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Autor	Robert Mroczek
Tytuł	Rynek mięsa w Polsce w dobie koronawirusa SARS-Cov-2
Title	The Meat Market in Poland in the Era of the SARS-Cov-2 Coronavirus
Słowa kluczowe	rynek, handel, eksport, import, przemysł mięsny, produkcja, konsumpcja, ceny
Key words	market, trade, export, import, meet industry, production, consumption, prices
Abstrakt	Celem niniejszego opracowania była ocena wpływu wirusa SARS-CoV-2 na rynek mięsa w Polsce. Rynek mięsa jest ważną częścią polskiej gospodarki. Produkcja żywca rzeźnego (wieprzowego, wołowego oraz drobiowego) stanowi ponad 1/3 produkcji towarowej rolniczej, a przemysł mięsny (mięsa czerwonego i drobiowego) jest największym działem przetwórstwa spożywczego. Pandemia COVID-19, która dotarła także do Polski nie zachwiała w znaczący sposób tym rynkiem. Oznaką wprowadzonych obostrzeń w życiu społecznym i gospodarczym był krótkotrwały zmasowany wykup żywności o przedłużonym terminie przydatności do spożycia. Lockdown zmienił nieco nawyki żywieniowe oraz zakupowe Polaków. W I połowie 2020 roku eksport mięsa wołowego oraz drobiowego zmniejszył się o 3-5%, a o 28% spadł eksport mięsa wieprzowego w porównaniu z I połową 2019 roku. Rynek mięsa borykał się w dalszym ciągu z afrykańskim pomorem świń (ASF) oraz dodatkowo ptasią grypą. Najbardziej poszkodowaną częścią rynku został segment HoReCa.
Abstract	The aim of this study was to assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 virus on the meat market in Poland. The meat market is an important part of the Polish economy. Production of slaughter animals (pork, beef and poultry) accounts for over 1/3 of agricultural commodity production, and the meat industry (red meat and poultry) is the largest branch of food processing. The COVID-19 pandemic, which also reached Poland, did not significantly shake this market. A sign of the introduced restrictions in social and economic life was a short-term massive purchase of food with an extended shelf life. Lockdown slightly changed the eating and shopping habits of Poles. In the first half of 2020, exports of beef and poultry decreased by 3-5%, and exports of pork decreased by 28% compared to the first half of 2019. The meat market continued to struggle with African Swine Fever (ASF) and, in addition, with bird flu. The HoReCa segment was the most affected part of the market.
Cytowanie	Mroczek R. (2020) Rynek mięsa w Polsce w dobie koronawirusa SARS-Cov-2.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 20(35), z. 3: 53-65
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2020_T20(35)_n3_s53.pdf

Autor	Kamil Decyk
Tytuł	Potencjał produkcyjny sektora usług w krajach członkowskich Unii Europejskiej
Title	PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF SERVICE SECTOR IN EU MEMBER STATES
Słowa kluczowe	potencjał produkcyjny, produktywność, sektor usług, kraje członkowskie UE
Key words	production potential, productivity, services sector, EU member states
Abstrakt	Zaprezentowane w artykule wynik badań własnych bazują na danych wtórnych pozyskanych z europejskiej bazy – Eurostat. Treści przedstawione w opracowaniu dotyczą problematyki szeroko rozumianej produktywności sektora usług, stanowiącej część badań, które w pełnym podejściu badawczym poszerzone są jeszcze o aspekt innowacyjności ww. sektora. W nawiązaniu do poruszanej w badaniach tematyki, za problem badawczy przyjęto rolę i znaczenie sektora usług w gospodarkach państw Unii Europejskiej w XXI w. W tej perspektywie jednym z celów prowadzonych badań była m.in. identyfikacja potencjału produkcyjnego charakteryzującego sektor usług państw członkowskich Unii Europejskiej. Do realizacji ww. celu wykorzystano wspomnianą metodę analizy danych wtórnych, przegląd literatury krajowej i zagranicznej z zakresu omawianej tematyki, a także metody statystyczne w postaci statystyki podstawowej (średnia arytmetyczna, odchylenie standardowe), które szczególne zastosowanie miały podczas agregowania państw do grup o określonym potencjale produkcyjnym sektorów usług. Rozpatrując wszystkie wskaźniki potencjału produkcyjnego analizowane w artykule (liczba przedsiębiorstw, liczba zatrudnionych, wartość produkcji) wśród krajów UE, sektorem usług o najwyższym potencjale produkcyjnym charakteryzowały się: Francja, Wielka Brytania, Niemcy, Włochy, Niemcy oraz Hiszpania – z wyjątkiem wartości produkcji. Polska zaklasyfikowana została do państw o średnim potencjale z wyjątkiem wskaźnika określającego wartość produkcji – poziom niski.
Abstract	This study addresses widely understood issues regarding productivity in the service sector and also extends to aspects of innovativeness within the sector. Results of the research presented in the article are based on secondary data gathered from the European base of statistical knowledge – Eurostat. The research also aims to evaluate the role and meaning of the service sector in national economies of EU countries in the 21st century. From this perspective, one of the goals was to identify the production potential within the service sectors of EU members. Methods used to achieve this goal included secondary data analysis, a review of domestic and foreign literature on the subject and basic statistical methods (standard deviation, arithmetic average), especially when aggregating countries into groups by specific production potential of service sectors. Taking into consideration all the indicators of production potential, which were analysed in the study (number of enterprises, number of people hired, value of production) for EU countries, the service sectors which had the highest production potential were found within: France, Great Britain, Germany, Italy and Spain – with the exception of production value. Poland was classified into the group of countries with average potential, except for the indicator identifying the value of production, which had a low level.
Cytowanie	Decyk K. (2020) Potencjał produkcyjny sektora usług w krajach członkowskich Unii Europejskiej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 24(73): 54-69
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2020_n73_s54.pdf

Autor	Agnieszka Cyburt, Agnieszka Gałecka
Tytuł	THE EFFICIENCY OF PRODUCTION FACTORS ON AGRICULTURAL FARMS OF THE VISEGRAD GROUP
Title	Efektywność wykorzystania czynników produkcji w gospodarstwach rolniczych państw grupy wyszehradzkiej
Słowa kluczowe	effectiveness, agricultural farms, FADN, Visegrad Group
Key words	efektywność, gospodarstwa rolne, FADN, grupa Wyszehradzka
Abstrakt	The objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the use of production factors on farms of the Visegrad Group countries. The research covered farms participating in the European system for collecting accounting data from FADN (Farm Accountancy Data Network) farms. Under the main objective, an assessment was made of the productivity and profitability of land, labour and capital. The research period covered the years 2014-2017. Based on the analyses that was conducted, it was found that the most effective use of land resources was on farms in Hungary and Poland, and the least effective in Slovakia. Considering labour and capital productivity, the highest results were achieved by farms in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, while the lowest by Polish farms. On the other hand, Hungarian farms were characterized by the highest profitability of labour and return on assets, where the analysed indicators were higher than the EU average.
Abstract	Celem opracowania było określenie efektywności wykorzystania czynników produkcji w gospodarstwach rolniczych państw Grupy Wyszehradzkiej. Badaniami objęte zostały gospodarstwa uczestniczące w europejskim systemie zbierania danych rachunkowych z gospodarstw rolnych FADN (Farm Accountancy Data Network). W ramach celu głównego dokonano oceny produktywności i dochodowości ziemi, pracy i kapitału. Okres badawczy obejmował lata 2014-2017. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych analiz stwierdzono, że najefektywniej zasoby ziemi były wykorzystywane na Węgrzech i w Polsce, zaś najmniej efektywnie na Słowacji. Biorąc pod uwagę produktywność pracy i kapitału najwyższe wyniki osiągnęły gospodarstwa z Czech i Słowacji, zaś najniższe gospodarstwa polskie. Natomiast najwyższą dochodowością pracy i majątku charakteryzowały się gospodarstw węgierskie, gdzie analizowane wskaźniki były wyższe od średniej w UE.
Cytowanie	Cyburt A., Gałecka A. (2020) THE EFFICIENCY OF PRODUCTION FACTORS ON AGRICULTURAL FARMS OF THE VISEGRAD GROUP.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 24(73): 70-80
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2020_n73_s70.pdf

Autor	Szymon Głowacki, Jarosław Gołębiewski, Taras Hutsol, Serhii Kiurchev, Oleksandr Kolodii, Oleg Kucher, Yevgen Mykhailov, Tomasz Nurek, Nadiia Palianychka, Valentуna Verkholantseva, Natali Zadosna
Tytuł	Ekonomiczna i techniczna efektywność obróbki nasion słonecznika
Title	Economic and Technical Efficiency of Sunflower Seed Treatment
Słowa kluczowe	słonecznik, nasiona słonecznika, produkcja, oczyszczanie, wydajność, Ukraina
Key words	sunflower, sunflower seed, production, purification, efficiency, Ukraine
Abstrakt	W monografii przedstawiono analizę fizyczną i mechanicznąwłaściwości oleju słonecznikowego, środki techniczne obróbki pożniwnej upraw oraz wyniki badań pneumatycznych i pneumatycznych urządzeń grawitacyjnych. Pzredstawiono analizę analizę produkcji słonecznika na Ukrainie, wyposażenie techniczne do pozbiorczego przerobu nasion słonecznika, wyniki badań teoretycznych procesów oddzielania zanieczyszczeń separowanych powietrzem, aspekty metodyczne badań urządzeń doświadczalnych, wyniki badań laboratoryjnych i terenowych oraz praktyczne zastosowanie wyników badań a także ocenę ich efektywności ekonomicznej. Niniejsza monografia skierowana jest do naukowców, nauczycieli, studentów i innych grup czytelników związanych z agrobiznesem.
Abstract	The monograph presents the analysis of the physical and mechanicalproperties of sunflower oil, technical means of post-harvest processing of crops, and the results of pneumatic and pneumatic gravity devices studies. The analysis of sunflower seeds production in Ukraine, the technical equipment of the post-harvest sunflower seeds processing, theoretical studies of the separation process of air separated impurities, the methodical aspects of the experimental device's research, the results of laboratory and field research on experimental devices, practical application of the conducted research results and their economic efficiency evaluation are described. This monograph is aimed at scientists, teachers, students, and other categories of readers related to the activities of the agro-industrial complex.
Cytowanie	Głowacki S., Gołębiewski J., Hutsol T., Kiurchev S., Kolodii O., Kucher O., Mykhailov Y., Nurek T., Palianychka N., Verkholantseva V., Zadosna N. (2020) Ekonomiczna i techniczna efektywność obróbki nasion słonecznika.
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Pełny tekst	MONO_2020_ymykhailov_economic_and_technical.pdf

Autor	Łukasz Ambroziak
Tytuł	Wpływ pandemii COVID-19 na handel rolno-spożywczy Polski: pierwsze doświadczenia
Title	The Impact of the Pandemic COVID-19 on Agri-Food Trade of Poland: First Experiences
Słowa kluczowe	pandemia COVID-19, eksport, import, produkty rolno-spożywcze, Polska
Key words	pandemic COVID-19, export, import, agri-food products, Poland
Abstrakt	Wybuch pandemii COVID-19 na początku 2020 r. w sposób istotny zmienił uwarunkowania rozwoju wymiany handlowej produktami rolno-spożywczymi. Celem artykułu jest próba oceny wpływu pierwszych miesięcy pandemii COVID-19 na polski handel rolno-spożywczy. Analizy dokonano na podstawie niepublikowanych danych Ministerstwa Finansów, stosując metodę statystyczno-opisową. Z wstępnych danych handlowych za pierwsze półrocze 2020 r. wynikało, że poza nielicznymi wyjątkami polski eksport rolno-spożywczy dobrze radził sobie w okresie największych ograniczeń związanych z przemieszczaniem się ludności wprowadzonych wskutek pandemii COVID-19. Było to efektem m.in. tego, iż żywność jest produktem pierwszej potrzeby (tak, jak np. leki) i cechuje ją niższa elastyczność dochodowa popytu, a także relatywnie niewielkich zakłóceń w produkcji.
Abstract	The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic at the beginning of 2020 significantly changed the conditions for the development of trade in agri-food products. The aim of the article is to assess the impact of the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic on the agri-food trade of Poland. The analysis was based on unpublished data from the Ministry of Finance, using descriptive statistics method. Preliminary trade data for the first half of 2020 showed that with few expectations Polish agri-food exports performed well during lockdown, that is in the period of the greatest restrictions related to the movement of people introduced by the COVID-19 pandemic. It resulted, inter alia, from the fact that food is a basic necessity (such as e.g. medicines) and is characterized by lower income elasticity of demand, and also from relatively small disruptions in production.
Cytowanie	Ambroziak Ł. (2020) Wpływ pandemii COVID-19 na handel rolno-spożywczy Polski: pierwsze doświadczenia.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 20(35), z. 4: 5-17
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s5.pdf

Autor	Yuriy Hubeni, Oksana Krupa, Volodymyr Krupa, Sofiia Tsiolkovska
Tytuł	The Foreign Economic Vector of Agribusiness Activity in the Western Region of Ukraine
Title	The Foreign Economic Vector of Agribusiness Activity in the Western Region of Ukraine
Słowa kluczowe	foreign economic activity, agribusiness, international trade, export and import of agricultural products, Western region of Ukraine
Key words	foreign economic activity, agribusiness, international trade, export and import of agricultural products, Western region of Ukraine
Abstrakt	The article is devoted to researching peculiarities and trends of foreign economic activity of agribusinesses in the Western region of Ukraine according to the terms of the Ukraine-European Union Association Agreement. The authors discuss the theoretical essence of agribusiness, as a kind of entrepreneurship, and the nature of foreign economic activity of enterprises. The main conditions of free trade in agricultural products introduced by the terms of the Agreement are determined and their influence on agribusiness export-import operation dynamics in the Western economic region is analyzed. The contribution of certain regions to forming agrarian product export and import volume and structure is considered and the reasons for the considerable advantages of the Lviv region in foreign trade turnover of the Western region are elucidated. It was found that agribusiness cooperation with foreign partners is mainly realized by indirect methods through trade agency organizations or agrarian holding companies. The structure dynamics of production goods for export and import by agribusinesses was studied. Based on the results, some negative tendencies for the Ukrainian economy were noted. They include the preservation of raw exports with a high share of plant origin products and timber, and the predominance of ready-made products with high added value in the import structure. It was established that the Agreement and social political events in Ukraine changed the direction of some export-import flows of agribusiness from CIS countries towards the markets of the European Union and Asian countries. According to the scale of external trade operations with enterprises of the Western region of Ukraine, in general, and within certain trade groups, in particular, country-leaders are defined. Some positive and negative consequences of changes in the foreign economic activity vector are described. And finally, measures which will ensure an expansion and strengthening of Ukraine’s agribusiness presence on international market, are suggested.
Abstract	The article is devoted to researching peculiarities and trends of foreign economic activity of agribusinesses in the Western region of Ukraine according to the terms of the Ukraine-European Union Association Agreement. The authors discuss the theoretical essence of agribusiness, as a kind of entrepreneurship, and the nature of foreign economic activity of enterprises. The main conditions of free trade in agricultural products introduced by the terms of the Agreement are determined and their influence on agribusiness export-import operation dynamics in the Western economic region is analyzed. The contribution of certain regions to forming agrarian product export and import volume and structure is considered and the reasons for the considerable advantages of the Lviv region in foreign trade turnover of the Western region are elucidated. It was found that agribusiness cooperation with foreign partners is mainly realized by indirect methods through trade agency organizations or agrarian holding companies. The structure dynamics of production goods for export and import by agribusinesses was studied. Based on the results, some negative tendencies for the Ukrainian economy were noted. They include the preservation of raw exports with a high share of plant origin products and timber, and the predominance of ready-made products with high added value in the import structure. It was established that the Agreement and social political events in Ukraine changed the direction of some export-import flows of agribusiness from CIS countries towards the markets of the European Union and Asian countries. According to the scale of external trade operations with enterprises of the Western region of Ukraine, in general, and within certain trade groups, in particular, country-leaders are defined. Some positive and negative consequences of changes in the foreign economic activity vector are described. And finally, measures which will ensure an expansion and strengthening of Ukraine’s agribusiness presence on international market, are suggested.
Cytowanie	Hubeni Y., Krupa O., Krupa V., Tsiolkovska S. (2020) The Foreign Economic Vector of Agribusiness Activity in the Western Region of Ukraine.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 20(35), z. 4: 29-46
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s29.pdf

Autor	Agnieszka Parlinska, Yılmaz Toktaş
Tytuł	The Impact of the Real Effective Exchange Rate on Poland’s Food and Live Animal Exports
Title	The Impact of the Real Effective Exchange Rate on Poland’s Food and Live Animal Exports
Słowa kluczowe	exchange rate, ARDL bounds test analysis, time series analysis, food and live animal exports, cointegration
Key words	exchange rate, ARDL bounds test analysis, time series analysis, food and live animal exports, cointegration
Abstrakt	In this study, for the 2012M1-2020M1 period, the relationship between Poland’s real effective exchange rate and its food and animal exports were examined by the bounds test. The stationary analyses of variables were examined by the ADF and PP tests. According to the results of a cointegration test, a cointegration relation among the real effective exchange rate, food and live animal exports, as well as industrial production was determined. It was also concluded that the real effective exchange rate has a long-term negative impact on Poland's food and live animal exports. This research also established that a 1% increase in the real effective exchange rate in the long-term would decrease Poland's food and animal exports by 3.091%. Also, industrial production has a positive impact on Poland’s food and animal exports, as expected. It was determined that a 1% increase in industrial production would increase Poland’s food and animal exports by 2.803%. On the other hand, the error correction term coefficient was found to be -0.119, indicating that 11% of the imbalance in the short-term will be recovered in the next period.
Abstract	In this study, for the 2012M1-2020M1 period, the relationship between Poland’s real effective exchange rate and its food and animal exports were examined by the bounds test. The stationary analyses of variables were examined by the ADF and PP tests. According to the results of a cointegration test, a cointegration relation among the real effective exchange rate, food and live animal exports, as well as industrial production was determined. It was also concluded that the real effective exchange rate has a long-term negative impact on Poland's food and live animal exports. This research also established that a 1% increase in the real effective exchange rate in the long-term would decrease Poland's food and animal exports by 3.091%. Also, industrial production has a positive impact on Poland’s food and animal exports, as expected. It was determined that a 1% increase in industrial production would increase Poland’s food and animal exports by 2.803%. On the other hand, the error correction term coefficient was found to be -0.119, indicating that 11% of the imbalance in the short-term will be recovered in the next period.
Cytowanie	Parlinska A., Toktaş Y. (2020) The Impact of the Real Effective Exchange Rate on Poland’s Food and Live Animal Exports.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 20(35), z. 4: 47-57
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2020_T20(35)_n4_s47.pdf

Autor	Agnieszka Maciąg, Dagmara Stangierska
Tytuł	Assessment of the place of purchase of vegetables and fruits as expressed by consumers
Title	Ocena miejsca zakupu warzyw i owoców w opinii konsumentów
Słowa kluczowe	place of purchase, fruits and vegetables, consumers
Key words	miejsce zakupu, warzywa i owoce, konsumenci
Abstrakt	According to studies, Poland is the leader in the production of certain fruits and vegetables as well as certain food products. The development of discount chains is where the changes are visibly heading. The article presents the results of the most common places to buy fruits and vegetables. The research was carried out on a sample of 812 people. Research shows that consumers most often buy fruits and vegetables in super and hypermarkets, with supermarkets being chosen most often when purchasing all food products. The smallest percentage of respondents declared making food purchases in bazaars and markets. The place of purchase is an important factor for choosing food.
Abstract	Jak wynika z badań, Polska jest liderem w produkcji niektórych owoców i warzyw, a także producentem wybranej żywności. Najbardziej widoczny kierunek zmian stanowi rozwój sieci dyskontowych. W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki dotyczące najczęstszego miejsca zakupu żywności owoców i warzyw, które uzyskano na próbie 812 osób. Jak wynika z badań, konsumenci najczęściej kupują owoce i warzywa w super- i hipermarketach, markety natomiast są wybierane najczęściej w przypadku zakupu całej żywności. Najmniejszy odsetek respondentów dokonuje zakupu żywności na bazarach i targowiskach. Dla 70% respondentów miejsce zakupu jest istotnym czynnikiem decydującym o wyborze żywności.
Cytowanie	Maciąg A., Stangierska D.
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Pełny tekst	EIOL_2020_T5_n3_s57.pdf

Autor	Viktoriia Baidala, Vira Butenko, Olena Slavkova, Andrii Sukhostavets
Tytuł	STRATEGIC FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOECONOMY DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE
Title
Słowa kluczowe	bioeconomy, concept of the state strategy for the development of bioeconomy, innovative development
Key words
Abstrakt	The purpose of this study is to identify the global trends in bioeconomic development and to develop the Concept of a State Strategy of Bioeconomic Development in Ukraine for the period until 2030. The authors define the bioeconomy as a set of industries that ensure the sustainable use of renewable resources, the use of biotechnologies for production while reducing the potential environmental damage, contributing to the innovative development of relevant sectors, and providing positive aspects of socio-economic development. The article formulates approaches to measuring the state and effectiveness of the bioeconomic development in Ukraine and the EU countries. Based on the analysis of world experience, it is concluded that to accelerate the development of the bioeconomy in Ukraine, it is necessary to develop the Strategy for the development of the bioeconomy in Ukraine. The conceptual foundations of such a Strategy have been developed by the authors of the article. The results of the study are the basis for the development and implementation of the State Strategy for the Development of Bioeconomy in Ukraine. The relevance of this study is determined by the absence of the Bioeconomic Development Strategy in Ukraine, which makes it difficult for the country to reach a new technological and innovative level of development. At the same time, the development and implementation of this Strategy will help Ukraine enter the international system of production of new knowledge and technologies.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Baidala V., Butenko V., Slavkova O., Sukhostavets A.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2020_n4_s30.pdf

Autor	Liubov Hutsalenko, Olena Kolesnikova, Uliana Marchuk, Serhiy Zabolotnyy
Tytuł	THE HACCP SYSTEM AS A GUARANTEE FOR FOOD SAFETY IN UKRAINE
Title
Słowa kluczowe	management system, HACCP, Critical Control Point (CPC)
Key words
Abstrakt	The research points out the principal concept of the HACCP system, ensuring product safety along the whole food chain 'from the field to the table'. It focuses on HACCP as the food safety management system that proved to be effective and has been accepted globally. In recent years the HACCP system has been gradually introduced in Ukrainian business entities. The article reveals the emergence of the HACCP system and the adaptation of the legal base of Ukraine in the area of food safety requirements. It provides evidence that the harmonization of Ukrainian and international standards in the field of food quality and safety calls for the necessity to introduce HACCP-conforming technologies at all stages of production in Ukrainian companies. The results of the audits of food product safety in Ukraine for the period 2016-2019 were evaluated.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Hutsalenko L., Kolesnikova O., Marchuk U., Zabolotnyy S.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2020_n4_s49.pdf

Autor	Pavel Kotyza, Luboš Smutka
Tytuł	DRIVING FORCE OF ORGANIC FARMING IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC – MARKET DEMAND OR FINANCIAL SUPPORT?
Title
Słowa kluczowe	correlation, Czech Republic, organic agriculture, financial support, organic market
Key words
Abstrakt	In the Czech Republic, and possibly in many other eastern European countries, organic production still has potential for further growth. Over the past three decades, organic farming has become an essential alternative to farming practices. An increase was observed among acreage, the number of farms, and also consumer spending on organic production. After the EU accession, organic farming became part of the agricultural policy related to other than production function and therefore supported by EU finance. The contribution aimed to derive which of the two factors was more important for organic farming expansion - the pull factor (market demand) or the push factor (financial support). Using Pearson's correlation coefficient stronger relationship was observed for financial aid, which was a driving force for the organic agriculture spread in the Czech Republic.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Kotyza P., Smutka L.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2020_n4_s70.pdf

Autor	Oleg Kucher, Liliia Prokopchuk, Serhiy Zabolotnyy
Tytuł	FORMATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FOR THE BIOECONOMY IN UKRAINE
Title
Słowa kluczowe	bioeconomy, agriculture, biotechnologies, bioresources, strategies
Key words
Abstrakt	The article examines the role of the bioeconomy in the formation of priorities for the economic development of Ukraine. It is determined that the primary goal of the bioeconomy is the optimal use of renewable biological resources and the creation of sustainable manufacturing systems for new products. It is noted that Ukraine belongs to the countries with high bioeconomic potential, the source of which is the production of biomass of agricultural origin that creates favorable conditions for the development of the bioeconomy. The dynamics of biomass production potential are characterized by a stable increase in the amount of biomass available for use, and its energy capacity is analysed. Using the methodology of 'smart specialization', a model of strategy formation was developed, which defines the priorities, goals, and objectives of the bioeconomic development of Ukraine's economy.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Kucher O., Prokopchuk L., Zabolotnyy S.
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Pełny tekst	ESARE_2020_n4_s78.pdf

Autor	Veronika Butorina, Oleg Kucher, Natalia Pustova, Zoia Pustova, Oleh Tkach
Tytuł	THE ROLE OF BIOMASS IN THE BIOECONOMIC POLICY OF UKRAINE AND ITS LEGAL REGULATION
Title
Słowa kluczowe	bioeconomy, biotechnologies, innovations, agricultural biomass
Key words
Abstrakt	The article examines the need and possibility of introducing bioeconomy in the management system of the national economy, in the context of the focus on sustainable development through the use of the most modern techniques and technologies for the use of biomass. It is determined that the key role in the development of a new direction of the country's economy is played by the agricultural sector, as the bioeconomy of agricultural systems is based on agricultural biomass and biotechnology. Optimization of agricultural biomass flows is one of the components of bioeconomy development. It is noted that, given the significant natural and economic, raw material research and production potential and state support, Ukraine has great opportunities for bioeconomy development based on the production of environmentally friendly bioenergy products through the efficient use of agricultural biomass. The legal bases of the state management of the bioeconomic development of Ukraine are stated.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Butorina V., Kucher O., Pustova N., Pustova Z., Tkach O.
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Autor	Mariusz Dziwulski, Elżbieta Szymańska
Tytuł	CHANGES IN THE ECONOMIC SIZE AND PRODUCTION DIRECTION IN FARMS AS A RESULT OF INVESTMENTS IN FIXED ASSETS
Title
Słowa kluczowe	investments, farms, economic size, type of farming, farm migrations
Key words
Abstrakt	The research aimed to identify the impact of the implemented projects on the change in the economic size and direction of farms. The research used studies of the literature on the subject and data from 4 803 farms that kept continuous accounting under the FADN system in 2005-2013. The analysed economy was grouped according to the value of investment outlays in funds, economic size, and production type. Research shows that the increase in the level of investment is conducive to increasing the economic strength of farms. However, these investments must be high enough to ensure the appropriate level of difficulty. For the lower average level of questions, smaller languages are less and very small. Moreover, investments favour and accelerate the processing of farms, which may also improve their economic effects. In the analysed group of mixed-type farms, they changed the destination for the cultivation of cereals and the place of milk.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Dziwulski M., Szymańska E.
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Autor	Jerzy Bieńkowski, Małgorzata Holka
Tytuł	Environmental Assessment of the Life Cycle of Bovine Compound Feeds from a Feed Milling Plant in a Large Commercial Farm in Wielkopolska Region, Poland
Title	Environmental Assessment of the Life Cycle of Bovine Compound Feeds from a Feed Milling Plant in a Large Commercial Farm in Wielkopolska Region, Poland
Słowa kluczowe	environment, life cycle analysis, impact category indicator, compound feed, feed mill, Poland
Key words	environment, life cycle analysis, impact category indicator, compound feed, feed mill, Poland
Abstrakt	In recent years, the importance of environmental threats associated with intensive livestock production has been emphasized. Compound feeds make up a part of the animal production chain. A complete assessment of the animal production system with regard to environmental criteria is therefore impossible without considering the environmental consequences of feed production. The goal of this research is to fill the gap in an environmental assessment of production processes of compound feeds in Poland. The study presents an assessment of production impacts of bovine compound feeds according to Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) methodology. The data for analysis were based on the set of information obtained from the feed milling plant located in a commercial agricultural enterprise in the Wielkopolska region in the years 2015-2016. An inventory table of inputs was prepared in relation to the functional unit of 1 ton of compound feeds and two phases of production processes, i.e. upstream and core. For average compound feed, the impact category indicators for the global warming potential, acidification, eutrophication, photochemical ozone formation, consumption of mineral resources, fossil fuel resources and the emission of the respirable particles were respectively: 605.9 kg CO2 eq, 8.73 kg SO2 eq, 3.32 kg PO4 eq, 0.73 kg ethylene eq, 3.4x10-3 kg antimony eq, 5141.1 MJ and 2.25 kg PM2.5 eq. The upstream phase had the greatest effect on investigated impacts, while the core processes phase had a relatively low impact on environmental threats. It is recommended to broaden the scope of the research for a larger group of feed milling plants with more complex manufacturing processes, with a more branched supply structure and a wide range of compound feeds for different animal types. The obtained data can be a valuable source base in prospective analyses of the life cycle of various animal products in Poland.
Abstract	In recent years, the importance of environmental threats associated with intensive livestock production has been emphasized. Compound feeds make up a part of the animal production chain. A complete assessment of the animal production system with regard to environmental criteria is therefore impossible without considering the environmental consequences of feed production. The goal of this research is to fill the gap in an environmental assessment of production processes of compound feeds in Poland. The study presents an assessment of production impacts of bovine compound feeds according to Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) methodology. The data for analysis were based on the set of information obtained from the feed milling plant located in a commercial agricultural enterprise in the Wielkopolska region in the years 2015-2016. An inventory table of inputs was prepared in relation to the functional unit of 1 ton of compound feeds and two phases of production processes, i.e. upstream and core. For average compound feed, the impact category indicators for the global warming potential, acidification, eutrophication, photochemical ozone formation, consumption of mineral resources, fossil fuel resources and the emission of the respirable particles were respectively: 605.9 kg CO2 eq, 8.73 kg SO2 eq, 3.32 kg PO4 eq, 0.73 kg ethylene eq, 3.4x10-3 kg antimony eq, 5141.1 MJ and 2.25 kg PM2.5 eq. The upstream phase had the greatest effect on investigated impacts, while the core processes phase had a relatively low impact on environmental threats. It is recommended to broaden the scope of the research for a larger group of feed milling plants with more complex manufacturing processes, with a more branched supply structure and a wide range of compound feeds for different animal types. The obtained data can be a valuable source base in prospective analyses of the life cycle of various animal products in Poland.
Cytowanie	Bieńkowski J., Holka M. (2019) Environmental Assessment of the Life Cycle of Bovine Compound Feeds from a Feed Milling Plant in a Large Commercial Farm in Wielkopolska Region, Poland.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 1: 22-36
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n1_s22.pdf

Autor	Dorota Komorowska
Tytuł	Wyniki produkcyjne i ekonomiczne gospodarstw nastawionych na produkcję zwierzęcą
Title	Production and Economic Results of Farms focused on Animal Production
Słowa kluczowe	produkcja zwierzęca, wyniki produkcji rolniczej, efektywność gospodarowania zasobami w rolnictwie
Key words	animal production, results of agricultural production, resource efficiency in agriculture
Abstrakt	Celem opracowania jest ocena wyników gospodarowania zasobami produkcyjnymi w gospodarstwach nastawionych na produkcję zwierzęcą, które były objęte rachunkowością rolną w systemie FADN w 2016 roku. Analizie poddano wyniki produkcyjne i ekonomiczne oraz produktywność i dochodowość zasobów ziemi, pracy i kapitału gospodarstw nastawionych na chów bydła mlecznego, trzody chlewnej oraz bydła rzeźnego, owiec i kóz. Zaprezentowane w opracowaniu wyniki badanych gospodarstw wskazują na znacznie wyższy poziom wyników produkcyjnych i ekonomicznych oraz efektywności gospodarowania zasobami w gospodarstwach trzodowych, zwłaszcza w odniesieniu do gospodarstw prowadzących chów bydła rzeźnego, owiec i kóz, co wynikało z ich większej skali i intensywności produkcji. Gospodarstwa specjalizujących się w chowie bydła rzeźnego, owiec i kóz uzyskały ujemny wynik ekonomiczny, dlatego dopłaty do działalności tego typu gospodarstw warunkowały ich dodatni wynik końcowy oraz efektywność ekonomiczną gospodarowania zasobami.
Abstract	The aim of the study is to assess the results of managing production resources in farms focused on animal production, which were covered by agricultural accounting in the FADN system in 2016. The analysis covered the production and economic results as well as the productivity and profitability of land, labor and capital resources of farms focused on dairy cattle, swine and slaughter cattle, sheep and goats. The results of the researched farms presented in the study point to a significantly higher level of production and economic results as well as resource management efficiency in pig farms, especially in relation to farms keeping cattle for slaughter, sheep and goats, which resulted from their larger scale and intensity of production. Farms specializing in slaughter of cattle, sheep and goats obtained a negative economic result, therefore subsidies for the operation of such farms were conditioned by their positive final result and economic efficiency of resource management.
Cytowanie	Komorowska D. (2019) Wyniki produkcyjne i ekonomiczne gospodarstw nastawionych na produkcję zwierzęcą .Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 1: 68-78
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Autor	Piotr Dubicki, Piotr Kułyk
Tytuł	Uwarunkowania zachowań konsumentów na rynku żywności ekologicznej
Title	Determinants of Consumer Behavior on the Organic Food Market
Słowa kluczowe	świadomość ekologiczna, żywność ekologiczna, zachowania konsumentów
Key words	the ecological awareness, organic food, consumer behaviour
Abstrakt	Poznanie zmieniających się potrzeb konsumentów jest ważnym elementem budowania przewagi konkurencyjnej przedsiębiorstwa. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie zachowań konsumentów na lokalnym rynku produktów ekologicznych. W artykule przedstawiono zagadnienia związane z rynkiem żywności ekologicznej. Zdefiniowano i scharakteryzowano pojęcie produktu ekologicznego, omówiono kontrolę i certyfikację produkcji ekologicznej oraz czynniki wpływające na jakość żywności i popyt na produkty ekologiczne. Przeprowadzono badanie ankietowe na rynku lokalnym mające na celu scharakteryzowanie uwarunkowań zachowań konsumentów na rynku żywności ekologicznej. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań ankietowych i analizy danych statystycznych można zauważyć, że współczesny konsument jest świadomy tego co kupuje. Jakość i skład produktu to najważniejsze czynniki, które wpływają na podejmowane przez nich decyzję. Konsumenci coraz częściej rezygnują z konsumpcji żywności tradycyjnej na korzyść produktów ekologicznych.
Abstract	Understanding the changing needs of consumers is an important element of building a competitive advantage of the company. The aim of the article is to present consumer behavior on the local market of organic products. The article presents issues related to the organic food market. The concept of organic product was defined and characterized, control and certification of organic production as well as factors affecting food quality and demand for organic products were discussed. In addition, a survey was conducted on the local market to show the determinants of consumer behaviour on the organic food market. Based on the surveys carried out and the analysis of statistical data, it can be seen that the modern consumer is aware of what he is buying. The quality and composition of the product are the most important factors that influence the decision they make. Consumers are increasingly giving up the consumption of traditional food in favor of organic products.
Cytowanie	Dubicki P., Kułyk P. (2019) Uwarunkowania zachowań konsumentów na rynku żywności ekologicznej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 1: 79-87
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Autor	Arkadiusz Piwowar
Tytuł	Development of the Agricultural Biogas Market in Poland – Production Volume, Feedstocks, Activities and Behaviours of Farmers
Title	Development of the Agricultural Biogas Market in Poland – Production Volume, Feedstocks, Activities and Behaviours of Farmers
Słowa kluczowe	low carbon agriculture, agricultural biogas plants, Poland
Key words	low carbon agriculture, agricultural biogas plants, Poland
Abstrakt	The activity and efficiency of agricultural biogas plants are important issues in the field of low-emission development in rural areas and in agribusiness. The essence of the problems concerns mainly sustainable waste management in agricultural production. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the volume of agricultural biogas production in Poland and the structure of consumption of raw materials used for production of agricultural biogas. The analyses were carried out in the period of 2011–2017. The paper also presents results of empirical research on the agricultural practices as part of the subject area of the development of the agricultural biogas market in Poland. The aim of the questionnaire surveys of agricultural holdings was to obtain information on the use of the biomass from field crops and grasslands for energy purposes and the interest in the development of agricultural production towards the cultivation of energy crops. The results of the analyses were presented in the spatial arrangement of research.
Abstract	The activity and efficiency of agricultural biogas plants are important issues in the field of low-emission development in rural areas and in agribusiness. The essence of the problems concerns mainly sustainable waste management in agricultural production. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the volume of agricultural biogas production in Poland and the structure of consumption of raw materials used for production of agricultural biogas. The analyses were carried out in the period of 2011–2017. The paper also presents results of empirical research on the agricultural practices as part of the subject area of the development of the agricultural biogas market in Poland. The aim of the questionnaire surveys of agricultural holdings was to obtain information on the use of the biomass from field crops and grasslands for energy purposes and the interest in the development of agricultural production towards the cultivation of energy crops. The results of the analyses were presented in the spatial arrangement of research.
Cytowanie	Piwowar A. (2019) Development of the Agricultural Biogas Market in Poland – Production Volume, Feedstocks, Activities and Behaviours of Farmers.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 1: 88-97
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Autor	Agnieszka Kurdyś-Kujawska, Agnieszka Strzelecka, Danuta Zawadzka
Tytuł	Kapitał obcy a potencjał wytwórczy i wyniki produkcyjno-ekonomiczne towarowych gospodarstw rolnych
Title	Debt Versus Production Potential as Well as Production and Economic Results of Commodity Farms
Słowa kluczowe	kapitał obcy, potencjał produkcyjny, wyniki produkcyjno-ekonomiczne, towarowe gospodarstwo rolne, test U Manna-Whitney’a
Key words	debt, production potential, production and economic results, commodity farm, U Mann-Whitney rank sum test
Abstrakt	Celem badania jest odpowiedź na pytanie: czy wykorzystanie kapitału obcego przez towarowe gospodarstwa rolne przyczynia się do zwiększenia potencjału wytwórczego oraz poprawy warunków produkcyjno-ekonomicznych? Badania przeprowadzono w oparciu o dane zebrane w ramach Polskiego FADN dla 2015 roku. Próba badawcza liczyła 12 021 towarowych gospodarstw rolnych, w tym blisko połowa (48,61%), obok kapitału własnego korzystała także z zewnętrznych źródeł finansowania działalności rolniczej. Ze względu na silną asymetrię, do opisu cech charakteryzujących badane podmioty wykorzystano miary pozycyjne. Do oceny istotności różnic rozkładów zastosowano test sumy rang U Manna-Whitney'a. Uzyskane wyniki badań wskazują na występowanie istotnych różnic w potencjale produkcyjnym oraz efektywności produkcyjnej i ekonomicznej podmiotów finansujących działalność rolniczą kapitałem obcym i gospodarstw, które korzystają wyłącznie z kapitału własnego. Podmioty, które wykorzystują do finansowania działalności rolniczej, obok kapitału własnego, także kapitał obcy, charakteryzują się wyższym potencjałem wytwórczym oraz uzyskują wyższe wyniki produkcyjno-ekonomiczne, niż gospodarstwa korzystające tylko z kapitału własnego.
Abstract	The aim of the research is to find an answer to the question: Does the use of debt by commodity farms contribute to the increase of production potential and improvement of production and economic conditions? The research was based on data collected as part of the Polish FADN for 2015. The research sample consisted of 12021 commodity farms, of which almost half (48.61%), apart from equity also used external sources of financing agricultural activity. To describe the features characterizing the studied entities, positional measures were used due to strong asymmetry. The U Mann-Whitney rank sum test was used to assess the significance of differences in distributions. The obtained research results indicate the existence of significant differences in production potential as well as production and economic efficiency of commodity farms financing agricultural activity with debt and farms that use only own capital. Entities that use debt to finance agricultural activities, apart from equity, are characterized by a higher production potential and obtain higher production and economic results than farms using only equity.
Cytowanie	Kurdyś-Kujawska A., Strzelecka A., Zawadzka D. (2019) Kapitał obcy a potencjał wytwórczy i wyniki produkcyjno-ekonomiczne towarowych gospodarstw rolnych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 1: 110-119
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Autor	Kaja Karwowska, Magdalena Skotnicka, Maria Śmiechowska
Tytuł	Tea Production and its Forecasts, and the Possibility of Tea Cultivation in the Context of Environmental Requirements in China
Title	Tea Production and its Forecasts, and the Possibility of Tea Cultivation in the Context of Environmental Requirements in China
Słowa kluczowe	tea, plantations, crop types, climate changes, local ecosystems
Key words	tea, plantations, crop types, climate changes, local ecosystems
Abstrakt	The present study demonstrates the reasons for the foundation of tea plantations and conditions of their cultivation. The limitations and negative consequences of cultivation of tea plants along with the ideas for their minimization are shown. Plantations were created to optimize the harvest. However, it has been found that they negatively influence local ecosystems. The global demand for tea leaves is constantly growing. Due to the specific climate requirements of tea plants and progressive climate changes, the arable land area suitable for their cultivation is constantly decreasing. New solutions should be implemented as soon as possible, ensuring a constant supply of raw material. Otherwise, in the next few years tea may become a luxury product. FAO has presented the activities that could reduce the losses. At the moment, the best solution might be to change crop types and diversify sources of raw material. It is also highlighted that there is a need to carry out research aiming at developing varieties of Camella sinensis with lower climate requirements.
Abstract	The present study demonstrates the reasons for the foundation of tea plantations and conditions of their cultivation. The limitations and negative consequences of cultivation of tea plants along with the ideas for their minimization are shown. Plantations were created to optimize the harvest. However, it has been found that they negatively influence local ecosystems. The global demand for tea leaves is constantly growing. Due to the specific climate requirements of tea plants and progressive climate changes, the arable land area suitable for their cultivation is constantly decreasing. New solutions should be implemented as soon as possible, ensuring a constant supply of raw material. Otherwise, in the next few years tea may become a luxury product. FAO has presented the activities that could reduce the losses. At the moment, the best solution might be to change crop types and diversify sources of raw material. It is also highlighted that there is a need to carry out research aiming at developing varieties of Camella sinensis with lower climate requirements.
Cytowanie	Karwowska K., Skotnicka M., Śmiechowska M. (2019) Tea Production and its Forecasts, and the Possibility of Tea Cultivation in the Context of Environmental Requirements in China.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 1: 180-191
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n1_s180.pdf