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Autor	Grzegorz Biesok, Jolanta Wyród-Wróbel
Tytuł	PROACTIVE PURCHASE BEHAVIOUR AND THEIR RELATIONS IN SIMPLE SATISFACTION MODEL
Title	Proaktywne zachowania zakupowe i ich relacje w prostym modelu satysfakcji
Słowa kluczowe	consumer research, proactive consumer behaviour, satisfaction model, structural equation modelling (SEM)
Key words	badania konsumenckie, proaktywne zachowania zakupowe, model satysfakcji, modelowanie równań strukturalnych (SEM)
Abstrakt	The purpose of the paper was to verify how proactive shopping behaviours, as declared by the respondents, affect the relationship between expectations, perceived quality and customer satisfaction within a simple satisfaction model. The subject of research was supermarket customers. The authors of the article assumed ten proactive shopping behaviours and then built and verified a satisfaction model in the groups of respondents declaring, or not declaring, the given behaviour. The main conclusions resulting from the analysis is that satisfaction with purchases is more determined by the perceived quality in the case of customers who declare frequent purchases of products that improve the standard of living, consistency in purchasing perceived products and rapidity of purchasing decisions.
Abstract	Celem przeprowadzonych badań była chęć weryfikacji czy i w jakim stopniu deklarowane przez respondentów proaktywne zachowania zakupowe wpływają na relacje między oczekiwaniami, postrzeganą jakością a satysfakcją klientów w prostym modelu satysfakcji. Podmiotem badań byli klienci supermarketów. Autorzy artykułu przyjęli dziesięć zachowań, w których może demonstrować się proaktywna postawa zakupowa. Następnie ustalono modele satysfakcji w grupach respondentów deklarujących lub niedeklarujących dane zachowanie. Głównymi wnioskami wynikającym z analiz jest to, że satysfakcja z zakupów w większym stopniu zdeterminowana jest przez postrzeganą jakość w przypadku klientów deklarujących częste kupowanie produktów, które poprawiają poziom życia, konsekwencję w nabywaniu upatrzonych produktów oraz szybkość (niezwłoczność) podejmowanych decyzji zakupowych.
Cytowanie	Biesok G., Wyród-Wróbel J. (2019) PROACTIVE PURCHASE BEHAVIOUR AND THEIR RELATIONS IN SIMPLE SATISFACTION MODEL.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 22(71): 28-37
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2019_n71_s28.pdf

Autor	Wojciech Florkowski, Anna Klepacka
Tytuł	The Wood Pellet Sector: Barriers to Growth and Opinions of Manufacturers in Poland
Title	The Wood Pellet Sector: Barriers to Growth and Opinions of Manufacturers in Poland
Słowa kluczowe	renewable energy, wood pellet stoves, raw material, imports, quality, rural household
Key words	renewable energy, wood pellet stoves, raw material, imports, quality, rural household
Abstrakt	Biomass is a major source of renewable energy in the EU and Poland, stimulating the growth of the wood pellet sector. Wood pellet demand is stimulated by a complex interaction of market forces and policies including EU climate, energy, and environmental regulations, Poland’s program to improve air quality, and subsidies for the replacement of inefficient stoves used by households. This article focuses on the growth of the wood pellet industry, imports and exports in Poland, and wood pellet quality and use by households. The main issues faced by the EU wood pellet sector between 2013 and 2016 are further considered in the context of opinions of Polish wood pellet manufacturers. Industry opinions were collected in response to an open-ended question that probed for the main issues faced by wood pellet producers during the survey implemented by the authors in 2019. Respondents identified difficulties in obtaining raw material for pellet production and poor pellet quality as major problems. Although the majority did not feel concerned about competition from imported wood pellets, a small number of respondents viewed such competition as a problem reflecting the reversal of decreasing imports in 2017. Overall, the domestic wood pellet industry can be expected to grow because of increasing pressure to expand the use of renewable energy and will be driven by the household sector switching to more efficient, wood burning stoves. Additionally, the expanding area of private Polish forests may become a source of much-needed raw material for wood pellet manufacturing.
Abstract	Biomass is a major source of renewable energy in the EU and Poland, stimulating the growth of the wood pellet sector. Wood pellet demand is stimulated by a complex interaction of market forces and policies including EU climate, energy, and environmental regulations, Poland’s program to improve air quality, and subsidies for the replacement of inefficient stoves used by households. This article focuses on the growth of the wood pellet industry, imports and exports in Poland, and wood pellet quality and use by households. The main issues faced by the EU wood pellet sector between 2013 and 2016 are further considered in the context of opinions of Polish wood pellet manufacturers. Industry opinions were collected in response to an open-ended question that probed for the main issues faced by wood pellet producers during the survey implemented by the authors in 2019. Respondents identified difficulties in obtaining raw material for pellet production and poor pellet quality as major problems. Although the majority did not feel concerned about competition from imported wood pellets, a small number of respondents viewed such competition as a problem reflecting the reversal of decreasing imports in 2017. Overall, the domestic wood pellet industry can be expected to grow because of increasing pressure to expand the use of renewable energy and will be driven by the household sector switching to more efficient, wood burning stoves. Additionally, the expanding area of private Polish forests may become a source of much-needed raw material for wood pellet manufacturing.
Cytowanie	Florkowski W., Klepacka A. (2019) The Wood Pellet Sector: Barriers to Growth and Opinions of Manufacturers in Poland.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 4: 9-18
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n4_s9.pdf

Autor	Beata Kolny
Tytuł	Czas poświęcany na obróbkę żywności i przygotowanie posiłku w budżecie czasu ludności
Title	Time Devoted to Food Processing and Preparation of a Meal in the Population Time Budget
Słowa kluczowe	budżet czasu, obróbka żywności, przygotowanie posiłku
Key words	time budget, food processing, meal preparation
Abstrakt	Budżet czasu ludności jest to zestawienie odcinków czasu przewidzianych na realizację czynności życiowych. Wśród tych czynności wyróżnia się obróbkę żywności i przygotowanie posiłku. Celem artykułu jest zdiagnozowanie ilości czasu poświęcanego przez Polaków na wykonanie tych czynności. Temat ten jest istotny ponieważ dotyka każdego człowieka, który zaspokaja potrzebę głodu. Ilość czasu przeznaczonego na analizowane czynności może być podstawowym miernikiem poziomu i jakości życia ludności. Do napisania artykułu wykorzystano dane wtórne prezentowane w publikacji Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego pt.: „Budżet czasu ludności 2013” oraz wyniki badań własnych przeprowadzonych na próbie 300 dorosłych mieszkańców Polski. Z badań wynika, że przeciętny czas poświęcony na obróbkę żywności wynosi 1 godzinę i 10 minut. Przygotowanie śniadania przeciętnie zajmuje 10 minut, obiadu 45 minut i kolacji 15 minut.
Abstract	Population time budget is a juxtaposition of time periods provided for the implementation of life activities. These activities include food processing and meal preparation. The purpose of the article is to diagnose the amount of time spent by Poles on these activities. This topic is important because it affects everyone who satisfies the need for hunger. The amount of time allocated to the activities analyzed can be a basic measure of the level and quality of life of the population. Secondary data presented in the publication of the Central Statistical Office of Poland entitled „Time use survey 2013” and the results of own research conducted on a sample of 300 adult residents of Poland. Research shows that the average time spent on food processing is 1 hour and 10 minutes, preparing breakfast takes 10 minutes on average, lunch 45 minutes and dinner 15 minutes.
Cytowanie	Kolny B. (2019) Czas poświęcany na obróbkę żywności i przygotowanie posiłku w budżecie czasu ludności.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 4: 69-79
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n4_s69.pdf

Autor	Barbara Kiełbasa, Daniela Popa, Aliona Sargo, Mariusz Trojak
Tytuł	New Approaches to Developing the Integral Indicator Methodology for Estimating the Financial Efficiency of Agricultural Entities in Poland, the Republic of Moldova, and EU Countries
Title	New Approaches to Developing the Integral Indicator Methodology for Estimating the Financial Efficiency of Agricultural Entities in Poland, the Republic of Moldova, and EU Countries
Słowa kluczowe	agro-sector, European Union, correlation and regression, financial efficiency, food product, financial economy, productivity & profitability, resource efficiency
Key words	agro-sector, European Union, correlation and regression, financial efficiency, food product, financial economy, productivity & profitability, resource efficiency
Abstrakt	Economic literature pays a great deal of attention to economic and financial efficiency, expressed in terms of competition, concentration, productivity and profitability. This paper provides an all-embracing framework for the various existing theories in this area and illustrates these theories with practical applications. Currently, changing the size of the production potential in agricultural units in the Republic of Moldova depends to a great extent on the influence of different trends in the modification of production resources: the reduction of labor resources and agricultural land, quantitative and qualitative changes in fixed assets, and in current assets, etc.The notion of resource potential means the totality of the volume of all resources (natural, labor, material, intellectual, information, etc.) on specific enterprises, territories, branches, regions. Evaluating a broad field of research, the paper describes profit maximizing food products and demonstrates how several widely-used products can be fit into this framework. The authors also present an overview of the current major trends in the food sector and relate them to the assumptions for food products, thereby displaying their relevance and timeliness. The results include a set of recommendations for future research on this topic.The design, methodology and approach of this research is to explain why efficiency can help obtain a profit surplus, and to measure this efficiency. For quality of methodology we apply a range of statistical methods, as well as the strategic capability of organisations – made up of resources and competences. One way to approach the stategic capability of an organisation is to consider its strengths and weaknesses (for example, where it has a competitive advantage, profit, efficiency or disadvantage). Based on our research and results, we sought to understand the concepts of financial effciency and to apply these concepts to practical situations. At the start of each analysis entrepreneurship plays an important role. Most organisations have to innovate constantly to obtain profit and efficiency for food products. They need to be first into a market, or simply a follower of customers in developing new products and services. Original studies in Moldova and Poland regarding farm concentration in terms of Gini Coefficient, Gini Index and Concentration Index of the utilized agricultural area. Original calculus formula to determine the Concentration Index of the UAA for the top 10% largest farms in Moldova and UK.
Abstract	Economic literature pays a great deal of attention to economic and financial efficiency, expressed in terms of competition, concentration, productivity and profitability. This paper provides an all-embracing framework for the various existing theories in this area and illustrates these theories with practical applications. Currently, changing the size of the production potential in agricultural units in the Republic of Moldova depends to a great extent on the influence of different trends in the modification of production resources: the reduction of labor resources and agricultural land, quantitative and qualitative changes in fixed assets, and in current assets, etc.The notion of resource potential means the totality of the volume of all resources (natural, labor, material, intellectual, information, etc.) on specific enterprises, territories, branches, regions. Evaluating a broad field of research, the paper describes profit maximizing food products and demonstrates how several widely-used products can be fit into this framework. The authors also present an overview of the current major trends in the food sector and relate them to the assumptions for food products, thereby displaying their relevance and timeliness. The results include a set of recommendations for future research on this topic.The design, methodology and approach of this research is to explain why efficiency can help obtain a profit surplus, and to measure this efficiency. For quality of methodology we apply a range of statistical methods, as well as the strategic capability of organisations – made up of resources and competences. One way to approach the stategic capability of an organisation is to consider its strengths and weaknesses (for example, where it has a competitive advantage, profit, efficiency or disadvantage). Based on our research and results, we sought to understand the concepts of financial effciency and to apply these concepts to practical situations. At the start of each analysis entrepreneurship plays an important role. Most organisations have to innovate constantly to obtain profit and efficiency for food products. They need to be first into a market, or simply a follower of customers in developing new products and services. Original studies in Moldova and Poland regarding farm concentration in terms of Gini Coefficient, Gini Index and Concentration Index of the utilized agricultural area. Original calculus formula to determine the Concentration Index of the UAA for the top 10% largest farms in Moldova and UK.
Cytowanie	Kiełbasa B., Popa D., Sargo A., Trojak M. (2019) New Approaches to Developing the Integral Indicator Methodology for Estimating the Financial Efficiency of Agricultural Entities in Poland, the Republic of Moldova, and EU Countries.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 4: 103-112
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n4_s103.pdf

Autor	Tetiana Balanovska, Natalia Drahnieva, Alina Troian
Tytuł	USING OF FUZZY MODELLING IN ANTI-CRISIS MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
Title
Słowa kluczowe	anti-crisis management, agricultural enterprise, quality, products, fuzzy logic, fuzzy modelling
Key words
Abstrakt	The article systematizes the different views of scientists in relation to the anti-crisis management of enterprisesand emphasizes the importance of its use in enterprises. There was noted the necessity to introducethe perspective directions of economic activity of the enterprise, forming its image, ensuring competitiveness,profitability, and development. In order to make effective management decisions under uncertaindynamic environment, it is suggested to use fuzzy modelling for the prevention of the crisis occurrence.In order to present the possibility of using such an approach in the practical activity of agricultural enterprises,in particular which are engaged in dairy farming, we proposed an informational and logical modelfor determining the forecast average price of milk, taking into account the indicators of its quality, thatis based on the theory of fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic. In the context of anti-crisis management, there wassubstantiated the possibility of using the proposed model, as a basic one, in any agricultural enterprise inorder to improve its activities.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Balanovska T., Drahnieva N., Troian A.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2019_n3_s22.pdf

Autor	Tadeusz Filipiak, Mariusz Maciejczak
Tytuł	WORK PRODUCTIVITY IN WINE FARMS IN SELECTED COUNTRIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
Title
Słowa kluczowe	work productivity, wine farms, FADN, European Union
Key words
Abstrakt	In the European Union, one of the industries which is of great economic and market importance and accordinglyis to a large extent dependent on quantity and quality of labour resources is viticulture and wine production.The main objective of the research was to determine the productivity of work in wine farms in selectedEU countries in the years 2004–2017. It was found that there was an increase in labour productivity in winefarms in almost all countries selected for research. The largest increase was recorded for Czech, Portugueseand Bulgarian farms. Nevertheless, the highest productivity of work was characteristic for French, German,Austrian and Italian farms. Additionally together with the increase in the economic size of wine farms, theproductivity of work increased too.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Filipiak T., Maciejczak M.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2019_n3_s76.pdf

Autor	Elżbieta Goryńska-Goldmann
Tytuł	Geneza i pojęcie żywności lokalnej w powiązaniu z ideą zrównoważonejkonsumpcji
Title	Genesis and the term of local food in relation to the idea of sustainable consumption
Słowa kluczowe	geneza, pojęcie, produkt lokalny, żywność lokalna, zrównoważona konsumpcja
Key words	genesis, concept, local product, local food, sustainable consumption
Abstrakt	W opracowaniu dokonano przeglądu aparatu pojęciowego i genezy żywności lokalnej, na podstawie przeglądu definicji z uwzględnieniem regulacji prawnych, potocznych sposobów jej ujmowania i prac badawczych, prowadzonych przez ośrodki naukowe i różne instytucje – krajowe i zagraniczne – i na tej podstawie zaprezentowano własną propozycję. Celem artykułu było przedstawienie genezy i pojęcia żywności lokalnej w kontekście zrównoważonej konsumpcji. Prowadząc analizę, dokonano przeglądu literatury przedmiotu, a wynikające z niego ustalenia udokumentowano dostępnymi informacjami statystycznymi i rynkowymi. Badania wykazały, że instytucje publiczne dostrzegają potencjał żywności lokalnej i upatrują w niej możliwość pobudzania rozwoju obszarów wiejskich Unii Europejskiej. Żywność lokalna stanowi alternatywny nurt w podejściu do sposobu, w jaki konsumpcja żywności może być przekształcona na rzecz jej równoważenia. Świadomi i odpowiedzialni konsumenci rozpoznający własne ograniczenia, ceniący tradycję, stanowią o nowej jakości w społeczeństwie (będąc specyficzną formą kapitału społecznego), co przekłada się na większe możliwości produkcyjne żywności lokalnej i stanowi podstawę do dalszego rozwoju zrównoważonej konsumpcji.
Abstract	This paper reviews the conceptual apparatus and the genesis of local food, on the basis of definitions and with respect to legal conditions, as well as the popular ways of interpretation of local food and scientific research performed by different centers and institutions – both domestic and foreign. On the basis of that, the paper presents the author’s own proposition concerning the abovementioned issue. The aim of the paper is to present the genesis and the definition of local food in the perspective of sustainable consumption. While conducting the research, the scientific literature concerning the subject was reviewed, and the findings were documented with available statistical and market information. The research showed that public institutions see the potential of local food and hope that it can drive the development of rural areas in the European Union. Local food is an alternative approach to the way in which food consumption can be turned into a sustainable one. Informed and responsible consumers, who are aware of their own limitations and value tradition, provide some new quality to the society (as they constitute a specific form of social capital), what translates into bigger local food production possibilities and is the basis for the further development of sustainable consumption.
Cytowanie	Goryńska-Goldmann E.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n11_s23.pdf

Autor	Tetiana Baklytska, Olena Bohdaniuk
Tytuł	Competitivness and prospects for development of berry production in Ukraine
Title
Słowa kluczowe	Ukraine, berries, prospects of development, competitiveness, export, organic production
Key words
Abstrakt	The demand for raspberries and blackberries has risen sharply in Europe and North America in recent years. Ukraine is almost one third of the world’s black earth, a favorable climate for growing vegetables, fruits and berries, as well as a good ratio of daytime and nighttime temperatures and optimal length of sunny day. Therefore, the authors consider that Ukraine could become a reliable supplier of berries in Europe and America. Berries will not give the same high gross production as cereals. But these products are perspective in terms of processing, value added and profitability for the manufacturer. Considering the strategic importance of growing berries in Ukraine the subject of the research is to study the competitiveness and prospects for production of berries in Ukraine. The conducted assessment of the status and prospects of growing berries shows that Ukraine has been steadily producing within the range of 130-135 thousand tons of berries in recent years. Due to the fact that the products of private households and horticultural societies are not actually taxed, they have significant competitive advantages over agricultural enterprises, which is one of the reasons for the curtailment of industrial horticulture in Ukraine. But, on the other hand, they are inferior to large enterprises because of not failing to implement sanitary, technical standards, certification etc. In order to ensure the competitiveness of domestic producers in the external market, berry producers need to be more actively involved in the process of improving product quality, since in Ukraine only five agribusinesses have a Global GAP certificate, which is a minimum condition for access to the EU market. According to the results of the study, the authors consider organic production of berries as another perspective direction for the development of domestic berries.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Baklytska T., Bohdaniuk O.
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Pełny tekst	TIRR_2019_n12_s15.pdf

Autor	Izabella Bakos, Anikó Khademi-Vidra
Tytuł	Alternative Local Food Shopping Communities in Hungary
Title	Alternative Local Food Shopping Communities in Hungary
Słowa kluczowe	local food, consumer communities, food consumer behaviour, questionnaire study, cluster analysis
Key words	local food, consumer communities, food consumer behaviour, questionnaire study, cluster analysis
Abstrakt	As a result of concerns about the long-term sustainability of globalized retail trade and the stronger presence of health conscious consumer behaviour, governments and groups of conscious consumers worldwide are increasingly focusing on the promotion and development of local food systems and small-scale retail chains and the production of quality local food products to promote the market. In our paper, we would like to give an overview of community-led alternative types of local food systems, with particular attention to shopping community-type consumer and consumer communities. We also describe the main results of our primary research in the population and the shopping community. During the questionnaire we revealed general consumer behaviour and the demand and attitude of local food, the popularity of the customer communities in the settlement of the respondents. In the survey conducted among members of the consumer community, we looked at the analytical areas designated as a target in the population questionnaire for the purpose of comparability and our aim was to explore the sociometrics and lifestyles of communities as well as their community experiences and possible developments. Our hypothesis is that there is a close correlation between the respondents with higher education and income and the preferences of local food. Furthermore, it is assumed that there is a significant difference between the food consumption behaviors of the two samples examined.
Abstract	As a result of concerns about the long-term sustainability of globalized retail trade and the stronger presence of health conscious consumer behaviour, governments and groups of conscious consumers worldwide are increasingly focusing on the promotion and development of local food systems and small-scale retail chains and the production of quality local food products to promote the market. In our paper, we would like to give an overview of community-led alternative types of local food systems, with particular attention to shopping community-type consumer and consumer communities. We also describe the main results of our primary research in the population and the shopping community. During the questionnaire we revealed general consumer behaviour and the demand and attitude of local food, the popularity of the customer communities in the settlement of the respondents. In the survey conducted among members of the consumer community, we looked at the analytical areas designated as a target in the population questionnaire for the purpose of comparability and our aim was to explore the sociometrics and lifestyles of communities as well as their community experiences and possible developments. Our hypothesis is that there is a close correlation between the respondents with higher education and income and the preferences of local food. Furthermore, it is assumed that there is a significant difference between the food consumption behaviors of the two samples examined.
Cytowanie	Bakos I., Khademi-Vidra A. (2019) Alternative Local Food Shopping Communities in Hungary.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 2: 7-21
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n2_s7.pdf

Autor	Piotr Dubicki, Piotr Kułyk
Tytuł	Uwarunkowania zachowań konsumentów na rynku żywności ekologicznej
Title	Determinants of Consumer Behavior on the Organic Food Market
Słowa kluczowe	świadomość ekologiczna, żywność ekologiczna, zachowania konsumentów
Key words	the ecological awareness, organic food, consumer behaviour
Abstrakt	Poznanie zmieniających się potrzeb konsumentów jest ważnym elementem budowania przewagi konkurencyjnej przedsiębiorstwa. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie zachowań konsumentów na lokalnym rynku produktów ekologicznych. W artykule przedstawiono zagadnienia związane z rynkiem żywności ekologicznej. Zdefiniowano i scharakteryzowano pojęcie produktu ekologicznego, omówiono kontrolę i certyfikację produkcji ekologicznej oraz czynniki wpływające na jakość żywności i popyt na produkty ekologiczne. Przeprowadzono badanie ankietowe na rynku lokalnym mające na celu scharakteryzowanie uwarunkowań zachowań konsumentów na rynku żywności ekologicznej. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań ankietowych i analizy danych statystycznych można zauważyć, że współczesny konsument jest świadomy tego co kupuje. Jakość i skład produktu to najważniejsze czynniki, które wpływają na podejmowane przez nich decyzję. Konsumenci coraz częściej rezygnują z konsumpcji żywności tradycyjnej na korzyść produktów ekologicznych.
Abstract	Understanding the changing needs of consumers is an important element of building a competitive advantage of the company. The aim of the article is to present consumer behavior on the local market of organic products. The article presents issues related to the organic food market. The concept of organic product was defined and characterized, control and certification of organic production as well as factors affecting food quality and demand for organic products were discussed. In addition, a survey was conducted on the local market to show the determinants of consumer behaviour on the organic food market. Based on the surveys carried out and the analysis of statistical data, it can be seen that the modern consumer is aware of what he is buying. The quality and composition of the product are the most important factors that influence the decision they make. Consumers are increasingly giving up the consumption of traditional food in favor of organic products.
Cytowanie	Dubicki P., Kułyk P. (2019) Uwarunkowania zachowań konsumentów na rynku żywności ekologicznej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 1: 79-87
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n1_s79.pdf

Autor	Natalia Bezat, Sebastian Jarzębowski
Tytuł	Innovative Tools and Techniques as a Factor Supporting Small and Medium Enterprises in the Agri-Food Sector
Title	Innovative Tools and Techniques as a Factor Supporting Small and Medium Enterprises in the Agri-Food Sector
Słowa kluczowe	agri-food sector, innovations, quality management, mechatronics, packaging design
Key words	agri-food sector, innovations, quality management, mechatronics, packaging design
Abstrakt	The goal of the paper was to focus on the agri-food sector from a perspective of innovation. In the article, the current situation related to innovative tools and techniques identified in the agri-food sector was presented. The attention was focused on the benefits resulting from the application of innovative solutions in three areas: food safety, mechatronics, and packaging design. The empirical part of the paper includes a description and a summary of case studies on innovations implementations conducted within the framework of the Interreg I-CON project.
Abstract	The goal of the paper was to focus on the agri-food sector from a perspective of innovation. In the article, the current situation related to innovative tools and techniques identified in the agri-food sector was presented. The attention was focused on the benefits resulting from the application of innovative solutions in three areas: food safety, mechatronics, and packaging design. The empirical part of the paper includes a description and a summary of case studies on innovations implementations conducted within the framework of the Interreg I-CON project.
Cytowanie	Bezat N., Jarzębowski S. (2018) Innovative Tools and Techniques as a Factor Supporting Small and Medium Enterprises in the Agri-Food Sector.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 18(33), z. 4: 192-198
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2018_T18(33)_n4_s192.pdf

Autor	Katarzyna Czech
Tytuł	DUTCH DISEASE IN OIL-EXPORTING COUNTRIES: A SURVEY OF THEORY AND EVIDENCE
Title
Słowa kluczowe	Natural resource curse, Dutch disease, oil market
Key words
Abstrakt	Dutch disease phenomenon can be observed in a country that discovers an important and substantial natural resource deposit and starts exporting it on a large scale. In consequence, the country’s currency appreciates reducing competitiveness of its traditional export sector, including agricultural sector. The Dutch disease is considered to be one of the most significant reasons for the natural resource curse. The aim of the paper is to consolidate a growing literature on the Dutch disease and to provide theoretical framework for analysing this phenomenon. It refers to both developed and developing oil-exporting countries. The paper stresses the fact that the vulnerability to the Dutch disease depends strongly on economic policy, political regime and quality of institutions.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Czech K.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s252.pdf

Autor	Romana Głowicka-Wołoszyn, Andrzej Wołoszyn, Feliks Wysocki
Tytuł	QUALITY OF LIFE IN POLISH FARMERS’ HOUSEHOLDS ASSESSMENT WITH TOPSIS METHOD
Title
Słowa kluczowe	quality of life, class typology, TOPSIS, farmers’ households
Key words
Abstrakt	The aim of the research was a multidimensional assessment of the quality of life in farmers’ households along with its synthetic measure and a typology of household classes, rendered by the measure. The 2015 data on 730 farmers’ households were used to analyse their quality of life in nine dimensions: material living conditions, employment, health, education, leisure and social relations, economic and physical security, civic participation, environmental quality, and the subjective assessment of well-being. Due to concomitance of features measured on metric and non-metric scales, generalized distance measure (GDM) was applied as part of the TOPSIS method to determine the distance of objects from the model values. The study drew on microdata from the Social Diagnosis survey conducted in 2015 by the Council for Social Monitoring, and employed clusterSim R-package for calculations.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Głowicka-Wołoszyn R., Wołoszyn A., Wysocki F.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s257.pdf

Autor	Tsvihun Inna
Tytuł	SOCIAL-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL TERRITORIES OF POLAND AND UKRAINE
Title
Słowa kluczowe	rural areas, depopulation, birth rate, mortality, population structure, aging
Key words
Abstrakt	Rural areas are an important component of the national economy and perform the following functions: efficient and competitive production; rational saving and protection of natural resources; assistance to rural population expanded reproduction; insurance of employment, proper level and quality of life as well as the revival of historical and the formation of new cultural traditions. The aim of the study is to assess the sociodemographic development of rural areas of the Ukraine and Poland and to identify common and distinctive features of their development. In order to assess the level of rural area development, the following indicators were used: rural population size and structure, fertility, mortality and expected life expectancy of the rural population. The aim of the study is to assess trends in the development of demographic processes and to develop proposals for the sustainable development of Ukrainian rural areas, taking into account the experience of Poland.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Inna T.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s294.pdf

Autor	Sebastian Jarzebowski
Tytuł	ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE OF SHORT SUPPLY CHAINS
Title
Słowa kluczowe	short food supply chain, supply chain management, sustainable development
Key words
Abstrakt	Within the framework of the paper, the author introduces issues connected to short food supply chains. There are many different forms of short food supply chains (SFSC), but they share a common characteristic of reduced numbers of intermediaries between the farmer or food producer, and the consumer. The growing interest in SFSCs is shown in the paper – this reflects mainly the consumer demand for quality and traceability, given the alarming health crises in food markets. From a customers’ point of view, SFSCs transfer more complete information about the origin of the food and, for producers, SFSCs retain a higher share of added value. The overview on the impact of short supply chains is provided in the paper. The results of the analysis show that the supply chain may have some beneficial economic effects. It is noticed that the SFSCs have potential to increase farm value added (profit allocation), promote sustainable farming systems, diversify production and contribute to local economic development.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Jarzebowski S.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s360.pdf

Autor	Bożena Freund
Tytuł	INFLUENCE OF COMMUNICATION OF MEDICAL PERSONNEL WITH PATIENTS ON HEALTH CARE UNITS MANAGEMENT PROCESSES
Title
Słowa kluczowe	communication, health care, patients, medical personnel, management
Key words
Abstrakt	A health care is characterised of creating an individual, specific relation between representatives of health care units and patients, which means that not only medical staff professionalism but also an empathetic attitude towards patients are important questions. Literature regarding the issue of communication with patients is growing, there are as well workshops in an effective communication, nevertheless the topic is still of minor importance. Meanwhile, relations between medical personnel and patients may put a major impact on the quality of health care as well as patients satisfaction with medical services, what is important from a management point of view. A proper way of patients’ treatment by medical personnel may result not only in better attitude towards therapy, but also it may influence a more efficient management of health care facilities, as patient satisfied with medical services may recommend an organisation, which may have a positive impact on an institution’s image, allowing a manager to focus on more important aspects of an institution management. For the above reasons it is important to get to know medical personnel’s attitude to developing as well as improving communication skills in order to provide a holistic patients care, what can significantly influence a health care units management. Medical staff communication skills are important not only from a treatment perspective, but they can also be significant from the perspective of health care organisations management. The study material was gathered in the first quarter of 2014. In the final analysis questionnaires from 113 representatives of various medical professions were taken into consideration. The study results show that in the process of medical professionals education there is only a little attention paid to acquiring communication skills regarding communication between a patient and medical personnel. Also, the hypothesis according to which medical personnel is satisfied with communication with patients was confirmed. Furthermore, medical staff agree in stating that they care for a proper communication with patients. Conclusions coming from the study results may define a specific way of health care units management, which should comprise, among others, financial resources for trainings in medical personnel soft skills improvement.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Freund B.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2018_n1_s5.pdf

Autor	Małgorzata Raczkowska, Joanna Wrzesińska-Kowal
Tytuł	Nierówności i ubóstwo ekonomiczne na obszarach wiejskich w Polsce
Title	INEQUALITY AND ECONOMIC POVERTY IN RURAL AREAS OF POLAND
Słowa kluczowe	dochód, nierówności dochodowe, ubóstwo, obszary wiejskie
Key words	income, income inequality, poverty, rural areas
Abstrakt	Celem badań było przedstawienie problemów zagadnienia nierówności i ubóstwa ekonomicznego na obszarach wiejskich w Polsce w latach 2010-2016. Przyjęto hipotezę badawczą zakładającą, iż wysoki poziom nierówności dochodowych prowadzi do wysokiego poziomu ubóstwa relatywnego. Wyniki badań pokazały, iż pomiędzy nierównościami dochodowymi mierzonymi współczynnikiem Giniego a ubóstwem relatywnym na obszarach wiejskich istnieje silna dodatnia zależność. Nie zaobserwowano natomiast żadnego związku pomiędzy zmiennymi dla grupy zawodowej rolników. Można zatem przyjąć, że wzrost nierówności dochodowych na obszarach wiejskich powoduje wzrost ubóstwa relatywnego, ale zależność ta nie dotyczyła ludności, której głównym źródłem utrzymania było gospodarstwo rolne.
Abstract	The aim of the paper was to present the level of disparities and economic poverty in rural areas of Poland in the period 2010-2016. The adopted research assumption was that a high level of income inequality led to a high level of relative poverty. The research was based on the analysis and synthesis of literature and secondary statistical data from the Central Statistical Office. In the theoretical part, the author presented an overview of inequality and poverty definitions. The research part used descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. The obtained results demonstrate that there is a strong positive correlation between income inequality measured using the Gini index and relative poverty in rural areas. No correlation between variables for the professional group of farmers was observed. It can be thus assumed that an increase in income inequality in rural areas leads to an increase in relative poverty, however this correlation does not apply to households, where the main source of income is agriculture.
Cytowanie	Raczkowska M., Wrzesińska-Kowal J. (2018) Nierówności i ubóstwo ekonomiczne na obszarach wiejskich w Polsce.Roczniki Naukowe Ekonomii Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich, t. 105, z. 1: 7-17
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Pełny tekst	RNR_2018_n1_s7.pdf

Autor	Anna Mazurkiewicz-Pizło, Wojciech Pizło
Tytuł	Tajemniczy klient jako metoda badawcza – wybrane problemy
Title	MYSTERY SHOPPING AS THE RESEARCH METHOD – SELECTED PROBLEMS
Słowa kluczowe	metody badawcze, fenomenologia, pozytywizm, obserwacja uczestnicząca, badania marketingowe, konsument, usługi, mystery shopper, E. Husserl, A. Comte
Key words
Abstrakt	Specyfika usług implikuje konieczność monitorowania ich jakości. Stale poszukiwane są metody oceny usług nieangażujące konsumentów. Jedną z nich jest metoda tajemniczego klienta. Celem publikacji jest diagnoza procedur stosowanych w badaniach marketingowych, a w szczególności wykorzystanie metody tajemniczego klienta w której ocena jest prowadzona przez zespół osób. Dla sprawdzenia tego podejścia zastosowano ocenę jakości usług gastronomicznych w wybranych placówkach sieci restauracji, takich jak: Pizza Hut, Pizzeria Da Grasso, Bobby Burger i Bierhalle. Innowacją w badaniu było wykorzystanie grupowej oceny usługi. Przyjęta metodyka pozwoliła na przeprowadzenie badania w zbliżonych do rzeczywistych warunków, gdyż zwykle ludzie idą do restauracji w kilka osób. Budowanie zespołów, które wspólnie oceniałyby jakość usług, daje również możliwość redukcji zróżnicowanej percepcji i różnych doświadczeń osób uczestniczących w badaniu.
Abstract	The specificity of services implies the need to monitor their quality. Methods for assessing non-consumer services are constantly sought after. The mystery client method is one of them. The purpose of this publication is to diagnose the procedures used in marketing research, and in particular to use the mysterious client method in which the assessment is conducted by a team of people. To verify this approach, the quality assessment of gastronomic services was used in selected restaurant chains, such as Pizza Hut, Pizzeria Da Grasso, Bobby Burger and Bierhalle. The innovation in the study was the use of group to evaluate services. The adopted methodology allowed to conduct the study in close to real conditions, because usually people go to a restaurant together. Building teams that would jointly assess the quality of services gives also the opportunity to reduce the diversification in perception and different experiences of people participating in the study.
Cytowanie	Mazurkiewicz-Pizło A., Pizło W. (2018) Tajemniczy klient jako metoda badawcza – wybrane problemy.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 20(69): 112-126
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2018_n69_s112.pdf

Autor	Maria Grzelak, Elżbieta Roszko-Wójtowicz
Tytuł	Wielowymiarowe ujęcie zróżnicowania poziomu jakości życia w województwach w Polsce
Title	A MULTIVARIATE APPROACH TO THE DIFFERENTIATION IN THE LEVEL OF QUALITY OF LIFE IN POLAND’S VOIVODSHIPS
Słowa kluczowe	jakość życia, porządkowanie liniowe, zróżnicowanie, metoda współczynników korelacji cząstkowej
Key words	quality of life, linear ordering, differentiation, method of partial correlation coefficients
Abstrakt	Jakości życia wyrażana jest nie tylko poprzez konsumpcję dóbr materialnych i usług, ale przede wszystkim przez możliwość zaspokojenia potrzeb związanych np. ze stanem środowiska naturalnego, rodzajem i postacią więzi międzyludzkich, godnością i poszanowaniem praw człowieka, a także ilością i jakością wolnego czasu oraz samorealizacją. Rozległy wachlarz problemów i zjawisk pozostających w bezpośredniej relacji z jakością życia, sprawa, że jej pomiar jest zagadnieniem trudnym i cieszącym się niesłabnącym zainteresowaniem badaczy. Celem artykułu jest wielocechowa ocena jakości życia w województwach w Polsce z uwzględnieniem szczegółowego omówienia pomiarów jednowymiarowych i zmian w czasie. W wyniku przeprowadzonych analiz wykazano, że wyodrębniony zestaw zmiennych charakteryzuje się relatywną stabilnością w czasie. Ranking województw w roku 2016 nie odbiegał znacząco od rankingu przygotowanego dla roku 2010. Daje to podstawę aby sądzić, że wybrane zmienne można uznać, za kluczowych reprezentantów poszczególnych kategorii opisujących jakość życia.
Abstract	Quality of life is expressed not only through the consumption of material goods and services but above all by the ability to meet needs related to, for example, the state of the natural environment, the type and form of interpersonal relationships, dignity and respect for human rights, as well as the quantity and quality of free time and self-fulfilment. An extensive range of issues and phenomena that remain in direct relation to quality of life means that its measurement is a difficult problem and arouses the unflagging interest of researchers. The aim of the paper is a multivariate assessment of the quality of life in Poland’s voivodships, including a detailed discussion of univariate measurements and changes over time. The conducted analyses indicate that the selected set of variables is characterised by relative stability over time. The ranking of the voivodships in 2016 did not differ significantly from the ranking prepared for 2010. This gives grounds to believe that the selected variables can be considered as key representatives of individual categories describing quality of life.
Cytowanie	Grzelak M., Roszko-Wójtowicz E. (2018) Wielowymiarowe ujęcie zróżnicowania poziomu jakości życia w województwach w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 20(69): 197-214
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2018_n69_s197.pdf

Autor	Joanna Średzińska
Tytuł	Zróżnicowanie poziomu dochodów rolników w gospodarstwach z różnych klas wielkości ekonomicznej w krajach Unii Europejskiej
Title	DIVERSIFICATION OF THE LEVEL OF FARMERS’ INCOME IN FARMS OF DIFFERENT ECONOMIC SIZE CLASSES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES
Słowa kluczowe	dochód z rodzinnego gospodarstwa rolnego, nierówności dochodowe, klasa wielkości ekonomicznej, FADN
Key words	farm net income, income inequality, economic size class, FADN
Abstrakt	Celem badań było określenie zróżnicowania dochodów uzyskiwanych przez rolników w gospodarstwach rolnych krajów UE z różnych klas wielkości ekonomicznej. Wykorzystano bazę FADN. Analizy wykonano w większości dla roku 2015. Część wyników porównano z danymi z roku 2004. Badaną zmienną był dochód z rodzinnego gospodarstwa rolnego na pełnozatrudnionego członka rodziny. Wykonano analizę wariancji (test rang Kruskala-Wallisa) oraz analizę post-hoc wartości p dla porównań wielokrotnych. Obliczono wskaźnik zróżnicowania decylowego oraz współczynnik Giniego. Zauważono, że wielkość ekonomiczna wpływa na dochodowość pracy własnej, szczególnie w gospodarstwach większych ekonomicznie. Zaobserwowano także, że stopień nierówności dochodowych w poszczególnych klasach wielkości jest różny. W niektórych klasach wielkości ekonomicznej odnotowano pogłębianie się nierówności dochodowych.
Abstract	The aim of the study was to determine the diversification of income obtained by farmers in the EU countries’ farms from different economic size classes. The FADN database was used. Most of the analyzes were performed for 2015. Some of the results were compared with the data from 2004. The variable under analysis was income from a family farm per family work unit. A variance analysis (Kruskal-Wallis rank test) and post-hoc analysis of p values for multiple comparisons were performed. The income decile ratio and the Gini coefficient were calculated. It was noted that the economic size affects the profitability of own work, especially in economically larger farms. It was also observed that the degree of income inequalities in respective size classes is different. In some economic size classes a deepening of income inequalities was noticed.
Cytowanie	Średzińska J. (2018) Zróżnicowanie poziomu dochodów rolników w gospodarstwach z różnych klas wielkości ekonomicznej w krajach Unii Europejskiej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 20(69): 215-223
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2018_n69_s215.pdf