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Autor	Zofia Kołoszko-Chomentowska
Tytuł	Wykształcenie ludności rolniczej jako determinanta rozwoju rolnictwa
Title	THE RURAL POPULATION’S EDUCATION AS A DETERMINANT OF DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE
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Abstract	The paper describes an importance of the rural population’s education for the development of the country and rural areas. The need for modernization change in the Polish agriculture and the quest for measures designed to improve the social and economic conditions of the country-dwellers are connected with their education enhancement. Only well-educated people can take efficient actions in any sphere where many factors are involved. The quality of rural population re sources increases consistently, but it is still low as compare to its level among the urban people. It is why any measures are required to be taken to smooth the odds between rural and urban people. The studies indicated close relations between the quality of human capital and the effect of agricultural management. The higheducated farmers are more venturesome and open to the market. It is observed especially in such areas as investment activity and marketable farm production. The analysis of agricultural labor resources carried out on the data of the General Agricultural Census revealed diversified attitudes of farmers towards the market changes depending on an education of manager of a farm. The activity of farmers with secondary or high education is more intense and successful
Cytowanie	Kołoszko-Chomentowska Z. (2008) Wykształcenie ludności rolniczej jako determinanta rozwoju rolnictwa.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 67: 79-85
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2008_n67_s79.pdf

Autor	Sławomir Juszczyk
Tytuł	Innowacje a zasada racjonalnego gospodarowania w agrobiznesie
Title	INNOVATION AND RATIONAL PRINCIPLE IN AGROBUSINESS
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Abstract	The aim of this paper is to propose a discussion about the innovation and rational managing principle. The foundation for beginning this consideration begs the question – why Professor Oscar Lange used this name, but did not determine that there is a principle of ways to improve the effectiveness of managing in economics. If indeed there is a rational managing principle, also in the meaning ex ante, and we take into consideration such innovation which enlarge the financial outcome of a given economic entity, it seems that the rational managing principle, so far, does not exhaust the complexity of this issue. In author’s opinion the rational managing principle makes easier, on the one hand, an opinion of existing changes, on the other hand planning the production improvement in short, mid, and long – lived depiction. It allows with economic point of view to concentrate on problems from the past and on these which have short term, operation and strategic meaning. Furthermore, production improvement because of innovation is for the entity the base giving the chance to exist during the time. In the contemporary macroeconomic condition the economic entity’s success is existing on the market and not to worsen the financial condition. With the all point of view, in the entirely calculus, existing of the economy entity is not only financial profitable but has first of all fundamental social meaning. Predictable escalation of liberalisation in the EU agricultural policy will cause necessity the acceleration of production’s rationalisation in all the farms. The decreasing unit cost could be very difficult process, demanding the farming which is based on knowledge
Cytowanie	Juszczyk S. (2008) Innowacje a zasada racjonalnego gospodarowania w agrobiznesie.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 68: 5-15
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Autor	Justyna Kołyska
Tytuł	Finansowanie rozwoju wsi i rolnictwa środkami publicznymi
Title	FINANCING DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL AREAS BY THE PUBLIC SOURCES
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Abstract	The expenses incurred by our country on agriculture and rural areas’ development depend on the agricultural policy and financial abilities of the Budget. The aim of the article was firstly to analyze the changes in the structure of support instruments and, secondly, in the size and dynamics of public funds assign enables the absorption of union funds but, on the other hand, enforces us for refinancing union programs. As the analysis of the budget of the Agency for Restructuring and Modernization of Agriculture has exerted, all this caused changes in the size and structure of the mentioned expenses.
Cytowanie	Kołyska J. (2008) Finansowanie rozwoju wsi i rolnictwa środkami publicznymi.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 68: 41-49
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Autor	Arkadiusz Artyszak, Katarzyna Kucińska
Tytuł	Zmiany w produkcji cukru i buraka cukrowego w Polsce i w Unii Europejskiej spowodowane reformą rynku cukru
Title	CHANGES IN PRODUCTION OF SUGAR AND SUGAR BEATS IN POLAND AN THE EUROPEAN UNION DUE TO THE REFORM OF SUGAR MARKET
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Abstract	In presented paper changes in the sugar production and in the nursery of the sugar beet in the EU brought about were described with implementing the reform of the market of the sugar. An too small interest in limiting the sugar production in 2007 caused the yr the European Commission modified principles of the reform and a possibility of the resignation led farmers from the right into the cultivation of the sugar beet in exchange for high bonuses in the framework of the so-called farmer’s initiative. At the same time they enabled sugar factories to assume this initiative under the condition of limiting the sugar production, in case of Poland, by the 13.5%. All sugar concerns took advantage of this possibility. However it turned out, that considerable part of farmers, on account of the low profitability of the cultivation of the sugar beet, doesn’t want to plant this plant. In April 2008 yr, sugar concerns had a problem with contracting the essential amount of the raw material. Therefore they persuaded farmers which relinquished their right to the cultivation to produce the raw material in frames of the limit of the sugar factory. However such a situation can cause, that Poland will become the net importer of the sugar, or else the domestic production in 2008 will be shorter than the demand
Cytowanie	Artyszak A., Kucińska K. (2008) Zmiany w produkcji cukru i buraka cukrowego w Polsce i w Unii Europejskiej spowodowane reformą rynku cukru.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 68: 91-103
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Autor	Iwona Kowalska
Tytuł	Zagrożenia wsparcia unijnego na rzecz rozwoju kapitału ludzkiego na obszarach wiejskich
Title	THREATS FOR ABSORPTION OF EU FOUNDS FOR SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT AT RURAL AREAS
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Abstract	Poland, as a member of European Union, is responsible for implementation European Employment Strategy. In the age of changes in rural areas lifelong learning (LL), one of aspect of European Employment Strategy, is very important for economic growth. European Social Found is very useful of financing LL in Poland. The article describes difficulties in absorption process of European Social Found
Cytowanie	Kowalska I. (2008) Zagrożenia wsparcia unijnego na rzecz rozwoju kapitału ludzkiego na obszarach wiejskich.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 68: 105-116
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Autor	Joanna Dmitruk, Krystyna Krzyżanowska
Tytuł	Skuteczność reklam społecznych w oddziaływaniu na system aksjo-normatywny
Title	The effi ciency of social advertisement in the effect on the axio-normative system
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Abstract	The ongoing changes in modern societies and constant build-up of information have caused that compared to colourful and screaming commercial advertisements present everywhere you can see social advertisements and campaigns appearing more and more frequently. Social advertisement focuses on the most important problems in society and there are a lot of difficulties between good understanding and appropriate reactions on this kind of advertisements. Because of this fact, we can say that social advertisement is trying to override barriers of public debate on difficult, shy and taboo themes such as illnesses, addictions or social help. But social advertisement’s biggest challenge is to provoke attitudes and behaviours socially desired. Social advertisement efficiency surveys shows that there aren’t many social advertisements that cause a change or provoke attitudes and behaviours socially desired
Cytowanie	Dmitruk J., Krzyżanowska K. (2008) Skuteczność reklam społecznych w oddziaływaniu na system aksjo-normatywny.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 69: 99-107
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2008_n69_s99.pdf

Autor	Anna Mazurkiewicz-Pizło, Wojciech Pizło
Tytuł	Koncepcja otoczenia organizacji z uwzględnieniem wybranych aspektów międzynarodowych
Title	The Theory of Organization’s Environment Taking Selected International Aspects into Consideration
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Abstract	The organizational environment comprises a wide range of forces that can affect organizational performances. These forces differ between organizations according to the geographical location, industry and market served. Multinational firms face different situations from that of small local business. The forces affecting business organizations are different from those influencing non-profit organizations, the forces affecting the electronics industry are different from those influencing the food industry. Even within the same industry forces will vary. Organizations need to understand the forces that affect them do that can plan for the future. The various environmental forces exist at different levels. At the outer level is institutional environment, then organization’s external environment (macro environment). At this level there are a range of economic, technological, social, cultural, political and international factors that generally affect all organizations. Then there is the organization’s most immediate competitive environment, which is the specific environment comprising the organization’s customers, suppliers and competitors. Spanning both internal and external environments is a third set of forces exerted by various stakeholders. All environments forces can affect many areas of the organization, such as its strategy (for example its choice of geographical markets), its structure, or its production methods. For this reason it is vital for management to undertake environmental analysis to assess: how the environment has changed, how it is likely to change, what impacts these changes are likely to have on the organization, its customers and markets
Cytowanie	Mazurkiewicz-Pizło A., Pizło W. (2008) Koncepcja otoczenia organizacji z uwzględnieniem wybranych aspektów międzynarodowych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 71: 27-41
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Autor	Agnieszka Deresz, Marian Podstawka
Tytuł	Podatek dochodowy od osób fi zycznych: progresywny czy proporcjonalny?
Title	Income Tax on Individuals: Progressive or Proportionate?
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Abstract	The current system of income tax on individuals was created in the period 1991–1994. At that time it was considered to be a modern and coherent system that met economic needs. However, numerous changes arising as a result of budgetary needs meant that the system became unduly complex and unmanageable. The introduction of a single flat rate tax in Poland is very controversial. It has divided opinion, especially that of economists, politicians and society as a whole. Both sides of the argument point out the advantages and disadvantages of applying one tax rate regardless of total income of individuals. The aim of this article is to highlight these issues in economic and social terms as well as discussing how the organization and administration of the tax system can be streamlined. The study consists of an introduction and four parts. In the first one, the main concept of taxes is presented. The second one is devoted to tax justice and the third part to tax refunds which are one of the elements of the tax system. The last part outlines the main problems connected with, and the influence of social inequality on economic growth.
Cytowanie	Deresz A., Podstawka M. (2008) Podatek dochodowy od osób fi zycznych: progresywny czy proporcjonalny?.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 71: 67-83
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Autor	Piotr Adamczyk
Tytuł	Produktywność czynników wytwórczych w przemyśle spożywczym w Polsce
Title	The productivity of factors of production in food industry in Poland
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Abstract	The article examines the changes in the productivity of factors of production in food industry in the years 1997–2006. The theoretical part of the paper presents the methods of productivity measurement and the most frequently used indexes. The empirical part shows the changes of labour and capital productivity indexes in particular branches of food industry in the studied period. It was stated that when the production in Polish food industry grew, there was a simultaneous increase in labour productivity and decrease in capital productivity. Thus, there was a process of input substitution which resulted in the replacement of the labour by the capital
Cytowanie	Adamczyk P. (2008) Produktywność czynników wytwórczych w przemyśle spożywczym w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 71: 95-106
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Autor	Ewa Wasilewska
Tytuł	Zmiany w strukturze zasiewów w Polsce w latach 1996–2007
Title	Changes in the Structure of Sown Area in Poland in the years 1996–2007
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Abstract	The paper presents changes in structure and area of sown of main agricultural products, including: cereals, industrial and fodder plants in the years 1996–2007. The author states, that cereals predominated in the structure of sown area and that decreasing tendency of sown area of potatoes occurred, what is the result of animal output intensification, mainly pigs. The decrease of sugar beets sown area was also observed, chiefly as a result of limited demand for sugar in recent years. The increase of sown area of industrial plants occurred, in particular rape and agrimony. The reason of that tendency is an increase of using rape and agrimony for technical purposes, mainly for biofuel production.
Cytowanie	Wasilewska E. (2008) Zmiany w strukturze zasiewów w Polsce w latach 1996–2007.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 71: 123-135
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Autor	Piotr Adamczyk
Tytuł	Tendencje w poziomie i zróżnicowaniu wynagrodzeń w Polsce po przystąpieniu do Unii Europejskiej
Title	Tendencies in the Level and Diversity of Wages in Poland after the Accession to the European Union
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Abstract	The article presents the changes in the level of wages in Poland after its accession into EU. The aim of the research was to estimate the diversity rate of the wages in regional and professional context. The author used the data from the Central Statistical Office and the coefficient of variation. It was stated that within the years 2004–2007 the real wage increased in all voivodships and sectors of national economy. It was also observed that disproportion in the level of wages occurred before 2004 was decreasing slowly
Cytowanie	Adamczyk P. (2008) Tendencje w poziomie i zróżnicowaniu wynagrodzeń w Polsce po przystąpieniu do Unii Europejskiej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 72: 17-25
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Autor	Dorota Klembowska
Tytuł	Zmiany w zatrudnieniu w Polsce i krajach Unii Europejskiej
Title	Employment Changes in Poland and European Union Member States
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Abstract	The aim of the paper is to analyse the employment changes in Poland and the European Union in the 2000–2007 period. The main source of performed research was the Eurostat database. In examined time the employment rate increased in the whole European Union. Also the employment rate in Poland raised up (to 57% level) at the end of the year 2007, however it was lower by about 8,4 percentage points than employment average for the European Union. The employment rate of woman in Poland increased from 48,9% to 50,6% between of 2000 and 2007. Furthermore, the employment rate for older people in 55–64 age amounted to 28,4% in 2000, but in 2007 also rose to 29,7% level. Besides improving the situation on labour market, Poland will have serious difficulties in achievement the Lisbon and Stockholm Strategy target
Cytowanie	Klembowska D. (2008) Zmiany w zatrudnieniu w Polsce i krajach Unii Europejskiej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 72: 51-63
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Autor	Andrzej Jędruchniewicz
Tytuł	Popytowe przyczyny inflacji w Polsce
Title	Causes of Demand-Pull Inflation in Poland
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Abstract	Inflation is one of main factors influencing economy development. This is the reason why monetary policy is aimed at holding down inflation at low level. In Poland in the years 2001–2007 the influence of nominal interest rates on the level of inflation was unmistakable but on the low level. Inflation reacted changes of interest rates the most strongly after 6–7 quarters. The most important demand factor in inflation analysis is domestic demand, especially demand gap. Demand gap was computed by subtracting proportional increase of domestic production from proportional increase of domestic demand. The impact of demand gap on the price level changes was significant, excluding data from the year 2001. Monetary authorities ought to observe demand gap intently, because it can become in future main threat for assumed level of inflation. An increase of final demand combined with the low growth GDP rate and increase of production costs will cause intense rise of price’s level.
Cytowanie	Jędruchniewicz A. (2008) Popytowe przyczyny inflacji w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 72: 119-130
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Autor	Joanna Wrzesińska
Tytuł	Rozwój wielkopowierzchniowych obiektów handlowych w Polsce
Title	Development of Large-Shopping-Area Objects in Poland
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Abstract	In the paper the development of LSAO in Poland in the span 1990–2007 was discussed. Changes in quantitative structure of stores, concrete mergers and takings over of LSAO as well as productivity of trading area on polish market were presented. Main grown trends of LSAO and its transformation were also discussed
Cytowanie	Wrzesińska J. (2008) Rozwój wielkopowierzchniowych obiektów handlowych w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 72: 161-170
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Autor	Ewa Krawczyk
Tytuł	Miejsce Warszawskiej Giełdy Papierów Wartościowych wśród wybranych giełd Europy Środkowej
Title	Position of Warsaw Stock Exchange among Chosen Stock Exchanges of Central Europe
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Abstract	Warsaw Stock Exchange in the years 2007 was characterized by the highest capitalization among stock exchanges of new member countries of the European Union and it is the middle size stock exchange in Europe. At the end of the year 2007 the index of capitalization of domestic companies to gross domestic product of Poland amounted to 47.3%, what shows at quantitative and qualitative development of Warsaw Stock Exchange and well realized strategy. WSE is characterized by low liquidity ratio in comparison with exchanges of Central and Eastern Europe. At the end of 2007 liquidity ratio of WSE amounted to 44.3%, when in Hungary amounted to 109,8% and in Czech Republic to 76,2%.
Cytowanie	Krawczyk E. (2008) Miejsce Warszawskiej Giełdy Papierów Wartościowych wśród wybranych giełd Europy Środkowej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 72: 171-179
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Autor	Michał Szponarowicz
Tytuł	Zmiany poziomu i struktury aktywów finansowych polskich gospodarstw domowych
Title	Changes in the Level and Structure of Polish Households’ Financial Assets
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Abstract	The aim of this article is to analyse changes in the level and structure of households’ financial assets in Poland. The discourse involves selected economical factors, which condition the method of household investments. Crucial determinants influencing the increase of financial assets worth include the establishment of Open Pension Funds as new entities on the financial market. In addition the growth of Investment Funds sector influenced the increased activity of households in investments. Those changes facilitated households with an easier access to financial tools. Changes which took place in the structure and level of Polish people’s savings were, among other factors, the effect of the general growth of Polish economy. Major role in the development of financial assets’ structure was played by non-economical factors: demographic and psychological. The latter factors exhibit high level of influence during dynamic fluctuations (both increase and decrease) of market index value. Such a situation occurred during the discussed period of time
Cytowanie	Szponarowicz M. (2008) Zmiany poziomu i struktury aktywów finansowych polskich gospodarstw domowych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 72: 181-197
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Autor	Jacek Maśniak
Tytuł	Formy obrotu ziemią rolniczą w Polsce
Title	Forms of Agricultural Land Turnover in Poland
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Abstract	The aim of the article is to introduce the importance of individual forms of agricultural land turnover. The analysis covers land turnover defined in narrow scope, including only ownership changes of land possession. The research covers the span 1990–2006. The analysis shows, that in examined period the importance of market and non-market agricultural land turnover changed. In the year 1990 non-market transaction amounted to 71% of total agricultural land transactions, and next, starting from the mid-nineties the share of them stabilised at the level of 45–50%. The liberalization of the agricultural land turnover after 1990 had revived private land market. In 2006 82% of market transactions was reached between private individuals, and in 18% public sector participated.
Cytowanie	Maśniak J. (2008) Formy obrotu ziemią rolniczą w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 72: 213-222
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2008_n72_s213.pdf

Autor	Henryk Runowski
Tytuł	Wykorzystanie bilansu majątkowego w ocenie stanu i kierunków zmian sytuacji ekonomiczno-finansowej przedsiębiorstw hodowlanych
Title	How to use the balance sheet to assess the state of art and the changes of financial and economic situation of breeding companies?
Słowa kluczowe	bilans majątkowy, struktura i dynamika zmian, sytuacja ekonomiczno-finansowa przedsiębiorstw, spółki hodowlane
Key words	balance sheet, structure and dynamics of changes, financial and economic situation of companies, breeding companies
Abstrakt	Przedstawiono możliwości wykorzystania bilansu do oceny sytuacji majątkowej i ekonomiczno-finansowej przedsiębiorstw hodowli roślin i zwierząt Agencji Nieruchomości Rolnych. Zbadano kształtowanie się poziomu, dynamiki oraz struktury aktywów i pasywów badanych przedsiębiorstw w latach 1997-2007. Uzyskane wyniki mogą stanowić podstawę do porównywania wyników przez poszczególne przedsiębiorstwa hodowli roślin i zwierząt do zaprezentowanych w artykule średnich wartości dla całej grupy tych przedsiębiorstw.
Abstract	The paper aims to present the possibilities how to use the balance sheet to assess the state of art and the changes of financial and economic situation of breeding companies. There were analyzed plant and animal breeding companies owned by the Agency of Agricultural Property. There were analyzed the structure and dynamics of changes of both assets and liabilities of balance sheets in the period 1997-2007. The results could be used as a basis for comparisons for particular company with regard to whole analyzed group.
Cytowanie	Runowski H. (2008) Wykorzystanie bilansu majątkowego w ocenie stanu i kierunków zmian sytuacji ekonomiczno-finansowej przedsiębiorstw hodowlanych.Roczniki Nauk Rolniczych, Seria G, t. 95, z. 2: 7-19
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Pełny tekst	RNR_2008_T95_n2_s7.pdf

Autor	Rafał Baum, Witold Wielicki
Tytuł	Zmiany w zarządzaniu oraz dalszy rozwój przedsiębiorstw rolnych
Title	MANAGEMENT CHANGES AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
Słowa kluczowe	organizacja gospodarstw, zarządzanie gospodarstwami, przedsiębiorstwa rolnicze
Key words	farm’s organization, farm’s management, agricultural enterprises
Abstrakt	Zaprezentowano rozważania dotyczące grupy największych gospodarstw rolnych o powierzchni 100 i więcej ha użytków rolnych. Autorzy udowadniają, że należy uznać te gospodarstwa za wysokotowarowe przedsiębiorstwa rolne, ściśle powiązane z przetwórstwem rolno-spożywczym, podlegające identycznym regułom zarządzania jak przedsiębiorstwa z innych sektorów gospodarki. Zwrócono również uwagę na nowe elementy w zarządzaniu, dotyczące przedsiębiorstw rolnych. Przeanalizowano ponadto spodziewane kierunki badań w naukach o zarządzaniu oraz możliwe scenariusze i kierunki rozwoju gospodarstw wielkoobszarowych w przyszłości.
Abstract	The paper presents the considerations concerning group of biggest farms about surface 100 and more ha of utilized agricultural area. The authors argue that these farms should be treated as high productive market enterprises, which are strictly coherent with processing industry and under the same rules as enterprises from other sectors of economy. The paper pays the attention on new elements in management of rural enterprises. Besides, the study is presenting new directions of research in management sciences, possible scenarios and directions of big farms development in the future.
Cytowanie	Baum R., Wielicki W. (2008) Zmiany w zarządzaniu oraz dalszy rozwój przedsiębiorstw rolnych .Roczniki Nauk Rolniczych, Seria G, t. 95, z. 1: 31-41
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Pełny tekst	RNR_2008_n1_s31.pdf

Autor	Eugeniusz Niedzielski
Tytuł	Rola gospodarstw wielkoobszarowych w rolnictwie polskim
Title	THE ROLE OF THE LARGE-SCALE FARMS IN POLISH AGRICULTURE
Słowa kluczowe	gospodarka rolna, struktura obszarowa gospodarstw, gospodarstwa wielkoobszarowe
Key words	farm, the farm acreage structure, large scale farms
Abstrakt	W pracy przedstawiono udział gospodarstw wielkoobszarowych w strukturze obszarowej oraz przesłanki i uwarunkowania zmian tego udziału. Analiza ma charakter retrospektywny ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem problematyki gospodarstw popegeerowskich.
Abstract	The structure of farm area particularly those with great acreage displays a large spatial difference shaped by the historical factors. Nowadays the large farms have almost exclusively post national origin with all economical and social consequences. They are characterized by low employment both seasonal and permanent and high effectiveness of work. The vast market connections cause the high sensibility to changes in the environment.
Cytowanie	Niedzielski E. (2008) Rola gospodarstw wielkoobszarowych w rolnictwie polskim .Roczniki Nauk Rolniczych, Seria G, t. 95, z. 1: 14-21
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Pełny tekst	RNR_2008_n1_s14.pdf