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Autor	Aldona Zawojska
Tytuł	Strefa euro a nowe kraje członkowskie Unii Europejskiej - dywergencja czy konwergencja gospodarcza?
Title	Euro Zone versus new Member States of the European Union - Economic Divergence or Convergence?
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Abstract	Economic and Monetary Union is unique in that it combines centralised conduct of monetary policy by the European Central Bank (ECB) with national sovereignty over fiscal and other economic policies. Its main goals are providing greater macroeconomic stability and improving economic efficiency in the euro area. After implementation of the EU enlargement on l May 2004, the ten new EU member states now face the challenge of joining the Eurozone. Central and East European Countries (CEEC) differ significantly with regards to their economic performance. Of the eight countries in Central and Eastern Europe joined the EU, only Estonia and Lithuania currently meet all the Maastricht convergence criteria. EU membership gives the opportunity to catch up, but the actual economic outcomes depend on the quality of domestic policies.
Cytowanie	Zawojska A. (2004) Strefa euro a nowe kraje członkowskie Unii Europejskiej - dywergencja czy konwergencja gospodarcza?.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 53: 25-42
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Autor	Mirosław Wasilewski
Tytuł	Klasyfikacja zapasów i gospodarowanie nimi w podmiotach rolniczych
Title	The Classification and Management of Reserves in Farming Entities
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Abstract	In the paper the classification of reserves according to many criterions is presented. The attempt of defying uniform groups of reserves with highest and lowest level as regards the regularity of demand and the possibility of running low in different organizational and property forms of agricultural farms was made. Within all groups of farms the rising role of cooperation with deliverers of factors to the production on the basis of trade contracts was observed. Resources to the production were ordered in different ways depending on the groups of resources. The time of delivery realization was shortest in private farms (mainly for the sake of direct purchase). Reserves characterized by highest and lowest states as well as regard the possibility of running low, the regularity of demand and possibility of forecasting were di verse between the groups of farms. The management of reserves in different organizational and property forms of agricultural farms should be treated individually. The normative determination of levels of reserves' types is difficult. In private farms the situation is worsened by the little farmers' knowledge about possibilities of reserves' managing rationalization.
Cytowanie	Wasilewski M. (2004) Klasyfikacja zapasów i gospodarowanie nimi w podmiotach rolniczych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 54: 51-68
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Autor	Mirosław Wasilewski
Tytuł	Poziom nakładów materialnych a wyniki ekonomiczne gospodarstw indywidualnych
Title	The Level of Material Outlays and Economic Results of Private Farms
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Abstract	In the paper the analysis of the relationship between economic results and the level of the material outlays' concentration in private farms is presented. In general, farms with the highest level of the material outlays' concentration were characterized by the highest profitability of land, while in the group of the lowest level of those outlays the profitability was the lowest. In the case of the productivity of land relationships were similar to the case of its profitability. Social and economic efficiency of labour was higher in the group of farms with the highest level of material outlays, what shows that resources and labour outlays were used effectively. In general farms with an average level of material outlays were characterized by the highest profitability of sale, while farms with the highest outlays were characterized by the lowest profitability. It may show that the effectiveness of material outlays decrease with the growth by unit of the level of outlays. One of possible reasons for that tendency, in comparison with the highest profitability of land in the third group of farms, is using purchased materials for the broader scale, what makes farms independent on their resources of land.
Cytowanie	Wasilewski M. (2004) Poziom nakładów materialnych a wyniki ekonomiczne gospodarstw indywidualnych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 52: 91-99
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Autor	Mirosław Wasilewski
Tytuł	Wyniki i organizacja produkcji w gospodarstwach rolniczych o różnych formach organizacyjno-prawnych
Title	The Outputs and the Production Organization in Different Organizational and Property Forms of Agricultural Farms
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Abstract	In the paper the comparative analysis of !he organization and the productivity per unit of the plant and animal production in different organizational and property forms of agricultural farms is presented. The share of agricultural land in total area was similar in all of the farms' groups, the area of agricultural land in private farms increased insignificantly while in another farms it decreased. Those farms were characterized by the lowest area. Companies were characterized by the lowest level of labour force reserves while in private farms those reserves were the highest. In all of the farms' groups cereals dominated in the structure of sown, the most in private farms, and the least in companies owned to A WRSP. The differences between farms as regards fertilizing with mineral fertilizers were not large, and the highest crops of cereals occurred in A WRSP companies. The highest number of livestock occurred in private farms and the lowest in A WRSP companies. In the structure of the herd of animals swine predominated in private farms and in the rest of farms' groups cattle predominated. Private farms were characterized by the highest effectiveness of reserves of resources to the production usage while companies incurred losses.
Cytowanie	Wasilewski M. (2004) Wyniki i organizacja produkcji w gospodarstwach rolniczych o różnych formach organizacyjno-prawnych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 53: 127-142
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Autor	Małgorzata Raczkowska
Tytuł	Warunki bytu w polskich gospodarstwach domowych dotkniętych ubóstwem
Title	Economic Conditions of Poor Households in Poland
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Abstract	The aim of the paper was to analyse economic conditions of poor households in Poland. The research shows the diversity of incomes and expenses within the poor households. The paper was prepared on the basis of the data collected by the Main Statistical Office (GUS).
Cytowanie	Raczkowska M. (2004) Warunki bytu w polskich gospodarstwach domowych dotkniętych ubóstwem.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 53: 113-125
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Autor	Krystyna Krzyżanowska
Tytuł	Kompetencja komunikacyjna menedżera jako czynnik skutecznego zarządzania przedsiębiorstwem
Title	The Manager's Communicational Competence as a Factor of an Effective Management of a Company
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Abstract	Concepts of communication, forms of communication, verbal and unverbal communication in an enterprise are presented in the article. They determine an effective management of a company. The management of the communication process in a company requires: reconnaissance of barriers to effective communication and finding methods to overcome them. Abilities of reading unverbal signals, sending verbal signals consistent with unverbal signals and ability of active listening and reading feedback are very useful in this field.
Cytowanie	Krzyżanowska K. (2004) Kompetencja komunikacyjna menedżera jako czynnik skutecznego zarządzania przedsiębiorstwem.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 52: 33-45
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Autor	Ewa Drabik, Anna Górska
Tytuł	Ocena inwestycji na Warszawskiej Giełdzie Towarowej w okresie od stycznia 2002 roku do lipca 2004 roku
Title	The Evaluation of lnvestments at the Warsaw Commodity Exchange from January 2002 to July 2004
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Abstract	Nowadays the commodity exchange offers not only a wide range of operations such as trade in commodities but also future contracts and other types of financial transactions. While at the stock exchange one can encounter mainly shares, the commodity exchange epitomizes an impressive variety of negotiable units. Mutual funds and deposits, which are an alternative way of investing, also play a relevant role on the financial market. From economical point of view deposits are burdened with the smallest risk. According to the modem financial theory, the attitude towards a risk is considered as a very important aspect of the situation on the market. Not only behaviour of the investors but also political and economical events determine the situation on the market. The. behaviour of the investors is analysed by the cognitive psychology, which is associated with a new behavioural current in financial theory, which is called the behaviour finance. The aim of this paper is to check, if it is worth to invest at the commodity exchange. The analysis is carried out on the basis of the data from Warsaw Commodity Exchange in the span of3 years: 2002-2004.
Cytowanie	Drabik E., Górska A. (2004) Ocena inwestycji na Warszawskiej Giełdzie Towarowej w okresie od stycznia 2002 roku do lipca 2004 roku.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 54: 89-99
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Autor	Ewa Krawczyk
Tytuł	Rozwój rynku kontraktów terminowych na Giełdzie Papierów Wartościowych w Warszawie
Title	The Development of Future Contracts Market at the Warsaw Stock Exchange in Warsaw
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Abstract	The development of future contracts market can be divided into two stages. The first stage includes the period 1998-1999, when future contracts appeared and strengthen its position at the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The second stage includes the period 2000-2004, when a dynamic development of future contracts occurred. In the first stage quotations of unconditional future contracts futures WIG20, futures USD, futures EURO were started, while in the second stage: futures Tech WIG, futures on shares and futures on MIDWIG. In the analyzed period the contract futures WIG20 was of great importance with the share of 98% in total turnovers on derivatives. The future contracts market is the fastest developing market on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. In 1998, the year of the debut, the value of turnovers of future contracts amounted to 1 % of spot market turnovers. In the next year this relationship amounted to 7%. In the end of 2000 turnovers of future contracts amounted to 17% of spot market turnovers. In the years 2001-2002 the value of turnovers of derivatives amounted to 119% of the value of spot market turnovers. In 2003 the dynamic development of future contracts was continued. Turnovers of future contracts amounted to 158% of spot market turnovers.
Cytowanie	Krawczyk E. (2004) Rozwój rynku kontraktów terminowych na Giełdzie Papierów Wartościowych w Warszawie.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 54: 101-113
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Autor	Wojciech Pizło
Tytuł	Zastosowanie marketingu internetowego w „Indykpolu"
Title	The Use of the Internet Marketing in "Indykpol"
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Abstract	The paper presents the use of the Internet in marketing actions of one of the biggest food processing industry enterprises in Poland - "Indykpol". In the paper the general characteristic of the company: the history, the origin of the capital group "Indykpol" and marketing actions done by the capital group are presented. The marketing strategy of the company, the strategy realized by the Internet, and problems of the Internet marketing development in the capital group were also presented.
Cytowanie	Pizło W. (2004) Zastosowanie marketingu internetowego w „Indykpolu".Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 53: 159-174
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Autor	Jan Wołoszyn
Tytuł	Wiedza czynnikiem poprawy konkurencyjności gospodarki w UE
Title	The Knowledge as a Factor of Competitiveness Improvement in UE Economy
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Abstract	The article presents the role of the knowledge in an economy, concepts of learning all life through and basic assumption of Lisbon strategy. It assumes that European economy, by being based on knowledge, will become more competitive and dynamic. Therefore an attention is paid to strategic targets and tasks, which refer to continuous learning. Above all they need the following: 1) quality and effectiveness improvement of education in all UE countries, 2) facilitation of public access to different educational systems, 3) opening the education on the environment and on the world. The article emphasises different factors' responsibility for realisation of the learning all life through strategy.
Cytowanie	Wołoszyn J. (2004) Wiedza czynnikiem poprawy konkurencyjności gospodarki w UE.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 52: 5-15
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Autor	Monika Gładysz
Tytuł	Znaczenie agencji oceniających (ratingowych) po wprowadzeniu w 2004 roku przez Komitet Bazylejski Nowej Umowy Kapitałowej
Title	The Importance of the Assessment Agencies after Implementation of the New Capital Adequacy Framework by the Basle Committee on Banking Supervision in 2004
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Abstract	Basel Committee on Banking Supervision published in 2004 the New Capital Adequacy Framework. A special importance is assigned in this document to the external assessment agencies. Banks will have to determine the minimum capital requirements on the basis of assessments by the external agencies. The role of the external assessment agencies in the New Capital Adequacy Framework and potential threats and benefits from using by banks the external assessments for determination of the. minimum capital requirements are presented in the paper.
Cytowanie	Gładysz M. (2004) Znaczenie agencji oceniających (ratingowych) po wprowadzeniu w 2004 roku przez Komitet Bazylejski Nowej Umowy Kapitałowej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 52: 101-112
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Autor	Mariusz Hamulczuk, Alicja Stolarska
Tytuł	Zmiany źródeł utrzymania ludności rolniczej
Title	Changes in Income Sources of the Agricultural Population
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Abstract	The paper includes an analysis of changes in income sources of private agricultural farms. The work is based on numeric data from National Census of People from 1996 and 2002. The share of agricultural population financially dependent on agricultural production decreased. The share of agricultural population made a living by social incomes increased at the same time.
Cytowanie	Hamulczuk M., Stolarska A. (2004) Zmiany źródeł utrzymania ludności rolniczej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 53: 91-97
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Autor	Marcin Idzik
Tytuł	Społeczne uwarunkowania rozwoju bankowości detalicznej w Polsce
Title	Social Conditions of the Retail Banking Development in Poland
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Abstract	The paper presents the scale of retail bank usage in Poland as well as factors determining the development of retail banking usage and reasons for non using banking services. The knowledge about financial institutions, sources of fears and opinions about the satisfaction from services offered by banks to individuals were also assessed. The necessity of financial exclusion reduction and taking into consideration poor people were also pointed.
Cytowanie	Idzik M. (2004) Społeczne uwarunkowania rozwoju bankowości detalicznej w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 53: 43-56
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Autor	Aneta Stańko
Tytuł	Poziom ubóstwa w krajach nowo przyjętych do Unii Europejskiej
Title	The Poverty Level in New Member Countries of the European Union
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Abstract	The paper presents chosen indicators of poverty and labour market in new member countries of the European Union. The new member countries could participate in the open coordination of policy against poverty and social exclusion from the first day of membership. The poverty level in new member countries was almost on the same level as in the "old" members but the poverty threshold was much lower in new members. The biggest sphere of poverty was in Estonia and Lithuania (over 16%), the lowest-in the Czech Republic and Hungary (about 10%). The main cause of poverty in all of the member countries was unemployment, especially persistent.
Cytowanie	Stańko A. (2004) Poziom ubóstwa w krajach nowo przyjętych do Unii Europejskiej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 53: 99-111
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Autor	Grzegorz Koszela
Tytuł	Analiza portfela rynkowego
Title	The Analysis of Market Portfolio
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Abstract	Specialist bibliography offers an equation of the CML, but no formulae for market portfolio' s risk and return. It is connected with the omission of the equation of hyperbola, illustrating the interdependence between risk and return of a two-element portfolio. Co-ordinates of point C are the key for the selection of a portfolio with a predetermined risk of return from a ·CML. This paper fills in this gap. The paper also illustrates an issue of the short sale. Problems with the application of the above theory to multi-element portfolios consist in the fact that, starting from three-element portfolio, three is no clear equivalent of the equation determining the relation between return and risk. In a market portfolio the fundamental importance is attached to an adequate tangent to the hyperbola, its equation, and a point of tangency with the hyperbola. It means that it is impossible to apply the problem to the case of a portfolio assembled of a range of stocks (at least three) and one kind of bonds. Modifying the notion of a market portfolio by introducing a new notion of the so-called arbitrarily small risk portfolio, the author of this paper has achieved the possibility of a uniform characterization of portfolios assembled from any number of elements. A paper on the subject is prepared for publication.
Cytowanie	Koszela G. (2004) Analiza portfela rynkowego.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 52: 119-129
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Autor	Elżbieta Kacperska, Jakub Kraciuk
Tytuł	Procesy koncentracji w polskim sektorze bankowym
Title	Concentration Processes in Polish Banking Sector
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Abstract	The financial sector presents the strongest tendency towards capital concentration, what is the effect of its deregulation, liberalization and strong competitiveness. Fusions and foreign investors, who are taking banks over, are accomplishing this concentration. From the beginning of 1993 until the first quarter of 2004, the number of active commercial banks decreased from 87 to 59 and 27 fusions and assumptions were noticed. At the beginning of 2004 foreign investors controlled 46 commercial banks out of 59 operating in Poland. The value of their investments exceeded 7 .2 billions PLN and they owned 76.3% of equity and supplementary funds and 67.4% of assets. Owing to these investments, the banking sector development has started and the investors subsidised existing banks, improved infrastructure and made many innovations. The large foreign banks, which were set up as a result of concentration, made banking system more effective and facilitated development of national economy. On the other hand, the superior contribution of large foreign banks obstructs national financial policy and makes the financial sector sensitive to prosperity fluctuations and a crisis of the world banking system.
Cytowanie	Kacperska E., Kraciuk J. (2004) Procesy koncentracji w polskim sektorze bankowym.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 54: 69-87
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Autor	Barbara Wyrzykowska
Tytuł	Rodzaje powiązań integracyjnych w agrobiznesie
Title	The Types of Integration Connections in Agrobusiness
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Abstract	Common actions play the rising role in today' s world. The integration processes on an international scale influence on the integration processes between branches of agriculture and food processing industry on the country or region scale. There are distinguished two main types of integration: vertical and horizontal; sometimes it is said about diagonal (or cross) integration. It is also said about complete and indirect integration. The best possibilities of development both of the main integration forms exist in an agrobusiness. The agrobusiness is the part of the traditional economy and includes all of the elements necessary to the food producing and delivering to consumers.
Cytowanie	Wyrzykowska B. (2004) Rodzaje powiązań integracyjnych w agrobiznesie.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 53: 57-76
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Autor	Tomasz Rokicki
Tytuł	Sytuacja na rynku produktów owczarskich na świecie w latach 1997-2001
Title	The Situation of the World's Sheep Market in the years 1997-2001
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Abstract	Stock of sheep in the world has fallen off insignificantly in the years 1997-2001. Changes took a stand along with changes of stock in production. Production of wool decreased, while production of meet increased. Such a situation was related to the permutation of the use of sheep meat. Changes in production of wool and milk were correlated with changes in stock of sheep.
Cytowanie	Rokicki T. (2004) Sytuacja na rynku produktów owczarskich na świecie w latach 1997-2001.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 52: 113-118
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Autor	Sławomir Juszczyk
Tytuł	Organizacja i wyniki produkcyjno-ekonomiczne gospodarstw mlecznych z następcami
Title	The Organisation and Economical and Production Results in Milk Farms with Successors
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Abstract	The author suggests putting new index- - specialist identification successors. It is a quotient of number or participation of farms with the successors in the given specialization to number or participation farms with successors all in all - in the percentage expression. The research took place in the specialist milk farms of Central Macroregion in the years 1997-2001. The relationship between quantity of direct surplus from milk production in the farm and the index of specialist identification successors in milk production were observed in 2000. The bigger was this surplus, the bigger was the share of successors interested in continuation of milk production after talking over the farm. Moreover it was also observed, that the index of specialist identification successors increased with the increase of the number of cows in the farm. In the period 1997-2001 in the examined milk farms the quantity of the index of specialist identification successors was changing from 72.0% in the year 2001to79.2% in 2000.
Cytowanie	Juszczyk S. (2004) Organizacja i wyniki produkcyjno-ekonomiczne gospodarstw mlecznych z następcami.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 54: 43-50
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Autor	Sławomir Juszczyk
Tytuł	Skala produkcji gospodarstw mlecznych a jej opłacalność
Title	The Scale and the Profitability of Milk Production
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Abstract	In years 1997-2001 in the typical family farms of the Central Macro region with the growth of production scale measured by: numbers of milk cows, milk production per year and commodity value of milk production with coupled production - the profitability of milk production and direct surplus from milk production grew. It is useful to intensify the milk production in those farms. State owned farms had from 42 to 173 milk cows. They achieved the highest direct surplus among the researched farms but average direct profitability fell to 2,41. In spite of taking into consideration the real indirect costs and the depreciation of farms' costs, the achieved profitability still gave the possibility of the growth of direct surplus. It means that a margin cost was higher than an average cost and simultaneously was smaller than purchase price, and that a margin surplus was higher than zero. The increasing of the direct surplus in these farms was possible but connected with a further decreasing of average profitability of milk production. Taking into the consideration the individual measure of the production scale and results received the direct profitability was the most negative correlated with the number of cows in the farm between 1997 and 1999: the index of determination was: 7,19%, 11,04% and 15,05%. Between 2000 and 2001 the direct profitability was the most negative correlated with amount of produced milk, which explained 13,47% and 11,36% changeability of the profitability of the production. The direct surplus in the analysed period was the most correlated with the value of commodity milk production and coupled production. Therefore when one wants to achieve high direct surplus from researched farms one should produce milk of the highest quality and also produce and sell with profit not only calves and defective cows but also farm heifers. In the analysed period the value of milk production and coupled production explained: 62, 30%; 66, 72%; 61, 97%; 90, 21 % and 86, 86% of direct surplus changeability.
Cytowanie	Juszczyk S. (2004) Skala produkcji gospodarstw mlecznych a jej opłacalność.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 53: 143-157
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