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Autor	Justyna Barczyk-Ciuła, Marcin Nogieć, Wojciech Sroka, Tomasz Wojewodzic
Tytuł	Pozarolnicza działalność gospodarcza w gminach położonych w zasięgu oddziaływania Krakowskiego Obszaru Metropolitalnego
Title	NON-AGRICULTURAL BUSINESS ACTIVITIES IN GMINAS LOCATED WITHIN RANGE OF IMPACT OF KRAKÓW METROPOLITAN AREA
Słowa kluczowe	Krakowski Obszar Metropolitalny, przedsiębiorczość, teoria lokalizacji
Key words	Kraków Metropolitan Area, entrepreneurship, location theory
Abstrakt	Identyfikacja czynników sprzyjających rozwojowi gospodarczemu należy do najważniejszych zadań ekonomii. Głównym celem opracowania było określenie zależności pomiędzy wybranymi cechami lokalizacji i polityki podatkowej prowadzonej przez organy samorządu terytorialnego a natężeniem przedsiębiorczości w gminach pozostających w strefie oddziaływania Krakowskiego Obszaru Metropolitalnego (KOM). Przeprowadzone analizy wykazały, że w okresie 1995-2016 szybciej zwiększała się liczba podmiotów gospodarczych w gminach bezpośrednio graniczących z Krakowem niż w jednostkach od niego oddalonych. Jednocześnie gminy zlokalizowane korzystniej względem regionalnego centrum gospodarczego prowadziły bardziej restrykcyjną politykę podatkową, dążąc do przejęcia w formie podatków lokalnych części renty lokalizacyjnej realizowanej przez przedsiębiorców.
Abstract	One of economics’ major tasks is the identification of factors that facilitate economic growth. The main purpose of the study was to determine interrelations between selected features of a location, a tax policy implemented by territorial self-government authorities and the intensity of entrepreneurship in gminas [communes] within the range of impact of the Kraków Metropolitan Area (KMA). Based on the analyses which were conducted, in 1995-2016 the number of business entities in gminas bordering directly on Kraków increased faster compared to those located farther away. Reasons for such status quo include the increasing absorptive power of local markets within areas where population density has been increasing as well as migration of entrepreneurs from the core of the KMA to suburban gminas which have improved connections with Kraków. Concurrently, the gminas with more advantageous locations relative to the regional economic center implemented a more restrictive tax policy and aimed to take over, in the form of local taxes, a part of entrepreneurs’ location rent.
Cytowanie	Barczyk-Ciuła J., Nogieć M., Sroka W., Wojewodzic T. (2018) Pozarolnicza działalność gospodarcza w gminach położonych w zasięgu oddziaływania Krakowskiego Obszaru Metropolitalnego.Roczniki Naukowe Ekonomii Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich, t. 105, z. 1: 47-57
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Pełny tekst	RNR_2018_n1_s47.pdf

Autor	Paweł Pięta
Tytuł	DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL CAPITAL BY STRENGTHENING OF DIGITAL COMPETENCES AMONG GROUPS EXPOSED TO SOCIAL EXCLUSION
Title
Słowa kluczowe	social capital, key competences, digital competences, digital exclusion, Łowicki county
Key words
Abstrakt	Competitive advantage in the professional market is shaped by the competences possessed, i.e. skills, qualifications, and permissions. One of the eight types of key competences mentioned in the European Union documents is digital competence.It is a collection of knowledge, skills, and rudiments necessary for both, the purposeful point of view and active participation of a given person in social life. The low level of digital competences possessed is particularly visible among groups at risk of digital exclusion, in particular among people living in rural areas, the elderly and people with low education. The difference between people who have access to a computer and the Internet and people who do not have the possibility to use these devices is affected by the dynamic development of information and communication technologies. Digital exclusion is not only the lack of access to the appropriate infrastructure but also the lack of computer and Internet skills. In order to counteract the exclusion of these groups, activities aimed at developing social capital by strengthening digital competences play an important role.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Pięta P.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2018_n1_s73.pdf

Autor	Mariusz Grębowiec
Tytuł	Rola współczesnych innowacji sektora owoców i warzyw w procesie postrzegania i podejmowania decyzji nabywczych przez konsumentów
Title	THE ROLE MODERN INNOVATIONS IN THE FRUIT AND VEGETABLE SECTOR I THE PROCESS OF PERCEIVING AND PURCHASING DECISUIONS BY CONSUMERS
Słowa kluczowe	innowacja, rynek, konsument, owoce i warzywa, innowacyjne produkty żywnościowe
Key words	innovation, market, consumer, fruit and vegetables, innovative food products
Abstrakt	W artykule dokonano próby oceny innowacyjności sektora owoców i warzyw w opinii polskich konsumentów. Bazując na dostępnej literaturze, artykułach i czasopismach branżowych oraz informacjach opublikowanych na stronach internetowych scharakteryzowano zmiany na polskim rynku owoców i warzyw, innowacyjność sektora owoców i warzyw, rodzaje innowacji związanych z nowymi technologiami i procesami oraz z nowymi metodami marketingowymi i organizacyjnymi, a także wskazano trendy i bariery nabywcze konsumentów w sektorze owocowo-warzywnym. Dla pełnego zobrazowania stopnia znajomości i rozpoznawalności wybranych innowacji oraz stosunku do tego typu produktów konsumenta przeprowadzono badania ankietowe.
Abstract	Fashion, health and convenience shape today's consumer market in innovation. The knowledge of the consumer is the key to the success of the company. The aim of the study was to evaluate the innovativeness of the fruit and vegetable sector in Poland in the opinion of Polish consumers. Based on the available literature, articles and professional journals and the information published on websites characterized by changes in the Polish market in fruit and vegetables, innovative fruit and vegetable sector, types of innovation related to new technologies and processes, and new methods of marketing and organizational and also described trends and consumer barriers in the fruit and vegetable sector. For a full presentation of the degree of knowledge and recognition of selected innovations and the relation to this type of products of the consumer survey was conducted.
Cytowanie	Grębowiec M. (2018) Rola współczesnych innowacji sektora owoców i warzyw w procesie postrzegania i podejmowania decyzji nabywczych przez konsumentów.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 20(69): 60-71
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2018_n69_s60.pdf

Autor	Anna Roth, Tomasz Zawadzki
Tytuł	INSTAGRAM AS A TOOL FOR PROMOTING SUPERFOOD PRODUCTS
Title
Słowa kluczowe	superfood, instagram, online communication, social selling
Key words
Abstrakt	Social media, Instagram included, are more and more often used by enterprises to promote their own products. Year by year there has been an increase in the rate of the use of the analysed channels of marketing, which seem to be one of the most basic forms of spreading information about their products for enterprises active in the field of superfood products. Superfoods are products containing elements characterised by a wealth of nutritional values, e.g. chia seeds or goji berries. The article presents a short characteristic of social media and defines the eponymous superfood category. The research section of the publication analyses the Instagram activity of three Polish producers of food containing superfood elements, namely Chias – a snack producer, ZmianyZmiany – a producer of plant bars, and PowerWaters – a producer of water with caffeine. The current state of affairs with respect to Instagram profiles of the three discussed brands are studied comprehensively and several applicable recommendations are presented. The research also touches upon the issue of improving customer engagement levels as well as the issue of barter exchange as a way to increase sales and brand awareness in the virtual world.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Roth A., Zawadzki T.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2018_n1_s101.pdf

Autor	Justyna Kaźmierczak, Artur Łabuz
Tytuł	MULTI-LEVEL MARKETING. FEATURES AND CONTROVERSY
Title
Słowa kluczowe	marketing, network of connections, commission system, business model.
Key words
Abstrakt	Multi-Level Marketing is a kind of novelty in the business reality. The greatest popularity gained in Western countries, where it functions as a kind of hybrid method in distribution of the goods with the design of the sales network. It is one of the most secure business models. In Poland the awareness of this type of activity is still small and remains a wide spectrum of scientific research. This situation has led to the creation of this article. The aim of the publication is to highlight the problems of Multi-Level Marketing, an indication of the essence of this phenomenon, and show how far is different than traditional marketing. The article presents the system of functioning of this kind of business, how it works a system of charging commissions and indicated a practical example of this system. Considerations based on literature studies and case studies.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Kaźmierczak J., Łabuz A.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2018_n1_s25.pdf

Autor	Sebastian Jarzebowski
Tytuł	ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE OF SHORT SUPPLY CHAINS
Title
Słowa kluczowe	short food supply chain, supply chain management, sustainable development
Key words
Abstrakt	Within the framework of the paper, the author introduces issues connected to short food supply chains. There are many different forms of short food supply chains (SFSC), but they share a common characteristic of reduced numbers of intermediaries between the farmer or food producer, and the consumer. The growing interest in SFSCs is shown in the paper – this reflects mainly the consumer demand for quality and traceability, given the alarming health crises in food markets. From a customers’ point of view, SFSCs transfer more complete information about the origin of the food and, for producers, SFSCs retain a higher share of added value. The overview on the impact of short supply chains is provided in the paper. The results of the analysis show that the supply chain may have some beneficial economic effects. It is noticed that the SFSCs have potential to increase farm value added (profit allocation), promote sustainable farming systems, diversify production and contribute to local economic development.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Jarzebowski S.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s360.pdf

Autor	Katarzyna Bentkowska
Tytuł	THE ROLE OF SOCIAL CAPITAL AND TRUST IN CONTRACTING
Title
Słowa kluczowe	informal institutions, social capital, incomplete contracts
Key words
Abstrakt	The aim of the study is to analyse how the social capital in Poland affects contracting. It’s role is significant as the contracts concluded on the market are incomplete, i.e. they do not regulate all the issues explicitly. The effects of contractual incompleteness can be mitigated by the high level of trust and well-developed social capital. However, the research results show that the level of trust in Poland has been low for years and that social capital remains underdeveloped. It prevents the social capital to fulfil its role as a factor supporting the conclusion of contracts properly. This results in a real loss for enterprises, as part of the transactions is not conducted.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Bentkowska K.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s267.pdf

Autor	Katarzyna Czech
Tytuł	DUTCH DISEASE IN OIL-EXPORTING COUNTRIES: A SURVEY OF THEORY AND EVIDENCE
Title
Słowa kluczowe	Natural resource curse, Dutch disease, oil market
Key words
Abstrakt	Dutch disease phenomenon can be observed in a country that discovers an important and substantial natural resource deposit and starts exporting it on a large scale. In consequence, the country’s currency appreciates reducing competitiveness of its traditional export sector, including agricultural sector. The Dutch disease is considered to be one of the most significant reasons for the natural resource curse. The aim of the paper is to consolidate a growing literature on the Dutch disease and to provide theoretical framework for analysing this phenomenon. It refers to both developed and developing oil-exporting countries. The paper stresses the fact that the vulnerability to the Dutch disease depends strongly on economic policy, political regime and quality of institutions.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Czech K.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s252.pdf

Autor	Magdalena Jaworska
Tytuł	FOOD IMPORTS AND FOOD SECURITY OF MAIN GLOBAL MARKET PLAYERS
Title
Słowa kluczowe	food, food security, importers, international trade
Key words
Abstrakt	The main purpose of this paper was to assess the openness of trade in food products in the context of changes in food security levels. The period covered by this study is 1995–2015. The research was based on outcomes reported by main players of the global market. The basic source of data were online databases and reports. Once collected, the data was analysed with the use of quantitative and qualitative research methods. Selected statistical methods, indices of structure and dynamics, indicators of economic openness and indicators related to three dimensions of security (availability, access and stability) were used. The analysis resulted in numerous conclusions. In the study period, food imports followed a global growth trend with alternating periods of contrasting developments. In the countries covered by this study, the openness of trade in food was higher than that of global imports and followed a growth trend. The singularities of the development of the agri-food sector were reflected in decreasing values of the exports-to-imports ratio, and were decisive for the positive growth rate of per capita agri-food output. According to the analysis of relationships between changes in trade levels and selected food security indicators, imports proved to be positively correlated with physical and economic availability, and negatively correlated with stability. Based on the results, a general conclusion may be drawn that economic growth resulted in structural changes which contributed to improving access to food.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Jaworska M.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s245.pdf

Autor	Funda Gencler, Altay Gul, Berna Turkekul
Tytuł	ARE POLAND AND TURKEY RIVALS IN THE EU AGRICULTURAL MARKET?
Title
Słowa kluczowe	Poland, Turkey, competitiveness
Key words
Abstrakt	Poland and Turkey are one of the largest global producers and particularly exporters of fruits. The export is of great importance to domestic producers of these fruits. This paper attempts to assess Polish and Turkish fruit sectors’ competitiveness. For competitive comparison of Poland and Turkey, balance of foreign trade, trade coverage index, share in export and import, specialisation index, relative revealed comparative export advantage index, relative import penetration index, relative trade advantage index were calculated. According to the results, Turkey has shown to have comparative advantage for all periods. In contrast, however, Poland seems to be losing its advantages. Although Poland’s competitiveness is diminishing, Poland enjoys free access to EU market.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Gencler F., Gul A., Turkekul B.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s238.pdf

Autor	Dariusz Czakowski, Andrzej Czyżewski
Tytuł	THE MARKETS OF POTATOES AND SUGAR BEETS IN POLAND BEFORE AND AFTER ACCESSION TO THE EUROPEAN UNION. AN ATTEMPT TO COMPARE
Title
Słowa kluczowe	root crop market, sugar market, potato market, European integration
Key words
Abstrakt	The article attempts to identify the dynamics and direction of the root plant market development in Poland in the period before and after accession to the European Union by defining resource-efficiency relations related to the cultivation of potatoes and sugar beet. The research was carried out in the years 1994–2016. Based on them, it turned out that despite the progressive process of concentration and specialization of production on the market of root crops in Poland, income efficiency (without subsidies), especially in the case of sugar beets, decreased significantly. In addition, the area of cultivation of both potatoes and sugar beet was systematically decreasing, which was partially compensated by the improvement in crops. As a result of these adjustments, sugar beet harvests were at a similar level throughout the entire period considered, while potato production decreased.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Czakowski D., Czyżewski A.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2018_n2_s231.pdf

Autor	Dorota Pasińska
Tytuł	Handel zagraniczny produktami kurzymi w latach 2012-2017
Title	Polish Foreign Trade in Chicken Products from 2012 2017
Słowa kluczowe	polski rynek żywca kurzego, tuszka, handel zagraniczny, pogłowie kur, produkcja żywca kurzego, cena
Key words	Polish chicken market, carcass, foreign trade, chicken stock, chicken production, price
Abstrakt	Głównym celem artykułu jest przedstawienie polskiego rynku kurzego w latach 2012-2017 w kontekście zmian w handlu zagranicznym produktami kurzymi. W celu weryfikacji hipotezy wykorzystano metody statystyki opisowej (analizę porównawczą w czasie, analizę struktury, liniową funkcję trendu). W badanym okresie obserwuje się tendencję do powiększania się dodatniego salda obrotów handlowych mięsem, podrobami i przetworami kurzymi, natomiast saldo drobiem żywym było ujemne. W latach 2012-2017 przy znacznym wzroście pogłowia kur (oprócz niosek), wystąpił ponad 58% wzrost ich ubojów oraz ponad dwukrotnie zwiększył się eksport produktów kurzych (drób kurzy żywy, mięso, podroby i przetwory). W eksporcie i w spożyciu dominują produkty kurze, a na drugim miejscu są produkty indycze. Produkcja żywca kurzego jest bardzo skoncentrowana.
Abstract	The main goal of the article is to present the Polish chicken market in 2012-2017 in the context of changes in foreign trade in chicken products. In order to achieve the goal, the methods of descriptive statistics (comparative analysis over time, structure analysis, linear trend function) were used. In the analyzed period, there is a tendency to increase the positive balance of trade in meat, offal and chicken preserves, while the balance of live poultry was negative. In the years 2012-2017, with a significant increase in the stock of chickens (except laying hens), there was over 58% increase in their slaughter, and the export of chicken products (live hens, meat, offal, preserves) increased more than twice. In export and consumption, chicken products dominate, followed by turkey products. The production of live chicken is very concentrated.
Cytowanie	Pasińska D. (2018) Handel zagraniczny produktami kurzymi w latach 2012-2017.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 18(33), z. 4: 38-49
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2018_T18(33)_n4_s38.pdf

Autor	Tomasz Klusek
Tytuł	Out-of-Market Agricultural Property Trading in Poland
Title	Out-of-Market Agricultural Property Trading in Poland
Słowa kluczowe	real property market, agricultural property, out-of-market transactions
Key words	real property market, agricultural property, out-of-market transactions
Abstrakt	In the category of land property, the Civil Code specifies agricultural property. Similarly to other real property, they can be traded in the form of transfer of the ownership title, which occurs on commercial terms or with such terms excluded. In this study, out-of-market transactions with agricultural property. On the basis of the available data, changes in the figures, structure and regional differentiation of such transactions were presented. Attention was also paid to why such changes occurred.
Abstract	In the category of land property, the Civil Code specifies agricultural property. Similarly to other real property, they can be traded in the form of transfer of the ownership title, which occurs on commercial terms or with such terms excluded. In this study, out-of-market transactions with agricultural property. On the basis of the available data, changes in the figures, structure and regional differentiation of such transactions were presented. Attention was also paid to why such changes occurred.
Cytowanie	Klusek T. (2018) Out-of-Market Agricultural Property Trading in Poland.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 18(33), z. 4: 259-269
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2018_T18(33)_n4_s259.pdf

Autor	Karolina Jąder
Tytuł	Produkcja, konsumpcja i eksport jabłek w Polsce w latach 2005 2016
Title	Production, consumption and export in Poland in the years 2005-2016
Słowa kluczowe	jabłka, powierzchnia, zbiory, konsumpcja, eksport
Key words	apples, area, crops, consumption, export
Abstrakt	Celem artykułu było przedstawienie zmian na rynku jabłek w Polsce w latach 2005-2016. W analizowanym okresie nastąpiło wyraźne zwiększenie znaczenia jabłek w polskiej produkcji sadowniczej. Odnotowano dynamiczny wzrost zbiorów, przy ograniczonym wzroście powierzchni. W tym czasie odnotowano również zmiany w strukturze odmianowej jabłek. Umacniał się udział odmiany Idared oraz wzrastało znaczenie odmian Gala i Ligol. Tendencją spadkową charakteryzowała się natomiast konsumpcja jabłek, a ich znaczenie w strukturze spożycia owoców malało na korzyść owoców południowych. W badanym okresie wzrastała wielkość i wartość sprzedaży zagranicznej jabłek, a także zaszły duże zmiany w strukturze geograficznej eksportu.
Abstract	The aim of the article was to present changes on the apples market in Poland in 2005-2016. Results show that in the analyzed period the importance of apples in Polish fruit production increased. There has been a increase in crops with limited area growth. During this time, changes in the structure of apples varieties were also noted. The importance of the Idared, Gala and Ligol varieties grew. Consumption of apples was characterized by decreasing tendency. The importance of apples in the fruit consumption structure decreased and the share of exotic fruit increased. In the analyzed period, the volume and value of foreign sales of apples increased, as well a significant change in the geographical structure of exports were observed.
Cytowanie	Jąder K. (2018) Produkcja, konsumpcja i eksport jabłek w Polsce w latach 2005 2016.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 18(33), z. 4: 209-221
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2018_T18(33)_n4_s209.pdf

Autor	Sławomir Jarka, Marzena Trajer
Tytuł	Support for the Beekeeping Sector in Poland and the European Union
Title	Support for the Beekeeping Sector in Poland and the European Union
Słowa kluczowe	support, beekeeping sector, sustainable development
Key words	support, beekeeping sector, sustainable development
Abstrakt	The aim of the work was to present a support mechanism for bee products market implemented after Poland's accession to the European Union, including within the framework of national beekeeping support programs. The elaboration included information contained in legal acts of the European Commission, MRiRW and KOWR. Support for the beekeeping sector in Poland and the EU is related to the policy of sustainable development of agriculture and rural areas. The amount of funds addressed to individual beneficiaries depends on the size of the sector in a given Member State. Spain, France, Greece, Romania and Italy, and Poland received the highest amounts of support under the EU budget.
Abstract	The aim of the work was to present a support mechanism for bee products market implemented after Poland's accession to the European Union, including within the framework of national beekeeping support programs. The elaboration included information contained in legal acts of the European Commission, MRiRW and KOWR. Support for the beekeeping sector in Poland and the EU is related to the policy of sustainable development of agriculture and rural areas. The amount of funds addressed to individual beneficiaries depends on the size of the sector in a given Member State. Spain, France, Greece, Romania and Italy, and Poland received the highest amounts of support under the EU budget.
Cytowanie	Jarka S., Trajer M. (2018) Support for the Beekeeping Sector in Poland and the European Union.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 18(33), z. 4: 183-191
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2018_T18(33)_n4_s183.pdf

Autor	Agata Grużewska, Marek Gugała, Krystyna Zarzecka
Tytuł	Analiza rynku owoców jagodowych – wybrane elementy
Title	Analysis of the Berry Market – Selected Elements
Słowa kluczowe	owoce jagodowe, produkcja, konsumpcja
Key words	berry fruit, production, consumption
Abstrakt	Celem pracy była identyfikacja zmian zachodzących na rynku owoców jagodowych w Polsce oraz w wybranych krajach Unii Europejskiej, w latach 2006-2017. W opracowaniu dostępnych danych i prezentacji wyników badań wykorzystano metody opisowe i porównawcze. W publikacji wykorzystano dane GUS oraz FAO, dotyczące powierzchni upraw, wielkości produkcji i spożycia owoców, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem owoców jagodowych, na świecie i wybranych krajach Unii Europejskiej oraz w Polsce. Analizą objęto lata 2006–2017 dla Polski w odniesieniu do powierzchni upraw i wielkości produkcji, lata 2006-2017 w odniesieniu do wielkości spożycia, a w badaniach Polski na tle świata i wybranych krajów UE, ze względu na wielkość produkcji i powierzchnię upraw owoców jagodowych, uwzględniono rok 2016.
Abstract	The aim of the work was to identify changes taking place in the market of berries in Poland and selected European Union countries from 2006 to 2017. Descriptive methods were used to analyse the available data and present the study results. The work is based on GUS (the Main Statistical Office in Poland) and FAO data pertaining to cropped area, production volume and fruit consumption level, paying special attention to berries, in Poland, selected European Union countries and worldwide. Data for the period 2013-2017 was considered for cropped area and production volume in Poland, 2006-2017 for consumption level, and the year 2016 for production volume and area under berry plants in Poland against the background of the world and selected EU countries.
Cytowanie	Grużewska A., Gugała M., Zarzecka K. (2018) Analiza rynku owoców jagodowych – wybrane elementy.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 18(33), z. 4: 152-161
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2018_T18(33)_n4_s152.pdf

Autor	Jacek Bednarz, Maria Zuba-Ciszewska
Tytuł	Produkcja mleka ekologicznego w Polsce. Koncentracja czy rozproszenie?
Title	Organic Milk Production in Poland. Concentration or Dispersion?
Słowa kluczowe	produkcja, mleko ekologiczne, regiony, koncentracja, Indeks Herfindahla-Hirschmana, metoda unitaryzacji zerowanej
Key words	production, organic milk, regions, concentration, Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, zero unitarization method
Abstrakt	W produkcji ekologicznego mleka w Polsce specjalizują się regiony o niewielkim udziale w produkcji tego surowca ogółem w kraju. Pomiar koncentracji stanowi jedno z kluczowych zagadnień w badaniach nad ekonomicznymi strukturami zjawisk rynkowych. Celem pracy było zbadanie stopnia koncentracji rynku mleka ekologicznego na tle rynku mleka ogółem, a także próba odpowiedzi na pytanie o możliwość wskazania regionów specjalizujących się w produkcji mleka ekologicznego. Badanie przeprowadzono przy pomocy klasycznego indeksu Herfindahla-Hirschmana oraz zmodyfikowanej wersji formuły metody unitaryzacji zerowanej. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują na umiarkowany stopień koncentracji rynku mleka ekologicznego. Jednocześnie, przy wykorzystaniu metody z zakresu porządkowania liniowego, możliwa jest jednoznaczna identyfikacja regionów, w których produkcja mleka ekologicznego ma większe znaczenie ekonomiczne.
Abstract	Regions specialized in the organic milk production in Poland represent a small share in the total production of this raw material within the country. Measurement of concentration is one of the key issues in research on the economic structures of market phenomena. The aim of the work was to examine the degree of concentration of the organic milk market in the context of the total milk market, as well as an attempt to answer the question about the possibility of indicating regions specializing in the production of organic milk. The study was carried out using the classical Herfindahl-Hirschman index. A modified version of the formula of the zero unitarization method was also used. The obtained results indicate a moderate degree of concentration of the organic milk market. At the same time, using the modified zero unitarization method, it is possible to clearly identify regions in which the production of organic milk has more economic significance.
Cytowanie	Bednarz J., Zuba-Ciszewska M. (2018) Produkcja mleka ekologicznego w Polsce. Koncentracja czy rozproszenie?.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 18(33), z. 4: 112-121
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2018_T18(33)_n4_s112.pdf

Autor	Ewa Bąk-Filipek
Tytuł	Changes in the EU Beef Market
Title	Changes in the EU Beef Market
Słowa kluczowe	livestock and beef, conditions, changes, beef market, European Union
Key words	livestock and beef, conditions, changes, beef market, European Union
Abstrakt	The article below discusses and compares changes in the beef market, occurring in the EU, to the global market. Global beef market is going through endless changes, although direction and rate of these changes vary depending on which region the analysis applies to. In recent years Polish beef market has been slowly becoming marginalized on the internal market, mainly because of the decreasing importance of beef consumption in the balance of meat consumption. The poultry market is becoming more and more important, both on the supply and demand sides. The study also draws attention to the fact that agricultural markets, the meat market in particular, are susceptible to the cyclical fluctuations on international markets. Because of that the EU policy, as well as the policy of a given country, play a big part to the individual agricultural markets.
Abstract	The article below discusses and compares changes in the beef market, occurring in the EU, to the global market. Global beef market is going through endless changes, although direction and rate of these changes vary depending on which region the analysis applies to. In recent years Polish beef market has been slowly becoming marginalized on the internal market, mainly because of the decreasing importance of beef consumption in the balance of meat consumption. The poultry market is becoming more and more important, both on the supply and demand sides. The study also draws attention to the fact that agricultural markets, the meat market in particular, are susceptible to the cyclical fluctuations on international markets. Because of that the EU policy, as well as the policy of a given country, play a big part to the individual agricultural markets.
Cytowanie	Bąk-Filipek E. (2018) Changes in the EU Beef Market.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 18(33), z. 4: 102-111
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2018_T18(33)_n4_s102.pdf

Autor	Tetiana Balanovska, Barbara Wyrzykowska
Tytuł	The Requirements of the Contemporary Labour Market for Professionals
Title	The Requirements of the Contemporary Labour Market for Professionals
Słowa kluczowe	labour market, population, employment, specialist, manager, competence, knowledge
Key words	labour market, population, employment, specialist, manager, competence, knowledge
Abstrakt	The article substantiates that the contemporary labour market with its flexibility, volatility, high innovation dynamics, as its main features, introduces new requirements for employees. The study analyses the Ukrainian population’s employment, in the rural areas, forestry and fishing, in particular. The study determines the problems of the insufficient level of satisfaction of the employers’ need in employees. The research sums up different scientific approaches to the expectation that employers have to professional specialists. It establishes that employers' requirements for future employees differ regarding their professional experience. The article explains the findings of the research assisting specialists to focus on the core knowledge concerning the practical aspect. The article provides analysis that refers to the set of personal qualities and abilities acting as factors of managers’ compliance with the demands of the contemporary labour market. The findings of the article single out the role and significance of logical thinking as a component of forming successful managers.
Abstract	The article substantiates that the contemporary labour market with its flexibility, volatility, high innovation dynamics, as its main features, introduces new requirements for employees. The study analyses the Ukrainian population’s employment, in the rural areas, forestry and fishing, in particular. The study determines the problems of the insufficient level of satisfaction of the employers’ need in employees. The research sums up different scientific approaches to the expectation that employers have to professional specialists. It establishes that employers' requirements for future employees differ regarding their professional experience. The article explains the findings of the research assisting specialists to focus on the core knowledge concerning the practical aspect. The article provides analysis that refers to the set of personal qualities and abilities acting as factors of managers’ compliance with the demands of the contemporary labour market. The findings of the article single out the role and significance of logical thinking as a component of forming successful managers.
Cytowanie	Balanovska T., Wyrzykowska B. (2018) The Requirements of the Contemporary Labour Market for Professionals.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 18(33), z. 4: 92-101
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2018_T18(33)_n4_s92.pdf

Autor	Piotr Szajner
Tytuł	Ewolucja światowego rynku piwa
Title	The Evolution of World Beer Market
Słowa kluczowe	rynek, piwo, chmiel, globalizacja
Key words	market, beer, hop, globalisation
Abstrakt	W latach 1980-2016 światowy rynek piwa charakteryzował się wysoką dynamiką rozwoju. Produkcja i obroty handlu zagranicznego znacząco wzrosły. Istotny wpływ miały na to procesy globalizacyjne. Światowa produkcja piwa jest zdominowana przez duże koncerny browarnicze, ale w ostatnich latach ich udział w rynku zmniejszył w związku z rozwojem produkcji w małych browarach. Rosnąca produkcja piwa generuje duży popyt na surowce wytwarzane w działach pierwotnego przetwórstwa żywności (słód, ekstrakt chmielowy, cukier). Na polskim rynku piwa były obserwowane analogiczne tendencje. Duże bezpośrednie inwestycje zagraniczne, koncentracja struktur podmiotowych i w konsekwencji dynamiczny wzrost produkcji i eksportu. Na krajowym rynku także wzrasta produkcji w małych browarach.
Abstract	Over the period of 1980-2016 the world beer market showed a dynamic development. Both the production and foreign trade volumes considerably increased, which largely resulted from globalisation processes. The production of beer in the world is dominated with large brewing companies. However in recent years their share contracted due to expansion of small-scale brewing. Growing production of beer generates demand for raw materials (malt, hops extract, sugar). The world tendencies were mirrored on the Polish market. Large foreign direct investments along with concentration of production triggered a dynamic growth of production and exports. The share of small breweries in Poland has recently been growing as well.
Cytowanie	Szajner P. (2018) Ewolucja światowego rynku piwa.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 18(33), z. 4: 60-68
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2018_T18(33)_n4_s60.pdf