rolno-spożywczych w handlu wewnątrzwspólnotowym.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 15, z. : 344-356
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2006_T15_n_s344.pdf

Autor	Krystyna Szybiga
Tytuł	Zmiany produkcji i handlu żywnością w Unii Europejskiej
Title	Changes in production and foreign trade in food products in the European Union
Słowa kluczowe	handel zagraniczny, produkty rolnicze, Unia Europejska
Key words	foreign trade, agricultural products, European Union
Abstrakt	Szczegółowa analiza polskiej produkcji rolnej i skali eksportu powinna być prowadzona na tle wielkości unijnych, zwłaszcza struktur ukształtowanych w krajach Piętnastki. Rozważania takie mogą stanowić podstawę do oceny szans rozwoju produkcji żywności i perspektyw polskiego rolnictwa, głownie w wyniku zwiększania handlu zagranicznego. Polska przeznacza na eksport zdecydowanie mniejszy odsetek swojej produkcji (zbóż, buraków cukrowych w przeliczeniu na cukier, ziemniaków, wieprzowiny, wołowiny, drobiu, jaj oraz mleka) niż pozostałe kraje UE-15, co może świadczyć o możliwości zwiększania zarówno produkcji, jak i eksportu produktów pochodzenia rolniczego.
Abstract	Detailed analysis of Polish agricultural production and scale of export should be considered on the background of quantities traded in the EU, especially in the EU-15 countries. Those considerations could be a basis for evaluation of chances of developing the food production and for predictions of the development of Polish agriculture, mainly as a result of an increase in foreign trade. Definitely smaller share of Polish production (cereals, sugar beats as sugar equivalent, potatoes, pig meat, bovine, poultry, eggs and milk) is allocated to exports than in the other EU-15 countries. This indicates a possibility of increase of production as well as of exports of agricultural products
Cytowanie	Szybiga K. (2006) Zmiany produkcji i handlu żywnością w Unii Europejskiej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 15, z. : 369-376
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2006_T15_n_s369.pdf

Autor	Natalia Gudkowa
Tytuł	Metody oceny kadr w warunkach rynkowych
Title	Methods of staff appraisal in a market economy
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Key words	staff appraisal, Byelorussia
Abstrakt
Abstract	The author discusses problems of the managerial staff appraisal in Byelorussia. A comparative analysis of modern methods of staff appraisal is performed. The reasons for a high level of migration of the administrative staff in the country and problems with their payment are revealed.
Cytowanie	Gudkowa N. (2006) Metody oceny kadr w warunkach rynkowych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 15, z. : 417-423
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2006_T15_n_s417.pdf

Autor	Ryszard Kata, Marta Kawa
Tytuł	Spółdzielczość w rolnictwie i gospodarce żywnościowej w Polsce w aspekcie europejskich procesów integracyjnych
Title	The cooperative movement in agriculture and the food economy in Poland in light of the European integration process
Słowa kluczowe	spółdzielczość, gospodarka żywnościowa, integracja europejska
Key words	agribusiness, cooperative, EU accession
Abstrakt	W opracowaniu dokonano charakterystyki stanu i znaczenia gospodarczego spółdzielni agrobiznesu w Polsce i innych krajach Unii Europejskiej. Przeprowadzono także analizę głównych kierunków przekształceń spółdzielczości wiejskiej w starych krajach członkowskich UE uznając, iż po integracji podobną drogą przemian będzie zmierzać również spółdzielczość agrobiznesu w Polsce
Abstract	Conditions of operation and the economic meaning of agribusiness cooperatives in Poland and other countries in the European Union have been characterized. An analysis of main directions of transformation of rural cooperatives in the old member states in the European Union also has been performed, because after the integration presumably the agribusiness cooperatives in Poland will follow a similar pattern of development
Cytowanie	Kata R., Kawa M. (2006) Spółdzielczość w rolnictwie i gospodarce żywnościowej w Polsce w aspekcie europejskich procesów integracyjnych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 15, z. : 424-432
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2006_T15_n_s424.pdf

Autor	Piotr Selwesiuk, Sławomir Snarski
Tytuł	Analiza skuteczności aplikowania o środki finansowe z programu SAPARD w latach 2002-2004
Title	The Analysis of Effectiveness of Applying for Financial Resources from SAPARD Program in the Years 2002-2004
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Abstract	The SAPARD program (Support for Accession Measures for Agriculture and Rural Development) was created in order to conform applicant states to acquis communautaire in the field of agriculture and rural area development. The support of the Community with the confines of SAPARD program was realized by long-term programs prepared in accordance with guidelines and rules of operational programs used with the confines of structural politics. It' s presumed that experience achieved by SAPARD's beneficent would pay dividends in case of EU structural funds using. The authors compared the usage of program SAPARD in the years 2002-2004 in some regions of the country (paying attention to Podlaskie province because of its delay in the infrastructure development and agricultural character). The research shows that the effectiveness of applying for financial resources from SAPARD program (measured by the share of positively considered applications in total amount of turned applications) was about 76.8%. Analyzing the effectiveness of applying in individual actions, it's been stated that local governments are characterized by the highest effectiveness of applying for financial resources from SAPARD program. The average effectiveness in this action on the country scale was 89.65%, when in Podlaskie province it was 96. 7%, what was the best result on the country scale.
Cytowanie	Selwesiuk P., Snarski S. (2005) Analiza skuteczności aplikowania o środki finansowe z programu SAPARD w latach 2002-2004.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 55: 67-78
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2005_n55_s67.pdf

Autor	Alina Daniłowska
Tytuł	Pożyczki od osób fizycznych jako źródło finansowania działalności w gospodarstwach indywidualnych w Polsce
Title	The Loans form Individuals as a Source of the Financing of the Activity of Private Farms in Poland
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Abstract	The aim of the analysis was to evaluate the role of loans granting by individuals in the financing of the agricultural activity of private farms in Poland. The investigation showed that quite large percentage of farms used this kind of credit. The share of private credits in financing of agricultural investments was about 20%, in financing of working capital about 8%.
Cytowanie	Daniłowska A. (2005) Pożyczki od osób fizycznych jako źródło finansowania działalności w gospodarstwach indywidualnych w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 55: 105-113
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2005_n55_s105.pdf

Autor	Ewa Krawczyk
Tytuł	Zastosowanie metody kowariancji do określenia ryzyka na rynku nieruchomości komercyjnych
Title	Application of Covariance Method for Risk Assessing on the Commercial Real Estate Market
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Abstract	The Value at Risk model allows answering the base question asked by investor. How much money could be lost with given financial resources involved into given project, in fixed time and fixed risk preference The covariance method used to estimate VaR is static model, but analytic manner of computing allows, after essential analysis, to determine value at risk relatively clearly and quickly. Presented attempt of initiating tool to analyzing quantified risk of investment on real estate market, specialized for capital market, gives observations: a) in the situation of significant growth of investments on real estate market, financed mainly by banking institutions, there is necessity to work out risk models for this market segment, allowing to limit excessive losses caused by too optimistic prices and inappropriate calculations of the effectiveness of the investment, b) well known and used risk models for capital market are basics for connection the both market segments - capital and real - and empirical verification, including investing projects, c) VaR model can be used for determining quantified risk of an investing project, characterized by profitability ratio Net Present Value, but received results should be treated with limited confidence.
Cytowanie	Krawczyk E. (2005) Zastosowanie metody kowariancji do określenia ryzyka na rynku nieruchomości komercyjnych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 55: 127-148
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2005_n55_s127.pdf

Autor	Grzegorz Koszela
Tytuł	Analiza portfela rynkowego
Title	The Analysis of Market Portfolio
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Abstract	Specialist bibliography offers an equation of the CML, but no formulae for market portfolio' s risk and return. It is connected with the omission of the equation of hyperbola, illustrating the interdependence between risk and return of a two-element portfolio. Co-ordinates of point C are the key for the selection of a portfolio with a predetermined risk of return from a ·CML. This paper fills in this gap. The paper also illustrates an issue of the short sale. Problems with the application of the above theory to multi-element portfolios consist in the fact that, starting from three-element portfolio, three is no clear equivalent of the equation determining the relation between return and risk. In a market portfolio the fundamental importance is attached to an adequate tangent to the hyperbola, its equation, and a point of tangency with the hyperbola. It means that it is impossible to apply the problem to the case of a portfolio assembled of a range of stocks (at least three) and one kind of bonds. Modifying the notion of a market portfolio by introducing a new notion of the so-called arbitrarily small risk portfolio, the author of this paper has achieved the possibility of a uniform characterization of portfolios assembled from any number of elements. A paper on the subject is prepared for publication.
Cytowanie	Koszela G. (2004) Analiza portfela rynkowego.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 52: 119-129
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2004_n52_s119.pdf

Autor	Ewa Drabik, Anna Górska
Tytuł	Ocena inwestycji na Warszawskiej Giełdzie Towarowej w okresie od stycznia 2002 roku do lipca 2004 roku
Title	The Evaluation of lnvestments at the Warsaw Commodity Exchange from January 2002 to July 2004
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Abstract	Nowadays the commodity exchange offers not only a wide range of operations such as trade in commodities but also future contracts and other types of financial transactions. While at the stock exchange one can encounter mainly shares, the commodity exchange epitomizes an impressive variety of negotiable units. Mutual funds and deposits, which are an alternative way of investing, also play a relevant role on the financial market. From economical point of view deposits are burdened with the smallest risk. According to the modem financial theory, the attitude towards a risk is considered as a very important aspect of the situation on the market. Not only behaviour of the investors but also political and economical events determine the situation on the market. The. behaviour of the investors is analysed by the cognitive psychology, which is associated with a new behavioural current in financial theory, which is called the behaviour finance. The aim of this paper is to check, if it is worth to invest at the commodity exchange. The analysis is carried out on the basis of the data from Warsaw Commodity Exchange in the span of3 years: 2002-2004.
Cytowanie	Drabik E., Górska A. (2004) Ocena inwestycji na Warszawskiej Giełdzie Towarowej w okresie od stycznia 2002 roku do lipca 2004 roku.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 54: 89-99
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Autor	Aldona Zawojska
Tytuł	Biurokracja a wzrost gospodarczy kraju
Title	Bureaucracy and Country's Economic Growth
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Abstract	The objective of this paper is to show that the type of state bureaucracy is a key determinant of the country' s economic growth. In its theoretical part, the paper reviews the scientific literature that addresses the impact of the state organisation and quality of governance on economic growth and development: In the second part, the author empirically examines a quantitative relationship between macroeconomic performance in Poland over the 1995-2002 period and such bureaucracy characteristics as employment in public administration, defence and compulsory social security as well as the average remunerations in this section. The findings indicate that the country's economic growth rate and its GDP per capita are directly correlated to the level of employment and wages in public administration sector. According to simple linear regression analysis, both an increase in the number of public bureaucrats and the level of their wages adversely affect the rate of economic growth.
Cytowanie	Zawojska A. (2004) Biurokracja a wzrost gospodarczy kraju.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 52: 17-32
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Autor	Artur Kowalczyk, Mirosław Wasilewski
Tytuł	Ocena konkurencyjności spółdzielni mleczarskich
Title	The evaluation of Dairy Cooperatives' Competitiveness
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Abstract	The study presents the comparative analysis of competitiveness' level of dairy cooperatives, which exports their products to the UE market and cooperatives from Świętokrzyskie province, which are not entitled to the export to the UE market. Cooperatives exporting their products to the UE market (group A) in the years 1998-2001 showed the increase of milk processing while in cooperatives from Świętokrzyskie province the decrease ensued. The cooperatives from group A were also characterized by three times higher level of average delivery of milk as well as the share in the purchase of extra class milk. In 2001 cooperatives Świętokrzyskie province incurred loss while group A cooperatives achieved increasing significant profit. The competitive strength of milk · deliverers is larger in a group of cooperatives in Świętokrzyskie province because those cooperatives do not achieve the cost advantage for the sake of the low concentration of the production. The biggest threat to dairy cooperatives is in the buyers' strong influence on the volume of sale and in buyers' possibility to change a cooperative delivering them dairy products. The level of competition's intensity in the scope of products offered by cooperatives was similar, highest in the case of milk, cheese, sour and sour cream and lowest in case of powder milk and butter. The necessity of covering large capital needs as well as difficulties in access to distribution channels were described as largest barriers to entry and considerable small barrier is the competitive activity of already existing enterprises. In the opinion of cooperatives' managers the possibility of appearing new substitutes of dairy products, except for butter, is low.
Cytowanie	Kowalczyk A., Wasilewski M. (2004) Ocena konkurencyjności spółdzielni mleczarskich.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 52: 47-62
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Autor	Mirosław Wasilewski
Tytuł	Poziom nakładów materialnych a wyniki ekonomiczne gospodarstw indywidualnych
Title	The Level of Material Outlays and Economic Results of Private Farms
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Abstract	In the paper the analysis of the relationship between economic results and the level of the material outlays' concentration in private farms is presented. In general, farms with the highest level of the material outlays' concentration were characterized by the highest profitability of land, while in the group of the lowest level of those outlays the profitability was the lowest. In the case of the productivity of land relationships were similar to the case of its profitability. Social and economic efficiency of labour was higher in the group of farms with the highest level of material outlays, what shows that resources and labour outlays were used effectively. In general farms with an average level of material outlays were characterized by the highest profitability of sale, while farms with the highest outlays were characterized by the lowest profitability. It may show that the effectiveness of material outlays decrease with the growth by unit of the level of outlays. One of possible reasons for that tendency, in comparison with the highest profitability of land in the third group of farms, is using purchased materials for the broader scale, what makes farms independent on their resources of land.
Cytowanie	Wasilewski M. (2004) Poziom nakładów materialnych a wyniki ekonomiczne gospodarstw indywidualnych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 52: 91-99
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