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Autor	Linda Groma, Lasma Licite-Kurbe
Tytuł	IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN PRESERVING NATURAL CAPITAL IN LATVIA
Title
Słowa kluczowe	social entrepreneurship, sustainable entrepreneurship, environment
Key words
Abstrakt	With the increasing focus being placed on climate problems, the role of social entrepreneurship in the protection of nature and the environment becomes increasingly important in the world. The activities specified in the Sustainable Development Strategy of Latvia about the preservation of natural capital are performed by several social enterprises. The research aims to identify the role of social enterprises in performing the activities specified in the Sustainable Development Strategy of Latvia. The research has found that the Latvia 2030 strategy emphasizes the importance of fostering entrepreneurship about the preservation of natural capital as well as promoting sustainable lifestyle activities. The mentioned activities are relevant to social enterprises that are engaged in preserving and protecting the environment, as social entrepreneurs not only contribute to green entrepreneurship but also make significant investments in education and informing the public, as well as in the development of innovative entrepreneurship
Abstract
Cytowanie	Groma L., Licite-Kurbe L.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2021_n5_s44.pdf

Autor	S.H. Pushpa Malkanthi, S.D. Dilini Rathnachandra
Tytuł	Determinants of Women’s Empowerment and Household Poverty Reduction in Imbulpe DS Division, Sri Lanka
Title	Determinants of Women’s Empowerment and Household Poverty Reduction in Imbulpe DS Division, Sri Lanka
Słowa kluczowe	empowerment, poverty reduction, women farmers, Imbulpe, Sri Lanka
Key words	empowerment, poverty reduction, women farmers, Imbulpe, Sri Lanka
Abstrakt	Women empowerment and poverty reduction are interrelated key driving forces to achieve the sustainable development of a country. However, most of the women farmers in rural areas have lack of access to adequate assets and resources, credit facilities and freedom of decision making within the households. Therefore, women empowerment is a timely important requirement to reduce the household poverty among them. This study was conducted to identify the determinants of empowerment of women farmers and also roles of them in reduction of poverty in Imbulpe Divisional Secretariat (DS) Division in Sri Lanka. In this study, 238 women farmers were selected using simple random sampling method, from purposively identified seven Grama Niladhari (GN) divisions in this area. Primary data was gathered from a field survey using a pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire from May to July 2019. Descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis were used as the statistical methods in data analyzing process. The result revealed that, age, education, monthly income of the respondents, economic resource accessibility, participation in decision making and freedom of mobility act as the determinants of empowerment of women farmers. The moderately significant positive nature of relationship was showed between the age of the women farmers and their role in poverty reduction. And also, the level of education, monthly income, economic resources accessibility of the respondents and participation of decision making within the household of the women farmers were showed moderately significant positive relationship with their role in poverty reduction. Therefore, encourage women farmers as rural entrepreneurs while performing their farming practices to earn additional income, enhance economic resource accessibility and motivate women farmers to express their ideas for enhance the active participation in the household decision making process are timely important requirements to empower women farmers and enhance their role in poverty reduction.
Abstract	Women empowerment and poverty reduction are interrelated key driving forces to achieve the sustainable development of a country. However, most of the women farmers in rural areas have lack of access to adequate assets and resources, credit facilities and freedom of decision making within the households. Therefore, women empowerment is a timely important requirement to reduce the household poverty among them. This study was conducted to identify the determinants of empowerment of women farmers and also roles of them in reduction of poverty in Imbulpe Divisional Secretariat (DS) Division in Sri Lanka. In this study, 238 women farmers were selected using simple random sampling method, from purposively identified seven Grama Niladhari (GN) divisions in this area. Primary data was gathered from a field survey using a pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire from May to July 2019. Descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis were used as the statistical methods in data analyzing process. The result revealed that, age, education, monthly income of the respondents, economic resource accessibility, participation in decision making and freedom of mobility act as the determinants of empowerment of women farmers. The moderately significant positive nature of relationship was showed between the age of the women farmers and their role in poverty reduction. And also, the level of education, monthly income, economic resources accessibility of the respondents and participation of decision making within the household of the women farmers were showed moderately significant positive relationship with their role in poverty reduction. Therefore, encourage women farmers as rural entrepreneurs while performing their farming practices to earn additional income, enhance economic resource accessibility and motivate women farmers to express their ideas for enhance the active participation in the household decision making process are timely important requirements to empower women farmers and enhance their role in poverty reduction.
Cytowanie	Malkanthi S., Rathnachandra S. (2021) Determinants of Women’s Empowerment and Household Poverty Reduction in Imbulpe DS Division, Sri Lanka.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 21(36), z. 4: 76-90
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2021_T21(36)_n4_s76.pdf

Autor	Tetiana Balanovska, Olga Gogulya, Volodymyr Kharchenko, Hanna Kharchenko
Tytuł	COGNITIVE MODELLING OF AN EFFECTIVE SYSTEM OF INFORMATION SUPPORT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
Title
Słowa kluczowe	information support, cognitive approach, modelling, forecasting, poorly structured system, cognitive modelling of efficiency of functioning of the information system of agricultural entrepreneurship
Key words
Abstrakt	This article encompasses the methodology of cognitive modelling of complex poorly structured systems. Based on the expert method and with the help of this modelling methodology, the main factors that influence the effectiveness of information support of agricultural entrepreneurship were identified and the direction of their action was determined. There has been developed a cognitive map that reflects the cumulative impact of various factors on each other, as well as on the effectiveness of the information system for agricultural entrepreneurship. Hidden patterns between factors influencing the effectiveness of information support of agricultural entrepreneurship are revealed based on the cognitive map. The scenario approach is simulated based on different trends that reflect the current situation. This model allows us to further evaluate the performance of the system of information support of agricultural entrepreneurship under the influence of the environment, to predict its development, as well as to develop optimal strategic decisions that are aimed at ensuring sustainable development.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Balanovska T., Gogulya O., Kharchenko V., Kharchenko H.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2020_n4_s55.pdf

Autor	Tetiana Balanovska, Olga Gogulya, Oleg Kucher
Tytuł	The role of activation of entrepreneurship activitiesin the development of rural areas in Ukraine
Title
Słowa kluczowe	entrepreneurship, rural areas, revitalization, diversification, diversification strategy,types of employment, self-employment, agricultural sector
Key words
Abstrakt	The article substantiates the role of entrepreneurship in the revival of rural areas ofUkraine. The main problems and obstacles for the development of modern agricultural businessare presented. The attention is paid to the high share of households in the total productionof agricultural products, as well as the crisis situation regarding the employment situationof the rural population. Possibilities of employment for the inhabitants of rural territories byactivating the initiative of unemployed citizens to organize their own business activity are considered.The peculiarities and motives of the implementation of the diversification strategy foreconomic entities, including agricultural producers, are revealed. The existing and perspectivedirections of diversification in some regions in Ukraine are analyzed. The main directions offormation of organizational and economic mechanism of diversification of entrepreneurial activityat the expense of activation of new forms of employment of population are summarized,which will contribute to the complex socio-economic and ecological development of rural territoriesin Ukraine.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Balanovska T., Gogulya O., Kucher O.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2020_n14_s7.pdf

Autor	Yuriy Hubeni, Volodymyr Krupa, Oksana Krupa, Sofiia Tsiolkovska
Tytuł	The Foreign Economic Vector of Agribusiness Activity in the Western Region of Ukraine
Title	The Foreign Economic Vector of Agribusiness Activity in the Western Region of Ukraine
Słowa kluczowe	foreign economic activity, agribusiness, international trade, export and import of agricultural products, Western region of Ukraine
Key words	foreign economic activity, agribusiness, international trade, export and import of agricultural products, Western region of Ukraine
Abstrakt	The article is devoted to researching peculiarities and trends of foreign economic activity of agribusinesses in the Western region of Ukraine according to the terms of the Ukraine-European Union Association Agreement. The authors discuss the theoretical essence of agribusiness, as a kind of entrepreneurship, and the nature of foreign economic activity of enterprises. The main conditions of free trade in agricultural products introduced by the terms of the Agreement are determined and their influence on agribusiness export-import operation dynamics in the Western economic region is analyzed. The contribution of certain regions to forming agrarian product export and import volume and structure is considered and the reasons for the considerable advantages of the Lviv region in foreign trade turnover of the Western region are elucidated. It was found that agribusiness cooperation with foreign partners is mainly realized by indirect methods through trade agency organizations or agrarian holding companies. The structure dynamics of production goods for export and import by agribusinesses was studied. Based on the results, some negative tendencies for the Ukrainian economy were noted. They include the preservation of raw exports with a high share of plant origin products and timber, and the predominance of ready-made products with high added value in the import structure. It was established that the Agreement and social political events in Ukraine changed the direction of some export-import flows of agribusiness from CIS countries towards the markets of the European Union and Asian countries. According to the scale of external trade operations with enterprises of the Western region of Ukraine, in general, and within certain trade groups, in particular, country-leaders are defined. Some positive and negative consequences of changes in the foreign economic activity vector are described. And finally, measures which will ensure an expansion and strengthening of Ukraine’s agribusiness presence on international market, are suggested.
Abstract	The article is devoted to researching peculiarities and trends of foreign economic activity of agribusinesses in the Western region of Ukraine according to the terms of the Ukraine-European Union Association Agreement. The authors discuss the theoretical essence of agribusiness, as a kind of entrepreneurship, and the nature of foreign economic activity of enterprises. The main conditions of free trade in agricultural products introduced by the terms of the Agreement are determined and their influence on agribusiness export-import operation dynamics in the Western economic region is analyzed. The contribution of certain regions to forming agrarian product export and import volume and structure is considered and the reasons for the considerable advantages of the Lviv region in foreign trade turnover of the Western region are elucidated. It was found that agribusiness cooperation with foreign partners is mainly realized by indirect methods through trade agency organizations or agrarian holding companies. The structure dynamics of production goods for export and import by agribusinesses was studied. Based on the results, some negative tendencies for the Ukrainian economy were noted. They include the preservation of raw exports with a high share of plant origin products and timber, and the predominance of ready-made products with high added value in the import structure. It was established that the Agreement and social political events in Ukraine changed the direction of some export-import flows of agribusiness from CIS countries towards the markets of the European Union and Asian countries. According to the scale of external trade operations with enterprises of the Western region of Ukraine, in general, and within certain trade groups, in particular, country-leaders are defined. Some positive and negative consequences of changes in the foreign economic activity vector are described. And finally, measures which will ensure an expansion and strengthening of Ukraine’s agribusiness presence on international market, are suggested.
Cytowanie	Hubeni Y., Krupa V., Krupa O., Tsiolkovska S. (2020) The Foreign Economic Vector of Agribusiness Activity in the Western Region of Ukraine.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 20(35), z. 4: 29-46
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s29.pdf

Autor	Małgorzata Błażejowska
Tytuł	Social entrepreneurship in rural areas as illustrated by social cooperatives in Poland’s Masovian Voivodeship
Title	Funkcjonowanie przedsiębiorczości społecznej na obszarach wiejskich na przykładzie spółdzielni socjalnych województwa mazowieckiego
Słowa kluczowe	social cooperatives, rural areas, Masovian Voivodeship
Key words	spółdzielnie socjalne, obszary wiejskie, woj. Mazowieckie
Abstrakt	This paper aims to present the social cooperative movement in Poland’s rural areas as illustrated by social cooperatives operating in rural communes of the Masovian Voivodeship. Of the 32 units operating at least since 2014, only 10 have remained on the market. Based on the National Court Register data, the study examined activity profiles, employment levels, activity periods, founding entities and financial situations by using the method of indicators of dynamics and return on sales (ROS). Cooperatives were selected with regard to the legal nature of their founders in order to indicate any differences. The cooperatives established by legal persons had a stable financial situation in the case of 80% of the analysed entities. All of them recorded an increase in revenues in comparison to the year before and 80% of them reported a profit and a positive ROS. 80% of the entities established by natural persons generated a loss from conducted activities and a negative ROS in the last three years of conducted activities. The research results showed that the greatest chances for development were found in cooperatives that were established by legal persons and which rendered services of general interest.
Abstract	Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie przedsiębiorczości społecznej na obszarach wiejskich na przykładzie spółdzielni socjalnych mających siedzibę w gminach wiejskich woj. mazowieckiego. Ustalono, że spośród 32 jednostek funkcjonujących co najmniej od 2014 roku, na rynku utrzymało się tylko 10. Na podstawie danych z KRS zbadano profil działalności, poziom zatrudnienia, okres prowadzenia działalności, podmioty założycielskie oraz sytuację finansową przy wykorzystaniu metody indeksów dynamiki oraz wskaźnika rentowności sprzedaży (ROS). Wyodrębniono spółdzielnie pod względem podmiotowości prawnej założycieli, celem wskazania różnic. Wśród podmiotów założonych przez osoby prawne występuje stabilna sytuacja finansowa dla 80% analizowanych jednostek. We wszystkich z nich nastąpił wzrost przychodów w porównaniu do roku ubiegłego a 80% z nich odnotowała zysk oraz dodatni ROS. Spośród spółdzielni założonych przez osoby fizyczne 80% wykazało stratę z prowadzonej działalności oraz ujemny ROS w trzech ostatnich latach prowadzonej działalności. Wyniki badań wykazały, że największe szanse na rozwój mają spółdzielnie socjalne założone przez osoby prawne i świadczące usługi użyteczności publicznej.
Cytowanie	Błażejowska M. (2020) Social entrepreneurship in rural areas as illustrated by social cooperatives in Poland’s Masovian Voivodeship .Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 24(73): 20-30
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2020_n73_s20.pdf

Autor	Monika Wojcieszak-Zbierska
Tytuł	Koszty działań marketingowych gospodarstw agroturystycznych i możliwości ich finansowania
Title	The costs of marketing activities of agritourism farms and the possibilities of financing them
Słowa kluczowe	marketing, agroturystyka, Wielkopolska, promocja, przedsiębiorczość
Key words	agritourism, marketing, Wielkopolska region, costs, financing possibilities
Abstrakt	Jednym z cenionych i znanych agroturystycznych regionów Polski jest województwo wielkopolskie. Warunki przyrodnicze, bogata tradycja i kultura oraz obyczaje ludowe funkcjonujące na tym terenie powodują, że świadczenie usług agroturystycznych jest popularne wśród właścicieli gospodarstw. Chcąc być konkurencyjnym na rynku, usługodawcy korzystają z nowoczesnych technologii w zakresie promowania swojej oferty. Stosowanie działań marketingowych przy prowadzeniu gospodarstw agroturystycznych to bardzo ważny temat, gdyż świadczy on po pierwsze o przedsiębiorczości właścicieli, a po drugie stanowi doskonałą promocję gospodarstwa czy regionu. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie możliwości finansowania działań marketingowych oraz kosztów poniesionych przez właścicieli gospodarstw agroturystycznych z tytułu wykorzystywanych narzędzi marketingowych. Na podstawie przeprowadzonego badania można stwierdzić, że gospodarstwa korzystają z narzędzi marketingowych, jednakże właściciele deklarują, że przeznaczają niewielką kwotę na tego typu działanie.
Abstract	Agritourism is one of the most popular forms of rural tourism. The Wielkopolskie region is a valued and well known agritourism region of Poland. Natural conditions, rich tradition and culture as well as folk customs functioning in this area make the provision of agritourism services popular among farm owners. In order to be competitive on the market, hosts use modern technologies to promote their products and services. The application of marketing activities while running agritourism farms is a very important subject, as it proves, first of all, the entrepreneurship of the owners and, secondly, it is an excellent promotion of the farm or the region. The aim of this article is to indicate the possibility of financing marketing activities and costs incurred by the owners of agritourism farms due to the marketing tools used. The article attempts to present the financing of marketing activities in agritourism and the costs incurred by the owner of the used marketing tools in Poland. The research was carried out among agritourism farms located in the Wielkopolskie region. On the basis of the conducted research it can be stated that the farms use marketing tools, however, the owners declare that they allocate a small amount of money to this type of activity.
Cytowanie	Wojcieszak-Zbierska M.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n12_s129.pdf

Autor	Tetiana Chernychko, Natalia Liba, Vitalii Rybchak
Tytuł	Professional competence of future economists in the region
Title
Słowa kluczowe	competence, competency approach, professional competence, economist, educational process
Key words
Abstrakt	The formation of professional competences of modern economists requires from the educational institution, from the teachers fundamentally new approaches in professional education: the integration of pedagogical, economic and entrepreneurial knowledge, skills and abilities. The aim of the study is to analyze modern approaches to the formulation of the concept of »competence«, to find out the components of professional competence for the preparation of future economists. General scientific methods of research have been applied: induction and deduction, refinement and classification. The modern approaches to the formulation of the concept of »competence« have been analyzed in the article. Historical and terminological analysis of its essence made it possible to find out the components, the structure of professional competence. Special attention has been paid to the content of key and substantive competence. The formation of professional competence of economists must be carried out taking into account the modern requirements in the field of education, educational programs of the specialty. Thus, a highly skilled economist one can become due to a high motivational indicator, confidence in the correct selection of the future kind of activity, the desire to acquire as much information professional material and its transformation into knowledge, which will lead to professionalism in the process of the vocational practice. In the subsequent research, we will substantiate the process of forming the competitiveness of future economists.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Chernychko T., Liba N., Rybchak V.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n12_s59.pdf

Autor	Monika Wojcieszak-Zbierska, Jan Zawadka
Tytuł	Działania przedsiębiorcze kobiet na wsi na przykładzie KGW w powieciegnieźnieńskim
Title	Entrepreneurial activities of women in the countryside on the example of the FWA in the Gniezno poviat
Słowa kluczowe	koła gospodyń wiejskich, kobiety na wsi, Program Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich 2014–2020, przedsiębiorczość, obszary wiejskie
Key words	farmers’ wives’ association, women in the countryside, Rural Development Program 2014–2020, entrepreneurship, rural areas
Abstrakt	Celem opracowania jest przybliżenie genezy, istoty oraz celów funkcjonowania kół gospodyń wiejskich, zaprezentowanie ich aktywności w zakresie pozyskiwania środków z funduszy UE, a także rozpoznanie i ukazanie celów inwestycji przez nie prowadzonych. Opracowanie wzbogacono studium przypadku Koła Gospodyń Wiejskich (KGW) w Modliszewku. W pracy wykorzystano pierwotne oraz wtórne źródła materiału badawczego. Źródła wtórne to literatura naukowa z zakresu rozwoju lokalnego, przedsiębiorczości, w tym inicjatyw podejmowanych przez kobiety na obszarach wiejskich, rozporządzenia oraz dane Agencji Restrukturyzacji i Modernizacji Rolnictwa dotyczące dofinansowania KGW środkami z Programu Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich (PROW) 2014–2020. Źródła pierwotne natomiast to wyniki badań przeprowadzonych w kwietniu 2019 roku dotyczących wykorzystywania pozyskanych przez KGW środków finansowych. Na podstawie wyników przeprowadzonych badań można stwierdzić, że pozyskane przez KGW fundusze pozwoliły na realizacje wielu działań, które przyczyniły się do rozwoju obszarów wiejskich. Członkinie badanych kół wykazywały się przedsiębiorczością i budowały dobry wizerunek swojego regionu. Otrzymane fundusze w głównej mierze przeznaczały na unowocześnienie posiadanego wyposażenia, a także promocję koła, regionu oraz lokalnej kuchni.
Abstract	The aim of the study was to present the genesis, essence and objectives of the functioning of farmers’ wives’ association (FWA), to present their activity in the area of obtaining funds from EU funds, as well as to identify and show the objectives of investments carried out by them. The study was enriched by a case study of the Farmers’ Wives’ Association in Modliszewko. Primary and secondary sources of research material were used in the work. Secondary sources are scientific literature in the field of local development, entrepreneurship, including initiatives undertaken by women in rural areas, regulations and data of the Agency for Restructuring and Modernization of Agriculture regarding co-financing of FWA with funds from Rural Development Program (RDP) 2014–2020. Primary sources are the results of research carried out in April 2019 regarding the use of funds obtained by FWA. Based on the results of the conducted research, it can be stated that the funds obtained by FWA enabled the implementation of many activities that contributed to the development of rural areas. Members of the surveyed organizations showed entrepreneurship and built a good image of their region. The funds received were mainly dedicated to the modernization of equipment, as well as the promotion of the organization, region and local cuisine.
Cytowanie	Wojcieszak-Zbierska M., Zawadka J.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n11_s127.pdf

Autor	Karol Sołek, Bogusław Ślusarczyk
Tytuł	THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL AREAS IN PODKARPACKIE PROVINCE
Title
Słowa kluczowe	entrepreneurship, rural areas, enterprise, Podkarapckie province, development
Key words
Abstrakt	The study is devoted to the diagnosis of entrepreneurship development in rural areas.The aim of the work is to analyze and evaluate the dynamics and directions ofentrepreneurship development in rural areas of the Podkarpackie province as well as toidentify changes and trends as well to present the strengths and weaknesses of rural areas inthe studied area. On the basis of the conducted research, it can be concluded that the numberof business entities in rural areas is systematically growing, and forecasts indicate furtherdevelopment. Assessment of directions and dynamics of entrepreneurship development basedon the number of entities by selected NACE sections in 2009-2017 showed no significantvariation in trends in all counties the trends are similar. The largest growth dynamics relat tocommunication and information services on, the real estate market as well as rental servicesfor buildings, machines or devices, job market mediation, tourist services, detective orsecurity services, maintenance of cleanliness and order, development of green areas, andoffice administration. In turn, industries such as agriculture, forestry, hunting and fishing,wholesale and retail trade, vehicle repairs, financial and insurance activities werecharacterized by a reverse tendency - a systematic decline in the number of business entitiesoccurred. The remaining sections of PKD maintained a stable, unchanging level.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Sołek K., Ślusarczyk B.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2019_n3_s131.pdf

Autor	Dawid Bródka, Andrzej Jędruchniewicz
Tytuł	Model obiegu okrężnego z punktu widzenia teorii kapitału szkoły austriackiej
Title	Circular flow model from the point of view of the capital theory of Austrian School
Słowa kluczowe	szkoła austriacka, teoria kapitału, model obiegu okrężnego, model struktury produkcji
Key words	Austrian School, theory of capital, circular fl ow model, structure of production model
Abstrakt	Celem artykułu była ocena modelu obiegu okrężnego z punktu widzenia teorii austriackiej szkoły ekonomii. W artykule omówiono teorię kapitału i model struktury produkcji tej szkoły. Omawiane zagadnienia odniesiono do modelu obiegu okrężnego, który dominuje w głównym nurcie ekonomii. Model ten jest krytykowany przez szkołę austriacką z powodu zbyt dużych uproszczeń. Główne zarzuty dotyczą pominięcia: twórczej natury działania ludzkiego, problemów niedoskonałej wiedzy i przedsiębiorczości, która związana jest z ryzykiem, roli czasu w działaniu i procesie produkcji, wertykalnego charakteru produkcji w gospodarce, powiązania oszczędności i inwestycji. Szkoła austriacka wskazuje również na zbyt daleko posuniętą w modelu obiegu okrężnego agregację kategorii ekonomicznych.
Abstract	The aim of the article was to assess the circular flow model from the point of view of the theory of the Austrian School. The article discusses the theory of capital and the production structure model of this school. The issues discussed were related to the circular flow model that dominates the mainstream of economics. This model is criticized by the Austrian School because of too much simplification. The main allegations relate to the omission of: the creative nature of human action, the problems of imperfect knowledge and entrepreneurship that is associated with risk, the role of time in action and the production process, the vertical nature of production in the economy, linking savings and investments. The Austrian School also points to the aggregation of economic categories going too far in the circular flow model.
Cytowanie	Bródka D., Jędruchniewicz A. (2019) Model obiegu okrężnego z punktu widzenia teorii kapitału szkoły austriackiej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 126: 17-28
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2019_n126_s17.pdf

Autor	Barbara Kiełbasa, Daniela Popa, Aliona Sargo, Mariusz Trojak
Tytuł	New Approaches to Developing the Integral Indicator Methodology for Estimating the Financial Efficiency of Agricultural Entities in Poland, the Republic of Moldova, and EU Countries
Title	New Approaches to Developing the Integral Indicator Methodology for Estimating the Financial Efficiency of Agricultural Entities in Poland, the Republic of Moldova, and EU Countries
Słowa kluczowe	agro-sector, European Union, correlation and regression, financial efficiency, food product, financial economy, productivity & profitability, resource efficiency
Key words	agro-sector, European Union, correlation and regression, financial efficiency, food product, financial economy, productivity & profitability, resource efficiency
Abstrakt	Economic literature pays a great deal of attention to economic and financial efficiency, expressed in terms of competition, concentration, productivity and profitability. This paper provides an all-embracing framework for the various existing theories in this area and illustrates these theories with practical applications. Currently, changing the size of the production potential in agricultural units in the Republic of Moldova depends to a great extent on the influence of different trends in the modification of production resources: the reduction of labor resources and agricultural land, quantitative and qualitative changes in fixed assets, and in current assets, etc.The notion of resource potential means the totality of the volume of all resources (natural, labor, material, intellectual, information, etc.) on specific enterprises, territories, branches, regions. Evaluating a broad field of research, the paper describes profit maximizing food products and demonstrates how several widely-used products can be fit into this framework. The authors also present an overview of the current major trends in the food sector and relate them to the assumptions for food products, thereby displaying their relevance and timeliness. The results include a set of recommendations for future research on this topic.The design, methodology and approach of this research is to explain why efficiency can help obtain a profit surplus, and to measure this efficiency. For quality of methodology we apply a range of statistical methods, as well as the strategic capability of organisations – made up of resources and competences. One way to approach the stategic capability of an organisation is to consider its strengths and weaknesses (for example, where it has a competitive advantage, profit, efficiency or disadvantage). Based on our research and results, we sought to understand the concepts of financial effciency and to apply these concepts to practical situations. At the start of each analysis entrepreneurship plays an important role. Most organisations have to innovate constantly to obtain profit and efficiency for food products. They need to be first into a market, or simply a follower of customers in developing new products and services. Original studies in Moldova and Poland regarding farm concentration in terms of Gini Coefficient, Gini Index and Concentration Index of the utilized agricultural area. Original calculus formula to determine the Concentration Index of the UAA for the top 10% largest farms in Moldova and UK.
Abstract	Economic literature pays a great deal of attention to economic and financial efficiency, expressed in terms of competition, concentration, productivity and profitability. This paper provides an all-embracing framework for the various existing theories in this area and illustrates these theories with practical applications. Currently, changing the size of the production potential in agricultural units in the Republic of Moldova depends to a great extent on the influence of different trends in the modification of production resources: the reduction of labor resources and agricultural land, quantitative and qualitative changes in fixed assets, and in current assets, etc.The notion of resource potential means the totality of the volume of all resources (natural, labor, material, intellectual, information, etc.) on specific enterprises, territories, branches, regions. Evaluating a broad field of research, the paper describes profit maximizing food products and demonstrates how several widely-used products can be fit into this framework. The authors also present an overview of the current major trends in the food sector and relate them to the assumptions for food products, thereby displaying their relevance and timeliness. The results include a set of recommendations for future research on this topic.The design, methodology and approach of this research is to explain why efficiency can help obtain a profit surplus, and to measure this efficiency. For quality of methodology we apply a range of statistical methods, as well as the strategic capability of organisations – made up of resources and competences. One way to approach the stategic capability of an organisation is to consider its strengths and weaknesses (for example, where it has a competitive advantage, profit, efficiency or disadvantage). Based on our research and results, we sought to understand the concepts of financial effciency and to apply these concepts to practical situations. At the start of each analysis entrepreneurship plays an important role. Most organisations have to innovate constantly to obtain profit and efficiency for food products. They need to be first into a market, or simply a follower of customers in developing new products and services. Original studies in Moldova and Poland regarding farm concentration in terms of Gini Coefficient, Gini Index and Concentration Index of the utilized agricultural area. Original calculus formula to determine the Concentration Index of the UAA for the top 10% largest farms in Moldova and UK.
Cytowanie	Kiełbasa B., Popa D., Sargo A., Trojak M. (2019) New Approaches to Developing the Integral Indicator Methodology for Estimating the Financial Efficiency of Agricultural Entities in Poland, the Republic of Moldova, and EU Countries.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 4: 103-112
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n4_s103.pdf

Autor	Nadiia Davydenko, Yuliia Nehoda, Iryna Tytarchuk, Natalia Wasilewska
Tytuł	Mechanizm zapewnienia zrównoważonego finansowania przedsiębiorstw rolnych
Title	MECHANISM OF ENSURING FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
Słowa kluczowe	stabilność finansowa, przedsiębiorstwa rolnicze, bezpieczeństwo finansowe, sektor rolno-przemysłowy, stabilny rozwój przedsiębiorstw, rentowność
Key words	financial sustainability, agricultural enterprises, financial security, agricultural-industrial sector, stable development of enterprises, profitability
Abstrakt	Celem badań jest wskazanie teoretycznych i metodycznych podejść do określania stabilności finansowej przedsiębiorstw rolnych. Przeanalizowano światowe i krajowe doświadczenia w określaniu stabilności finansowej podmiotów prowadzących działalność rolniczo-przemysłową, a także czynniki wpływające na kształtowanie stabilności finansowej na poziomie regionalnym oraz w grupach przedsiębiorstw rolnych. Istnieje specyfika mechanizmu stabilności finansowej przedsiębiorstw rolnych. Głównym celem mechanizmu zapewniającego stabilność finansową jest osiągnięcie bezpieczeństwa finansowego, stabilności funkcjonowania i rozwoju. Metoda oferuje wykorzystanie kompleksu wskaźników, które są ściśle powiązane i określają status ekonomiczny oraz zdolność finansową do kontynuowania działalności przedsiębiorstwa i badania stabilności finansowej przedsiębiorstwa.
Abstract	The aim of the research is summing up and improving theoretical and methodical approaches to determination of financial sustainability of agricultural enterprises. World and national experience of financial sustainability determination of entrepreneurial activities subjects were analyzed and summarized as well as system impact factors on formation of financial sustainability on the regional level and the group of agricultural enterprises level were examined. There are considerable formation specifics of the financial sustainability mechanism of agricultural enterprises. It means that main target of mechanism to ensure financial sustainability is to achieve financial security, their work stability and development today and in future. The method offers using complex of indicators that are closely connected with each other and define economic status and financial ability to continue enterprise activities and examine financial sustainability of an enterprise. The implementation of this approach to determine financial sustainability will increase the information background for further analyzation of financial opportunities.
Cytowanie	Davydenko N., Nehoda Y., Tytarchuk I., Wasilewska N. (2019) Mechanizm zapewnienia zrównoważonego finansowania przedsiębiorstw rolnych.Roczniki Naukowe Ekonomii Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich, t. 106, z. 1: 7-21
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Pełny tekst	RNR_2019_n1_s7.pdf

Autor	Rafał Rosiński
Tytuł	Obciążenia fiskalne pracy mikroprzedsiębiorstw w Polsce
Title	Fiscal burden on labor of micro-enterprises in Poland
Słowa kluczowe	koszty pracy, obciążenia fiskalne, mikroprzedsiębiorstwo.
Key words	labor costs, fiscal burden, micro-enterprise.
Abstrakt	Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie i analiza obciążeń fiskalnych pracy mikroprzedsiębiorstw w Polsce z wyodrębnieniem obciążeń osoby fizycznej prowadzącej działalność gospodarczą w ramach tzw. samozatrudnienia oraz obciążeń odprowadzanych przez przedsiębiorcę za pracowników. W artykule zostały zaprezentowane ponadto uwarunkowania fiskalne prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej na podstawie danych pochodzących z raportu Doing Business 2018 opracowanego przez Bank Światowy (World Bank Group). Zasadniczą kwestię w zakresie obciążeń fiskalnych pracy odgrywają obciążenia parapodatkowe pracy, wyrażające się w obowiązkowych składkach na ubezpieczenia społeczne i ubezpieczenie zdrowotne, co stanowi dla mikroprzedsiębiorstw jedną z większych barier w prowadzeniu i rozwoju działalności gospodarczej. W ostatnich latach Polska uzyskała znaczącą poprawę w kryterium dotyczącym czasu poświęconego rozliczeniom podatkowym.
Abstract	The purpose of the article is to present and analyze the fiscal burdens on labor of micro-enterprises in Poland with the separation of the burdens of a natural person running a business under the so-called self-employment and burdens paid by the entrepreneur for employees. The article presents also the fiscal conditions of conducting business activity based on data from the Doing Business 2018 report prepared by the World Bank Group. The basic issue of the scope of fiscal burdens on labor is quasi-tax burden, expressed in compulsory social security and health insurance contributions, which is one of the major barriers to microenterprises in the conduct and development of business. In recent years, Poland has achieved a significant improvement in terms of time devoted to tax settlements.
Cytowanie	Rosiński R. (2019) Obciążenia fiskalne pracy mikroprzedsiębiorstw w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 21(70): 202-210
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2019_n70_s202.pdf

Autor	Aurelia Bielawska, Michał Piechocki
Tytuł	Regulacje prawne dotyczące ustalania cen transferowych i ich oddziaływanie na przebieg transakcji handlowych przedsiębiorców
Title	LEGAL REGULATIONS REGARDING THE DETERMINATION OF TRANSFER PRICES AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE COURSE OF COMMERCIAL TRANSACTIONS OF ENTREPRENEURS
Słowa kluczowe	ceny transferowe, podatki, obowiązki przedsiębiorców, dokumentowanie przebiegu transakcji
Key words	transfer prices, taxes, obligations of entrepreneurs, documenting the course of the transaction
Abstrakt	Celem niniejszej publikacji jest przedstawienie i porównanie wybranych aspektów regulacji podatkowych obowiązujących w krajach Unii Europejskiej w zakresie ustalania cen transferowych, stosowanych w transakcjach o niskiej wartości dodanej zawieranych pomiędzy podmiotami powiązanymi, w rozliczeniach wewnątrzgrupowych i innych aspektach związanych z międzynarodowym prawem z zasadami obowiązującymi w prawie rosyjskim. Zasadnicza teza opracowania zawiera się w stwierdzeniu, że regulacje podatkowe dotyczące dokumentowania zasad sporządzania cen transferowych obowiązujące w poszczególnych krajach Unii Europejskiej, pomimo przyjęcia wspólnych założeń, znacznie różnią się między sobą, co uniemożliwia jednolite podejście przedsiębiorców do ich ustalania. Przygotowując opracowanie dokonano analizę literatury przedmiotu z zakresu finansów, rachunkowości i prawa, analizę i ocenę obowiązujących oraz projektowanych aktów prawnych, a - formułując wnioski z badań - skonfrontowano wyniki analizy z doświadczeniami własnymi autorów.
Abstract	The purpose of this publication is to present European and Russian tax regulations regarding transfer pricing, transactions between related parties, intra-group settlements, low-value transactions and other aspects related to international tax law. The basic thesis is contained in the statement that the tax regulations in the world, despite the commonly accepted assumptions, differ significantly from each other, which makes it impossible for a uniform approach of entrepreneurs to the issue of transfer prices. The study was created using a critical analysis of the literature on the subject, applicable legal acts and draft legal acts, as well as the author's own experience using deductive and inductive reasoning.
Cytowanie	Bielawska A., Piechocki M. (2019) Regulacje prawne dotyczące ustalania cen transferowych i ich oddziaływanie na przebieg transakcji handlowych przedsiębiorców.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 21(70): 22-32
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2019_n70_s22.pdf

Autor	Marzena Kacprzak, Agnieszka Król, Marta Radziszewska
Tytuł	European Integration Influence on the Development of Human Capital of Small and Medium Enterprises in Poland
Title	European Integration Influence on the Development of Human Capital of Small and Medium Enterprises in Poland
Słowa kluczowe	human capital, small and medium enterprises, European integration, EU assistance programs, EU funds
Key words	human capital, small and medium enterprises, European integration, EU assistance programs, EU funds
Abstrakt	Enterprises from the SME sector significantly affect the quality of human capital in Poland and the standards of their management are rising every year. The aim of this article is to present the essence and specifics of human capital of SMEs, showing the impact of European integration on the devel-opment of human capital in this sector. In addition, the authors focus on finding the answer to the question whether employers willingly reach for EU funding (sources of knowledge, forms, types of funding, barriers to access to funds) to be able to support and develop human capital that they have in the long run. The study was carried out by a survey method. The analysis made allowed to formu-late the following conclusions. Entrepreneurs willingly undertake to raise funds from EU funds. Re-spondents were convinced that EU funds help in the development of their businesses, although ob-taining funding alone is not easy. The respondents pointed to barriers, which include complicated and lengthy procedures, as well as low availability of information.
Abstract	Enterprises from the SME sector significantly affect the quality of human capital in Poland and the standards of their management are rising every year. The aim of this article is to present the essence and specifics of human capital of SMEs, showing the impact of European integration on the devel-opment of human capital in this sector. In addition, the authors focus on finding the answer to the question whether employers willingly reach for EU funding (sources of knowledge, forms, types of funding, barriers to access to funds) to be able to support and develop human capital that they have in the long run. The study was carried out by a survey method. The analysis made allowed to formu-late the following conclusions. Entrepreneurs willingly undertake to raise funds from EU funds. Re-spondents were convinced that EU funds help in the development of their businesses, although ob-taining funding alone is not easy. The respondents pointed to barriers, which include complicated and lengthy procedures, as well as low availability of information.
Cytowanie	Kacprzak M., Król A., Radziszewska M. (2018) European Integration Influence on the Development of Human Capital of Small and Medium Enterprises in Poland.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 18(33), z. 4: 236-249
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2018_T18(33)_n4_s236.pdf

Autor	Karolina Książczak, Bartosz Nieścior
Tytuł	Reklama suplementów diety – analiza prawna
Title	Advertisement of Diet Supplement – Legal Analysis
Słowa kluczowe	suplement diety, żywność, reklama, produkt leczniczy
Key words	diet supplement, food, advertisement, medical product
Abstrakt	Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza prawna reklamy suplementów diety i problemów jakie napotykają konsumenci oraz przedsiębiorcy z uwagi na brak kompleksowego uregulowania przedmiotowych produktów. Nacisk został położony na przeanalizowanie aktów prawnych ustanowionych na poziomie Unii Europejskiej oraz aktów obowiązujących w prawie krajowym, a także przykładach zastosowania powyższych regulacji w orzecznictwie sądów oraz decyzji kompetentnych organów. W obliczu częstych problemów z zastosowaniem się do przepisów właściwych suplementom diety, analiza taka okazuje się niezbędna dla porównania różnych reżimów prawnych rządzących reklamą suplementów diety oraz kompleksowego uregulowania dotyczącego produktów leczniczych.
Abstract	The purpose of this article is a legal analysis of advertising for dietary supplements and problems encountered by consumers and entrepreneurs due to the lack of comprehensive regulation of the products. Emphasis was placed on analyzing legal acts established at the level of the European Union and acts in force in national law, as well as examples of the application of the above regulations in court decisions and decisions of competent authorities. Given the frequent problems with adherence to provisions applicable to dietary supplements, such an analysis turns out to be necessary to compare the various legal regimes governing the advertising of dietary supplements and comprehensive regulation of medicinal products.
Cytowanie	Książczak K., Nieścior B. (2018) Reklama suplementów diety – analiza prawna.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 18(33), z. 1: 130-142
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2018_T18(33)_n1_s130.pdf

Autor	Zoltan Gal, Raqif Huseynov, Devesh Singh, Michał Wojtaszek
Tytuł	Determining the Performance Measurement of SME from Economic Value Added: Study on Hungary, Somogy County
Title	Determining the Performance Measurement of SME from Economic Value Added: Study on Hungary, Somogy County
Słowa kluczowe	Economic value added, small and medium-sized enterprises SMEs, performance measurement, Hungary, Somogy County
Key words	Economic value added, small and medium-sized enterprises SMEs, performance measurement, Hungary, Somogy County
Abstrakt	EVA (Economic Value Added) permits commercial businesses to figure out whether the business is operating in profit and the money can be put into effect into a more profitable source. A leading EVA is a sign that the company has a greater value. The goal of this study is to identify if SMEs' actions carried out on a daily basis are able to generate economic value added for their business. The study is based on a comparative study between Hungary and 28 EU countries. The study is carried out in Hungary’s region of Somogy county. First, the variables for research were created and research was carried out at ground level. The research used the Expletory Factor analysis method to find EVA determinants. The results showed that determinants work together to reshape the regional industrial growth. The research demonstrated that finance and sluggish production are the major determinants in Somogy county. Entrepreneurs' skills and finance have the major impact, which means that to achieve a high growth in SMEs, policy makers have to solve these two problems and make the policy concentric toward finance and high skill development problem.
Abstract	EVA (Economic Value Added) permits commercial businesses to figure out whether the business is operating in profit and the money can be put into effect into a more profitable source. A leading EVA is a sign that the company has a greater value. The goal of this study is to identify if SMEs' actions carried out on a daily basis are able to generate economic value added for their business. The study is based on a comparative study between Hungary and 28 EU countries. The study is carried out in Hungary’s region of Somogy county. First, the variables for research were created and research was carried out at ground level. The research used the Expletory Factor analysis method to find EVA determinants. The results showed that determinants work together to reshape the regional industrial growth. The research demonstrated that finance and sluggish production are the major determinants in Somogy county. Entrepreneurs' skills and finance have the major impact, which means that to achieve a high growth in SMEs, policy makers have to solve these two problems and make the policy concentric toward finance and high skill development problem.
Cytowanie	Gal Z., Huseynov R., Singh D., Wojtaszek M. (2018) Determining the Performance Measurement of SME from Economic Value Added: Study on Hungary, Somogy County.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 18(33), z. 2: 270-279
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2018_T18(33)_n2_s270.pdf

Autor	Kinga Jeziorska, Agnieszka Parlińska
Tytuł	Rozwój rynku gwarancji ubezpieczeniowych w Polsce
Title	DEVELOPMENT OF THE GUARANTEE INSURANCE MARKET IN POLAND
Słowa kluczowe	ubezpieczenia finansowe, gwarancja ubezpieczeniowa, gwarant
Key words	Financial insurance, insurance guarantee, the guarantor
Abstrakt	Gwarancje ubezpieczeniowe są instrumentami przeznaczonymi w głównej mierze dla przedsiębiorców, którzy uczestniczą w przetargach oraz zajmują się wykonywaniem kontraktów jako forma zabezpieczenia bez blokowania ich własnych środków finansowych. Celem artykułU była ocena rozwoju i znaczenia gwarancji ubezpieczeniowych na tle ubezpieczeń finansowych w Polsce w latach 2005-2016. Przedstawiono aspekty prawne i konstrukcje gwarancji ubezpieczeniowych. Dokonano analizy rozwoju gwarancji ubezpieczeniowych pod względem liczby zakładów ubezpieczeń, liczby wystawionych polis, wartości składki przypisanej brutto, liczby wypłat oraz wartości wypłaconych odszkodowań i świadczeń brutto.
Abstract	Insurance guarantees are instruments designed mainly for entrepreneurs who participate in tenders and deal with performance contracts as a form of security without blocking their own financial resources. The paper introduces the development and importance of insurance guarantees on the background of financial insurance in Poland in the years 2005-2016. On the beginning the legal aspects and guarantees construction were presented. The analysis of the development of insurance guarantees in terms of the number of insurance undertakings, the number of issued insurance policies, values contributions assigned gross number of withdrawals and the value of the paid compensation gross were included.
Cytowanie	Jeziorska K., Parlińska A. (2018) Rozwój rynku gwarancji ubezpieczeniowych w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 20(69): 150-162
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2018_n69_s150.pdf

Autor	Marta Gacparska, Mariusz Panczyk, Iwona Traczyk
Tytuł	European Food Safety Authority as the source of information on food and nutrition
Title	Europejski Urząd ds. Bezpieczeństwa Żywności (EFSA) jako źródło informacji na temat żywności i żywienia
Słowa kluczowe	EFSA, EFSA knowledge, opinions, students
Key words	EFSA, wiedza o EFSA, opinie, studenci
Abstrakt	European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) was set up by the European Union that operates independently of the European legislative and executive institutions (Commission, Council, Parliament) and EU Member States. It was established in 2002 to be a source of scientific advice and communication on risks associated with the food chain. European Food Safety Authority is responsible for risk assessment, and also has a duty to communicate its scientific findings to the public. It produces scientific opinions and advice that constitute the basis for European policies and legislation. It also play an important role in collecting and analysing data to ensure that European risk assessment is supported by the most comprehensive scientific information available. Thus, it is the treasure trove for present and future public health specialists and nutritionists. Since 29 February 2008 when the Polish EFSA Focal Point was established at the Chief Sanitary Inspectorate EFSA’s word has become potentially more reachable for Polish consumers and entrepreneurs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of university students of public health, dietetics and other disciplines related to human nutrition on EFSA’s objective and scope of its operation as well as to assess EFSA as a potential source of information for them. The study was carried out using the CAWI method from June to November 2017 among 201 students of public health (68 students) and faculties related to human nutrition (133 students). Among them, 85% of public health students did not work and 82% of students of faculties related to human nutrition neither did. The most of public health students were in their fourth year and among students of faculties related to human nutrition a group in third year the accounted for the greatest part. Results were analysed using configure frequency analysis (CFA) and χ2 test. Results indicate that 41% of public health student and 11% of students of human nutrition related faculties did not know EFSA at the moment of participation in the study. In both groups of public health students and students of human nutrition related faculties, more participants were not encouraged by the university to use information published by EFSA (respectively 87 and 63%). Only 4% of public health students and 38% of students of faculties related to human nutrition did use at least once information published by EFSA. The most often indicated cause of not using EFSA’s resources was lack of awareness of possibility to explore it (62%). In general, more students of faculties related to human nutrition did know EFSA’s activities, were encouraged to use its information and were interested in Polish fanpage of EFSA than public health students. The knowledge of students about EFSA and the possibility of using its resources is insuffi cient. It is reasonable to include EFSA-related topics in the study program of public health faculty and human nutrition-related faculties in order to better familiarize students with EFSA resources and show them what tools and opportunities they offer in their academic and professional life.
Abstract	Europejski Urząd ds. Bezpieczeństwa Żywności (EFSA) został stworzony przez Unię Europejską. Jego działalność jest niezależna od europejskich instytucji prawodawczych i wykonawczych (Komisji, Rady, Parlamentu) i państw członkowskich UE. Urząd został założony w 2002 r., aby stanowić źródło doradztwa naukowego i komunikacji w zakresie ryzyka związanego z łańcuchem żywnościowym. Europejski Urząd ds. Bezpieczeństwa Żywności jest odpowiedzialny za ocenę ryzyka, a także ma obowiązek przekazywania swoich wyników badań naukowych do informacji publicznej. Wydaje opinie i porady naukowe, które stanowią podstawę europejskich polityk i prawodawstwa. Odgrywa również ważną rolę w gromadzeniu i analizowaniu danych, aby zapewnić, że europejska ocena ryzyka jest wspierana przez najbardziej wszechstronne, dostępne informacje naukowe. W związku z powyższym EFSA stanowi bogate źródło informacji dla obecnych i przyszłych specjalistów zdrowia publicznego oraz żywieniowców. Od 29 stycznia 2008 r., gdy został ustanowiony polski punkt koordynacyjny EFSA z siedzibą Warszawie, przekaz EFSA stał się potencjalnie bardziej osiągalny dla polskich konsumentów i przedsiębiorców. Celem badania była analiza wiedzy studentów (kierunków: zdrowie publiczne, dietetyka, żywienie człowieka i pokrewnych związanych z żywieniem człowieka) na temat celu i zakresu działalności EFSA oraz jego oceny jako potencjalnego źródła informacji. Badanie przeprowadzono z użyciem metody CAWI w okresie od czerwca do listopada 2017 r. w grupie studentów zdrowia publicznego (67 osób) i kierunków związanych z żywieniem (137 osób). W okresie badania 85% studentów zdrowia publicznego i 82% studentów kierunków związanych z żywieniem nie pracowało. Większość studentów zdrowia publicznego była na czwartym roku studiów. Nieco młodsi byli studenci kierunków związanych z żywieniem, wśród których przeważały osoby z trzeciego roku studiów. Wyniki badania przeanalizowane na podstawie konfi guracyjnej analizy częstotliwości wskazują, że 41% studentów zdrowia publicznego i 11% studentów kierunków związanych z żywieniem człowieka nie znało pojęcia EFSA. Niezależnie od kierunku większość studentów twierdziła, że nie była zachęcana przez swoją uczelnię do korzystania z zasobów informacyjnych EFSA. Tylko 4% studentów zdrowia publicznego i 38% studentów kierunków związanych z żywieniem człowieka przynajmniej raz korzystało z informacji publikowanych przez EFSA. Głównymi przyczynami niekorzystania z zasobów EFSA, zidentyfikowanymi wśród badanych respondentów, były brak wiedzy o urzędzie oraz niemożność korzystania z jego zasobów (według 62% badanych). Większą wiedzę o EFSA deklarowali studenci kierunków związanych z żywieniem człowieka. Częściej znali zakres działalności EFSA, byli zachęcani do korzystania z jego opracowań, wyrażali zainteresowanie śledzeniem polskiego fanpage urzędu. Wiedza studentów na temat EFSA oraz możliwości wykorzystania jego zasobów jest niewystarczająca. Zasadne jest włączenie do program nauczania na kierunku zdrowie publiczne i kierunkach pokrewnych z żywieniem człowieka zagadnień związanych z EFSA, aby lepiej zapoznać studentów z zasobami tego urzędu i wskazać im narzędzia i możliwości oferowane im w życiu akademickim i zawodowym.
Cytowanie	Gacparska M., Panczyk M., Traczyk I. (2018) European Food Safety Authority as the source of information on food and nutrition.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 122: 95-106
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