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Autor	Ewa Frąckiewicz, Edyta Rudawska, Małgorzata Wiścińska
Tytuł	SUSTAINABLE MARKETING MIX – THE BASIC ASSUMPTIONS
Title
Słowa kluczowe	marketing, zrównoważony rozwój, instrumenty marketingowe
Key words	marketing, sustainable development, marketing instruments
Abstrakt	Rosnące znaczenie koncepcji zrównoważonego rozwoju znajduje swoje konsekwencje w polityce marketingowej współczesnych organizacji, zarówno na poziomie mikro jak i makro. W ostatnich latach pojawiła się koncepcja zrównoważonego marketingu. Koncentruje się ona na konieczności zaspokajania potrzeb z zyskiem, przy jednoczesnym tworzeniu, komunikowaniu i dostarczaniu wartości dla konsumentów, partnerów i społeczeństwa. Dążąc do kreowania wartości o charakterze społecznym, etycznym i/lub środowiskowym przy zachowaniu efektywności ekonomicznej marketing jest postrzegany jako aktywność umożliwiająca realizację koncepcji zrównoważonego rozwoju na poziomie przedsiębiorstwa. Artykuł wpisuje się w aktualną dyskusję na temat nowej koncepcji zarządzania, w tym koncepcji zarządzania marketingowego. Celem opracowania jest określenie wpływu koncepcji zrównoważonego rozwoju na charakter instrumentarium marketingowego oddziaływania współczesnych organizacji. Artykuł ma charakter przeglądowy i został przygotowany w oparciu o analizę najnowszej literatury przedmiotu.
Abstract	The growing importance of sustainable development concept finds its consequences in companies’ marketing policy, on both micro and macro level. A new concept of sustainable marketing has emerged. It focuses on the necessity of satisfying the needs with profit, while creating, communicating and delivering value for consumers, partners and the society. Therefore concentrating activities on achieving values of social, ethical and / or environmental character, while maintaining economic efficiency, marketing can be seen as an activity, which enables the implementation of sustainable development at a company level. The article fits into the current discussion on the new management concept, including marketing activities. The goal was to identify the impact of sustainable development on marketing tools of modern organizations. The article is a review and has been prepared based on an analysis of recent literature.
Cytowanie	Frąckiewicz E., Rudawska E., Wiścińska M. (2016) SUSTAINABLE MARKETING MIX – THE BASIC ASSUMPTIONS.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 15(64): 130-138
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2016_n64_s130.pdf

Autor	Łukasz Satoła
Tytuł	Wykorzystanie funduszy Unii Europejskiej na inwestycje komunalne a ograniczanie zadłużenia samorządów
Title	THE USE OF EUROPEAN UNION FUNDS FOR MUNICIPAL INVESTMENTS AND LIMITING DEBT OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
Słowa kluczowe	ekonomia sektora publicznego, fundusze strukturalne, gmina, polityka regionalna, sytuacja finansowa gmin, zadłużenie
Key words	public sector economics, structural funds, municipality, regional policy, financial situation of municipalities, debt
Abstrakt	Integracja europejska w znaczącym stopniu zmieniła warunki funkcjonowania jednostek samorządu terytorialnego głównie za sprawą dostępności funduszy strukturalnych. Obecnie wiele podejmowanych przez gminy działań, szczególnie inwestycyjnych odbywa się przy udziale dofinansowania w ramach instrumentów polityki regionalnej UE. Pozyskane fundusze z jednej strony stanowią wsparcie dla lokalnych budżetów, z drugiej zaś powodują wzrost wydatków, które często finansowane są z kredytów. Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja relacji zachodzących pomiędzy zrealizowanymi przy wsparciu finansowym inwestycjami komunalnymi a nowo wprowadzonymi wskaźnikami zadłużenia. Polskie gminy cechowało duże zróżnicowanie poziomu wykorzystania funduszy UE. Nowe limity zadłużenia mogą ograniczać zdolności absorpcyjne samorządów w konsekwencji spłat odsetek od zaciąganych w przeszłości zobowiązań.
Abstract	European integration has significantly changed the conditions for the functioning of local government units mainly due to the availability of structural funds. Nowadays, many activities undertaken by the communities, especially the investment is carried out with the participation of co-financing within the EU regional policy instruments. The obtained funds give not only support to local budgets, but also cause an increase in expenditures, which are often financed with loans. The aim of the article is to identify the relations between municipal investments realized with the financial support and the newly introduced debt indicators. Polish municipalities differed significantly among the utilization of EU funds. New debt limits may reduce the absorption capacity of local governments as a consequence of interest payments on loans taken out in the past.
Cytowanie	Satoła Ł. (2016) Wykorzystanie funduszy Unii Europejskiej na inwestycje komunalne a ograniczanie zadłużenia samorządów.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 15(64): 139-148
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2016_n64_s139.pdf

Autor	Maria Sławińska
Tytuł	CHANGES TO RETAIL BUSINESS MODELS - OVERVIEW OF THE DETERMINING FACTORS
Title	Uwarunkowania zmian modeli biznesowych w handlu detalicznym
Słowa kluczowe	modele biznesu, handel detaliczny, format sklepu, innowacje w handlu, konkurencja, zachowania nabywców
Key words	business models, retailing, store format, innovation in commerce, competition, buyer behaviour
Abstrakt	Modele biznesu w handlu detalicznym zarówno w odniesieniu do funkcjonowania całego przedsiębiorstwa, jak i poszczególnych typów jednostek handlowych ulegają zmianom w warunkach współczesnej gospodarki. Ma to związek z rosnącą konkurencją, zmianami zachowań i oczekiwań klientów, globalizacją gospodarki, dostępnością i rozwojem nowych technologii informacyjnych. W artykule przedstawiono istotę i podstawowe elementy modeli biznesowych w handlu detalicznym, wskazano na kierunki ich ewolucji oraz dokonano identyfikacji determinant i trendów w kształtowaniu modeli biznesowych firm handlowych. Z przeprowadzonej analizy wynika, że sektor handlu detalicznego cechuje się dużą innowacyjnością, ale zmiany modeli biznesowych mają charakter ewolucyjny. Polegają one głównie na wprowadzaniu nowych rozwiązań w zakresie formatów sklepów, współpracy w kanałach dystrybucji, zmianach oferty asortymentowo-usługowej, stosowaniu technologii mobilnych.
Abstract	Retail business models, both with respect to overall retail operations, as well as individual types of retail organisations, are undergoing transformation brought on by the current economic environment. This can be attributed to growing competition, changes to customer behaviour and expectations, globalisation, as well as the availability and development of new information technologies. This paper outlines the essence and fundamental components of retail business models, indicates the probable directions in which those models may evolve and identifies the determining factors and trends that shape the business models applied by retailers. In her analysis the author has demonstrated that although the retail sector eagerly embraces innovation, any changes to business models are evolutionary in their nature. They mainly involve the introduction of new solutions in terms of store formats, cooperation within the distribution channels, changes to the range of products and services offered and the use of mobile technologies.
Cytowanie	Sławińska M. (2016) CHANGES TO RETAIL BUSINESS MODELS - OVERVIEW OF THE DETERMINING FACTORS.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 15(64): 149-160
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2016_n64_s149.pdf

Autor	Katarzyna Andrzejczak, Łucja Przysiecka
Tytuł	Genetic Technology Transfer to Kenyan Agriculture in the Context of Biotechnology Research
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	technology development, biotechnology, research and development, Sub-Saharan Africa, GMO, Cartagena Protocol, technology transfer
Abstrakt
Abstract	Technology development is a crucial issue for economic development in Sub-Saharan African countries. In this paper current research on biotechnology and the potential of biotechnology absorption in Kenya is analyzed. The institutional character, areas of research and funding mechanisms of the research institutions contributing to agriculture sector technological advancements were examined in the context of local farmer’s needs. Also factors, such as legal framework and cultural and social values for the biotechnology research in the region were explored. Literature review and the qualitative analysis of data on research facilities and the papers from the region were applied in the research. OLS correlation method was applied in the analysis of the data.
Cytowanie	Andrzejczak K., Przysiecka Ł. (2016) Genetic Technology Transfer to Kenyan Agriculture in the Context of Biotechnology Research.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 44-54
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s44.pdf

Autor	Ewa Bąk-Filipek
Tytuł	Changes in Polish Foreign Trade of Cattle Livestock and Beef
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	export, import, foreign trade, livestock, beef, Poland
Abstrakt
Abstract	The main objective of the study was to analyse the changes and the conditions of foreign traded beef. The economic and political situation has had an impact on Poland’s foreign trade of agricultural food products. The main factors affecting international trade, and which have significantly decreased the growth rate of exports and imports of animal products, are the following: decreased oil prices and exchange rate fluctuations, uncertainties related to the conflict in Ukraine, restrictions in trade with Russia, destabilisation in the Middle East and concerns about the future of the euro zone.
Cytowanie	Bąk-Filipek E. (2016) Changes in Polish Foreign Trade of Cattle Livestock and Beef.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 55-64
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s55.pdf

Autor	Agnieszka Borowska
Tytuł	Changes and Evolutions of Beekeeping Sector in Poland between 2010-2015, in the Context of EU Adhesion
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	beekeeping sector, beekeepers, bee colonies, colonies, honey production
Abstrakt
Abstract	Changes in the beekeeping sector in Poland in the years 2010 to 2015 with particular focus on regional differences are discussed. The situation of amateur and professional beekeepers in terms of their socioeconomic statuses with regard to number of bee colonies, productivity, number of hives per 1 km sq., losses in the bee colonies is presented. The main sources of information, including the Central Statistical Office (CSO), FAOSTAT 2016, the reports and studies of S. Pieniążek Research Institute of Pomology and Floriculture in Skierniewice Division of Apiculture in Puławy, the materials of the Polish Association of Beekeepers. The comparative and descriptive methods have been applied in the analysis of the research problem. The article shows who is the beekeepers, how is the situation in the number and structure of bee colonies by province, inform about average size of an apiary, and density of honeybee colonies (number of colonies per 2 km sq.). The fragmentation of apiaries in Poland is a factor that has direct impact on the low profitability of production, while the associated high costs, small scale of production, and lack of investment capital, significantly reduce the economic results and hinder further development.
Cytowanie	Borowska A. (2016) Changes and Evolutions of Beekeeping Sector in Poland between 2010-2015, in the Context of EU Adhesion.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 74-85
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s74.pdf

Autor	Agnieszka Brelik
Tytuł	Economic Activity of Farms Against Farms Countries of the European Union
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	rural area, other gainful activity, agricultural farm
Abstrakt
Abstract	The development of an economic activity has been considered as a driving force for economic development, creating a chance to remove the rural population outside the agricultural sector. This article presents an analysis of the development of non-agricultural activities on farms in Poland and other countries in the European Union. A spatial variation in entrepreneurial farms in the EU in the years 2005, 2007 and 2010 indicated the dominant form of non-agricultural activities.
Cytowanie	Brelik A. (2016) Economic Activity of Farms Against Farms Countries of the European Union.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 86-91
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s86.pdf

Autor	Katarzyna Czech
Tytuł	Structural Changes in Wheat Market
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	agricultural commodity, wheat market, structural breaks, Bai-Perron test
Abstrakt
Abstract	Time series analysis is based on the assumption of stationarity. Stationarity implies the parameters are constant over time. Structural break occurs when at least one of the parameters changes at some date. Structural breaks can lead to huge forecasting errors and unreliability of the model. Modelling structure breaks is very popular in the literature of macroeconomics and finance. However, there are still too few publications about structural breaks in agricultural market. The goal of research is to identify structural breaks in wheat prices time series. A few structural break tests are applied. It has been shown that there is at least one significant structural break in the analysed time series. Both Quandt-Andrews and Bai-Perron tests show that there is a significant breakpoint in 12.09.2007. The estimated break date is associated with the beginning of global financial crisis. It may imply that wheat prices have become more prone to changes in global financial market.
Cytowanie	Czech K. (2016) Structural Changes in Wheat Market.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 92-98
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s92.pdf

Autor	Pinar Göktaş
Tytuł	Can Unprocessed Food Prices Really Be One of the Main Responsible Causes for not Achieving Inflation Targets in Turkey?
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	unprocessed food price index, processed food price index, food price index, GARCH-type volatility forecasting models, VAR Granger causality/block exogeneity wald tests, inflation targeting, Turkey
Abstrakt
Abstract	Parallel to international conjecture, as of 2006 food prices, particularly those of unprocessed foods, have displayed high levels of fluctuation and it is know that these fluctuations have increased in more recent years. In the explanations and reports issued by economic circles and fiscal authorities, it is frequently emphasized that fluctuations seen in food prices result in negative influences on inflation and particularly the fluctuations observed in unprocessed foods create serious uncertainties by making inflation forecasting quite difficult. In the current study, whether there is some kind of interaction between 2006:01-2016:03 inflation realizations in Turkey and food prices, processed and unprocessed food prices and uncertainties obtained by using GARCH-type volatility forecasting models was analyzed through VAR Granger causality tests.The findings obtained in the current study support the explanations of economic circles to a great extent.
Cytowanie	Göktaş P. (2016) Can Unprocessed Food Prices Really Be One of the Main Responsible Causes for not Achieving Inflation Targets in Turkey?.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 99-114
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s99.pdf

Autor	Vitalii Boiko, Yurij Hubeni, Petro Olishchuk
Tytuł	Tools and Mechanisms for Rural Area Development in the State Economic Security Policy System
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	rural areas, economic security, social and economic development, state economic security policy, economic mechanism, diversification
Abstrakt
Abstract	The article studies the regional-sectoral dimension of the correlation between the development of rural areas and the economic security of the state. The structural approaches are determined by the positioning of the economic mechanism of rural area development in the system of state economic security. The paper identifies key risks and describes their destabilizing impact on rural area development in the context of the economic, social and environmental spheres. A set of tools and mechanisms are worked out to stimulate the development of rural areas within the framework of the state policy of economic security; these the key mechanisms are administrative and management, organizational and economic, socio-humanitarian, logistics and infrastructural, and environmental protection.
Cytowanie	Boiko V., Hubeni Y., Olishchuk P. (2016) Tools and Mechanisms for Rural Area Development in the State Economic Security Policy System.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 131-139
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s131.pdf

Autor	Aneta Jarosz-Angowska, Magdalena Kąkol
Tytuł	Comparative Analysis of Support to Agriculture in the QUAD Countries in 1986-2014
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	subsidies, agriculture, European Union, United States, Japan, Canada
Abstrakt
Abstract	The purpose of this paper is a comparative analysis of support provided to agriculture sector by the QUAD countries in 1986-2014. The authors examined the changes in levels and structures of this support and tried to assess it from the point of view of its impact on the QUAD economies and markets. In the analysis conducted there were used especially the OECD data and indexes measuring state support to agriculture including: Total Support Estimate, Producer Support Estimate, General Services Support Estimate and Consumer Support Estimate. In the last three decades in all the examined economies, there has been a reduction in agricultural support in relation to GDP, although no distinct change has occurred in terms of the amount of aid in absolute terms (in the US its value even increased almost twice). As regards the changes in structure of support, the most favorable tendencies took place in the European Union where the market price support (MPS), i.e. the most distorting aid to the functioning of the market mechanism, was significantly reduced. One can also positively assess the support structure in the United States where about half of the agricultural budget is earmarked to consumers. Canada has very good economic outcomes as regard the agriculture sector even though it allocates the least amount of financial resources to support agriculture in relation to GDP among all the QUAD economies. However, despite a large part of this support is in the form of general services (GSSE), the country is characterized by an unfavorable trend of increasing expenditure on price support. Throughout the period considered the most harmful support policy from the point of view of market competition was led by Japan though it has affected to a lesser extent the functioning of international agri-food markets due to the lower importance of Japanese agricultural production and exports in the world economy in comparison to the EU and the US.
Cytowanie	Jarosz-Angowska A., Kąkol M. (2016) Comparative Analysis of Support to Agriculture in the QUAD Countries in 1986-2014.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 140-154
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s140.pdf

Autor	Elżbieta Kacperska
Tytuł	Foreign Direct Investment in World Economy
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	foreign direct investment, world economy, European Union
Abstrakt
Abstract	Some of the phenomena dynamically developing in global economy in recent years are capital flows in the form of foreign direct investment. The investment takes different forms and is a way of economic development desired by most countries in the world. The article aims to present tendencies occurring in global FDI flows and define their types and geographical structure.
Cytowanie	Kacperska E. (2016) Foreign Direct Investment in World Economy.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 155-168
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s155.pdf

Autor	Oksana Kiforenko
Tytuł	Agroholdings as the Subjects of the Economy Globalization – the Example of Ukraine
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	agroholdings, globalization, agriculture, production, export, market, grain
Abstrakt
Abstract	The objective of the paper is to define the factors that contribute to the development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine’s economy, to analyze the places Ukraine takes in the world rankings of agricultural production and export and the share of the agricultural and food industry products in the total exports volume of Ukraine, to define the main markets for Ukrainian agricultural products, to identify the role agroholdings play in the functioning of the Ukrainian agricultural sector, to define the main factors that contributed to the emergence and development of the agroholdings in Ukraine and to make the list of the most profitable agroholdings in Ukraine. The following general scientific and specific economic methods were used in the paper: the statistical analysis methods, the method of ratings, the information – computer methods, the critical analysis method, the monographic method, the case study method and the graphical method.
Cytowanie	Kiforenko O. (2016) Agroholdings as the Subjects of the Economy Globalization – the Example of Ukraine.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 169-178
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s169.pdf

Autor	Elwira Laskowska, Sevak Torgomyan
Tytuł	The Role of Government in the Housing Market
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	housing markets, government intervention, subsidy, taxation, renting, transaction costs and procedures
Abstrakt
Abstract	Nowadays one of the most intensely debated subjects in economics is government intervention in real estate market. Proponents of the free market system assert that government intervention should be strongly limited still others assert there are well-grounded reasons for government intervention. In this article the most common methods and forms of government intervention in real estate market such as legislation, subsidies, taxation, zoning, rent control, minimum and maximum price policies, licensing of market participants, transaction costs and procedures, banking system, restrictions on the involvement of financial institutions in real estate market have been observed. In practice, each government uses these intervention methods with the choice of method depending on factors such as the political slant of the government, the levels of economic and institutional development, et cetera. Some countries even issue residence permit and citizenship foreigners who invest in the housing market. We find government intervention necessary, given the unique characteristics of real estate and the role that it plays in economic and social progress.
Cytowanie	Laskowska E., Torgomyan S. (2016) The Role of Government in the Housing Market.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 205-212
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s205.pdf

Autor	Musa Hasen, Kaleab Kebede, Hiwot Mekonnen, Bosena Tegegne
Tytuł	Farmer’s Perception of Soil and Water Conservation Practices in Eastern Hararghe, Ethiopia
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	perception, soil and water conservation, generalized linear model, Ethiopia
Abstrakt
Abstract	The perception of farmers is an important part of their decision-making. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the perception of farmers towards soil and water conservation and the socio-economic determinants. The knowledge would help understand farmers decision whether to adopt soil and water conservation practices or not. This paper analyses the perception of farmers towards SWC by taking a sample of 240 farmers from Eastern Hararghe, Ethiopia. Descriptive statistics and generalized linear model are used to describe the data and identify the important factors influencing farmer’s perception respectively. On average, Sample farmers are found to have a good understanding of soil and water conservation with standard deviations ranging from 0.615 to 1.551. The factors that positively determined the perception of farmers in the study area are; training, plot size and number of ploughing. Manure application and plot distance affected perception negatively. Following the results, we recommend extension agents in the area to provide continuous trainings and advice farmers to follow up on their land, especially to those who are far from their plots.
Cytowanie	Hasen M., Kebede K., Mekonnen H., Tegegne B. (2016) Farmer’s Perception of Soil and Water Conservation Practices in Eastern Hararghe, Ethiopia.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 232-239
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s232.pdf

Autor	Maria Parlińska, Piotr Pomichowski
Tytuł	Evaluation of Human Capital in Selected EU Countries Using Cluster Analysis
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	human capital, cluster analysis, k-medoid method
Abstrakt
Abstract	The study evaluates the quality of human capital on the basis of the Eurostat data. There was also prepared a short bibliography review of the previous research which indicates various definitions of the term human capital. To evaluate its quality in selected EU countries. There was used cluster analysis – the k-medoid method. The analysis was performed for three periods: 2008, 2011 and 2014. The selected states were divided into 4 clusters, and Norway constitute a single-element group. In the other cases, it may be stated that the quality of capital may be determined through the joint economic past or historical traditions.
Cytowanie	Parlińska M., Pomichowski P. (2016) Evaluation of Human Capital in Selected EU Countries Using Cluster Analysis.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 253-259
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s253.pdf

Autor	Felix Arion, Iulia Mureşan, Andra Poruţiu, Olga Stefko
Tytuł	Considerations Regarding a Comparative Economic Approach on Corn and Wheat Crops on a Representative Soil in Romania
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	corn crops, economic optimization, fertilization systems, nitrogen-phosphorous interaction, wheat crops.
Abstrakt
Abstract	The research refers on the production results obtained on corn crops (Turda STAR Variety) and wheat crops (Dumbrava variety) (cultivated following corn crops) conducted on an argyle chernozem soil in Cluj County, Romania. The study exhibits the differentiated fertilization systems (the effect of the nitrogen-phosphorous interaction) involved in obtaining high productions of wheat and corn in the reference area. For corn crops the rate of return, as a mean of all the values that derive from all nitrogen-phosphorous combinations was at a very high level, 80%, with a maximum of the individual values reached at the fertilizing combination N200P160, at which the value of the production increase due to the applied dose, reached the maximum value (6041kg/ha). For wheat crops the rate of return, as a mean of all the values that derive from all nitrogen-phosphorous combinations was at a medium level, 58%, with a maximum of the individual values reached at the fertilizing combination N200P80, at which the value of the production increase due to the applied dose, reached the maximum value (2658kg/ha). Corn is not as sensitive as wheat to an imbalanced nitrogen-phosphorous (NP) ratio and responds to this through high productions even for nitrogen (N) overdoses that can sustain high and economic corn grain productions per surface unit.
Cytowanie	Arion F., Mureşan I., Poruţiu A., Stefko O. (2016) Considerations Regarding a Comparative Economic Approach on Corn and Wheat Crops on a Representative Soil in Romania.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 272-280
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s272.pdf

Autor	Łukasz Popławski, Agnieszka Thier
Tytuł	Problems of Water Management in Agriculture in the World
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	crisis of water supply, water deficit, retention of rainwater, irrigation of agricultural areas, overexploitation of water resources, risk of food crisis
Abstrakt
Abstract	In connection with the frequent occurrence of water deficit in Central Poland and the growth of the phenomena of droughts and stepping formation (and desertification in southern Europe), the studies undertaken by hydrologists and representatives of agricultural scientists should be extended and stepping formation and desertification economics should be separated in these studies. Therefore, the evaluation of the management strategies in the conditions of water deficit, undertaken in agriculture, power engineering and other sectors of the economy as well as the search of suitable sources of water management financing should be brought to the forefront as they are specific in Poland due to functioning of ecological funds.
Cytowanie	Popławski Ł., Thier A. (2016) Problems of Water Management in Agriculture in the World.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 293-300
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s293.pdf

Autor	Mykola Orlykovskyi, Natalia Poprozman, Mirosław Wasilewski, Lesia Zaburanna
Tytuł	Methodological Aspects of Creating the System of Indicators of Crisis Prevention as the Foundation for Stabilization of Agricultural Production Based on Ukrainian Experience
Title
Słowa kluczowe
Key words	indicators of crisis, agricultural production, stabilization, crisis prevention, economic development, agrarian economy
Abstrakt
Abstract	The article deals with the methodological principles of determining the indicators of the economic development of agricultural production, which are based on the requirements of the EU Common Agricultural Policy and which will identify the possibility of crises both in agriculture and its sub-sectors, as well as the national economy as a whole. The system which is reacting to the crisis indicators and allows assessment of the stability of economic development of agricultural production was proposed. Analytical approaches to diagnosis prehistory development and identify indicators – reacting to the crisis indicators by analyzing and evaluating indexes of dynamics in periods of stability (relatively stable path of development) and the crisis (sharp kink economic dynamics) and graphically analytical method of determination. For sectors show synthetic indicators (agricultural production, the level of monetization of the economy, import-export ratio) that serve as functional criteria for identify in previous periods of force majeure or crisis as precursor’s crisis.
Cytowanie	Orlykovskyi M., Poprozman N., Wasilewski M., Zaburanna L. (2016) Methodological Aspects of Creating the System of Indicators of Crisis Prevention as the Foundation for Stabilization of Agricultural Production Based on Ukrainian Experience.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 308-321
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s308.pdf

Autor	Paweł Boczar
Tytuł	Znaczenie gospodarcze soi oraz możliwości rozwoju jej produkcji w Polsce
Title	The Economic Importance of Soybean and Possibility of Expanding its Production in Poland
Słowa kluczowe	soja, produkcja, eksport, import, wykorzystanie, koszty produkcji
Key words	soybeans, production, export, import, utilization, production costs
Abstrakt	Soja jest jedną z najstarszych oraz najbardziej wartościowych roślin uprawnych na świecie. Swoją popularność zawdzięcza wysokiej wartości użytkowej nasion jak również korzystnemu wpływowi na glebę i rośliny następcze. Celem artykułu była charakterystyka znaczenia gospodarczego soi oraz wskazanie wybranych czynników decydujących o możliwości rozszerzenia jej produkcji w Polsce. Scharakteryzowano udział soi i produktów jej przerobu na tle produkcji, eksportu oraz zużycia surowców i śrut oleistych oraz olejów roślinnych na świecie oraz w Polsce. Jednym z głównych czynników decydujących o podjęciu produkcji danej uprawy jest opłacalność produkcji, na którą wpływ mają między innymi koszty produkcji. Dlatego dla zobrazowania opłacalności produkcji przedstawiono koszty produkcji soi w wybranych gospodarstwach głównych producentów i eksporterów soi na świecie w tym Polsce.
Abstract	Soybean is one of the oldest and most valuable crop plants grown in the world. It owes popularity to its use-value as well as its positive influence on soil and successive plants. The aim of this article is to characterize the economic importance of soybean as well as determine selected factors influencing the possibility of expanding its production in Poland. The share of soybean and its processed products was characterized in comparison with production, exports and use of oil seeds, meal and vegetable oils in the world and in Poland. One of the main factors influencing commencement of a given crop production is how production costs (among others) affect crop profitability. Therefore, in order to show the production profitability, soybean production costs were presented in the selected farms of main producers and soybean exporters in the world as well as Poland.
Cytowanie	Boczar P. (2016) Znaczenie gospodarcze soi oraz możliwości rozwoju jej produkcji w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 3: 35-48
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n3_s35.pdf