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Autor	Joanna Szwacka-Mokrzycka
Tytuł	TYPOLOGY OF MARKETING STRATEGIES FOR COMPANIES OF FOOD INDUSTRY
Title
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Key words	marketing strategy, attractiveness of food industry, TGI, specificity of companies of food industry
Abstrakt
Abstract	The paper presents the typology of marketing strategies for food industry companies in Poland. The aim of this article is to determine the most effective strategies for food industry sector in Poland. The results of estimation of the selected food markets attractiveness (based on Porter’s 5 forces analysis) and segmentation (based on cyclical study TGI) are the base of typology of marketing strategies. Presented typology of marketing strategies based on research conducted in the period 1998-2012. In the framework of food industry there were selected the following branches for segmentation research: dairy, meat and edible fats. The results of research allowed to determination of possibilities of implementation of marketing strategies on the selected food markets. There are possibilities of wider use of strategies of market penetration and development and strategy of influencing on purchasers. The next recommended group are strategies of cooperation with partners in the field of distribution and strategy of the cost leadership, especially for large companies, which benefit from economies of scale. Next proposal is connected with differentiation strategy recommended for producers of new-generation products.
Cytowanie	Szwacka-Mokrzycka J. (2013) TYPOLOGY OF MARKETING STRATEGIES FOR COMPANIES OF FOOD INDUSTRY.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 10(59): 705-716
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2013_n59_s705.pdf

Autor	Andrzej Szromnik, Elżbieta Wolanin-Jarosz
Tytuł	ETHNOCENTRIC ATTITUDES AND BUYING DECISIONS OF POLES AND HUNGARIANS – THE ESSENCE AND MEASUREMENT WITH THE USE OF CETSCALE ANALYSIS
Title
Słowa kluczowe	etnocentryzm konsumencki, kwestionariusz CETSCALE, badanie empiryczne Polska-Węgry
Key words	consumer ethnocentrism, CETSCALE questionnaire, Poland- Hungary empirical research
Abstrakt	W niniejszym artykule omówiono wyniki badań empirycznych, których celem było określenie poziomu etnocentryzmu konsumenckiego mieszkańców Polski i Węgier. Główny materiał źródłowy pozyskano dzięki wywiadom bezpośrednim, przeprowadzonym w dwóch miastach: Rzeszowie (Polska) oraz Debreczynie (Węgry), na próbie 800 respondentów (po 400 osób w każdym mieście). Jako instrument pomiarowy wykorzystano międzynarodowy kwestionariusz CETSCALE. Przedstawione analizy wyraźnie wskazują, iż zarówno konsumenci polscy jak i węgierscy wykazują skłonności etnocentryczne, aczkolwiek znacznie większe wartości skali CET uzyskano wśród zbiorowości węgierskiej. Odnotowano również znaczący wpływ czynników demograficznych na poziom etnocentryzmu obydwu badanych grup.
Abstract	In the following article the results of empirical researches have been discussed. Their aim was to define the consumer ethnocentrism level of the inhabitants of Poland and Hungary. The main source material was acquired thanks to direct interviews, conducted in two towns: Rzeszów (Poland) and Debrecen (Hungary), in a chosen group of 800 respondents (400 people in each town). The international CETSCALE questionnaire has been used as a measuring instrument. The analyses presented, clearly indicate that, Polish as well as Hungarian consumers show ethnocentric tendencies. However significantly bigger CET scale values have been obtained in Hungarian community. It has also been noted that demographic factors have meaningful influence on the ethnocentric level of the both groups researched.
Cytowanie	Szromnik A., Wolanin-Jarosz E. (2013) ETHNOCENTRIC ATTITUDES AND BUYING DECISIONS OF POLES AND HUNGARIANS – THE ESSENCE AND MEASUREMENT WITH THE USE OF CETSCALE ANALYSIS.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 10(59): 717-728
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2013_n59_s717.pdf

Autor	Marzena Ganc, Magdalena Mądra-Sawicka
Tytuł	Możliwość wykorzystania ulgi inwestycyjnej w indywidualnych gospodarstwach rolnych w sytuacji wprowadzenia podatku dochodowego
Title	The possibility of investment tax relief usage in case of income tax introduction in agriculture holdings
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Abstrakt	The article presents the aspect of investment tax relief usage in agriculture holding in case of income tax introduction. The article deals also with the fiscal tax burden in farms. The presented research was surveyed in years 2006–2009. The tax burden of farms has been characterized by two groups of analysis: average for whole population and for farms with cropland area above 50 ha. The income tax was calculated in case of revenue and expense ledger, according to two tax models: with progressive tax scale and flat tax. The fiscal burden was lower in case of progressive tax scale, because of relatively low income of farms. Farmers are not investing high values each year but income tax would gave them possibility to decrease current tax burden thanks to tax investment relief. It could be beneficial for further development in agriculture.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Ganc M., Mądra-Sawicka M. (2013) Możliwość wykorzystania ulgi inwestycyjnej w indywidualnych gospodarstwach rolnych w sytuacji wprowadzenia podatku dochodowego.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 104: 15-28
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2013_n104_s15.pdf

Autor	Leonard Smolarski
Tytuł	Wpływ dopłat bezpośrednich na strukturę użytkowanej ziemi w gospodarstwach rolników indywidualnych
Title	The impact of direct payments for the structure of agricultural land area in individual farms
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Abstrakt	The paper presented the impact of direct payments on the structure of agricultural land area in the agricultural holdings. The research included individual agricultural holdings (located in Silesian Voivodeship), participating in the EU- -FADN. The research period covered the years 2005–2008. It was shown that the largest holdings both in terms of the area and economic size received the highest funds from direct payments. Farmers with the largest holdings in terms of the area enlarges the area of their farms by purchasing agricultural land and lease of farmland since the beginning of the introduction of the direct payment system. The direct payment system contributed to the increase of the area of land used by the farmers, mainly by cultivation of arable land.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Smolarski L. (2013) Wpływ dopłat bezpośrednich na strukturę użytkowanej ziemi w gospodarstwach rolników indywidualnych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 104: 41-54
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Autor	Maria Zuba
Tytuł	Zmiany działalności kredytowej banków spółdzielczych w Polsce i w Europie w latach 2007–2011
Title	Changes of the credit-activity of cooperative banks in Poland and in Europe in years 2007–2011
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Abstrakt	For purposes of the work the analysis of changes of the credit-activity of cooperative banks in Poland and in Europe in years 2007–2011 was conducted. Cooperative banks in Poland in years 2007–2011 systematically increased the range of granting of credits, similar to other countries of EU. It was noticed the decrease of share of credits granted for households and the growth of share of credits for enterprises. Banks more actively began to support the business sector, mainly the sector of SME, such as cooperative banks from other countries of Europe. These banks credited households mainly on investments, operations and commercial property (so called remaining credits). Cooperative banks by financing other subjects of the nonfinancial sector first of all helped municipal institutions. The accomplished analysis of the credit-activity of cooperative banks in Poland confirmed that a mission of these subjects was the support of local development by financing activities.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Zuba M. (2013) Zmiany działalności kredytowej banków spółdzielczych w Polsce i w Europie w latach 2007–2011.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 104: 93-105
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2013_n104_s93.pdf

Autor	Katarzyna Boratyńska, Magdalena Lenarcik
Tytuł	Obciążenia podatkowe wybranego przedsiębiorstwa sektora motoryzacyjnego
Title	Tax burden in chosen entity of motorization sector
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Abstrakt	The purpose of this paper was to present the scale of taxes and show effect taxation in chosen motorization company in Poland. They are numerous tax burdens connected with running a business, namely: excessive taxation, complicated taxation, modification legislative, uncertain political and economic situation. Company to be able to operating need to adapt to competitive market, for instance: follow by modification legislative, react to supply and demand. This paper presents the level and structure of the most important tax burden in Poland: value added tax and personal income tax in chosen motorization company.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Boratyńska K., Lenarcik M. (2013) Obciążenia podatkowe wybranego przedsiębiorstwa sektora motoryzacyjnego.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 104: 107-117
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Autor	Dorota Komorowska
Tytuł	Czynniki kształtujące efektywność gospodarstw ekologicznych o różnej wielkości
Title	Factors determining the effectiveness of ecological farms of different size groups
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Abstrakt	The article aims at presenting factors that determine the effectiveness of managing production resources in ecological farms of different size. Within the examined groups of diverse sized ecological farms, the technical infrastructure of land resources and the saturation of land with materials as well as the input of human labour per agricultural land acreage were clearly showing a decrease proportional to the increase in farm size, which was connected with the organization of production in the farms under examination. The organization of production in those groups of farms, the effectiveness of their production and the prices of organic products in the analysed years were reflected in the structure of the value of production of particular farm groups. Fruit and vegetables had a clearly higher and preponderant share in the value of plant production in 20-hectare farms, which mainly determined higher productivity of land and capital resources as well as profitability of smaller farms’ land resources.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Komorowska D. (2013) Czynniki kształtujące efektywność gospodarstw ekologicznych o różnej wielkości.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 104: 125-143
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2013_n104_s125.pdf

Autor	Tomasz Zalega
Tytuł	Mieszkanie i warunki lokalowe miejskich gospodarstw domowych w Polsce
Title	Homes and housing conditions of urban households in Poland
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Abstrakt	As well as being important for the functioning of every human being, having a home is necessary for families to develop. A home is the place where families fulfil their key functions, e.g. biological, psychological, cultural, social and utilitarian. At the same time, the level of housing conditions depends on the quality of homes and the degree to which the demand for housing is met. Taking this into consideration, the article analyses the housing status of the surveyed households, their housing conditions, the types of homes, and the households’ satisfaction with their place of residence. The article ends with a summary of the discussion and major conclusions
Abstract
Cytowanie	Zalega T. (2013) Mieszkanie i warunki lokalowe miejskich gospodarstw domowych w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 104: 157-170
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2013_n104_s157.pdf

Autor	Ganna Levytska, Joanna Wrzesińska-Kowal
Tytuł	Społeczna odpowiedzialność biznesu w działalności przedsiębiorstw gastronomicznych w Polsce
Title	Corporate Social Responsibility in the foodservice industry in Poland: importance and practices
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Abstrakt	The article focuses on the nature and importance of the corporate social responsibility in the activities of the foodservice retailers. Attention was paid to the issues as the CSR activities using by the leading foodservice networks in the Polish market and giving information about these undertakings to society. The author considered the CSR activities directed towards different groups of stakeholders and described the difference of CSR activities in the various types of foodservice retailers. The paper presents selected examples of the CSR activities in the foodservice retailers.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Levytska G., Wrzesińska-Kowal J. (2013) Społeczna odpowiedzialność biznesu w działalności przedsiębiorstw gastronomicznych w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 104: 171-183
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2013_n104_s171.pdf

Autor	Małgorzata Just, Magdalena Śmiglak-Krajewska
Tytuł	Inwestycje rzeczowe w gospodarstwach rolnych w województwie wielkopolskim w latach 2009–2011
Title	Tangible investments on farms in Wielkopolskie voivodship in 2009–2011
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Abstrakt	In Poland in recent years can be observed regional differences in investment activity among farmers. The largest capital expenditures in 2009–2011 were recorded in Mazowieckie and Wielkopolskie voivodships. Thus the aim of this study is to try to characterize the tangible investments among agricultural holdings in Wielkopolskie voivodship in 2009–2011. Results of this study indicate that the expenditures in farms were directed in the first instance on machinery and equipment, regardless of the area of farms. In terms of value as well, dominated spending on machinery and equipment in each group of farms, with the highest percentage of expenditure on this type of investment allocate small farms (9– –20 ha).
Abstract
Cytowanie	Just M., Śmiglak-Krajewska M. (2013) Inwestycje rzeczowe w gospodarstwach rolnych w województwie wielkopolskim w latach 2009–2011.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 103: 29-39
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Autor	Kamil Kotliński
Tytuł	Ryzyko kursowe w wybranych krajach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej podczas kryzysu w latach 2008–2011
Title	Foreign exchange risk in selected countries of Central and Eastern Europe during the crisis in 2008–2011
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Abstrakt	Exchange rate risk can be the source of both the extraordinary losses and gains. Hedge against exchange rate risk requires knowledge and cost. The exchange rate risk depends on the exchange rate regime. Among 10 members of the European Union in Central and Eastern Europe, four countries used af floating exchange rates (Poland, Hungary, Romania and the Czech Republic), the other six countries have fixed exchange rate system or has been a common currency – the euro. In the group of countries most affected by the exchange rate risk is Poland, to a lesser extent, this applies to Hungary, Romania and the Czech Republic. However, in the countries with a fixed exchange rate or a common currency, risk of changes in the euro/national currency does not exist. There was no significant effect of the exchange rate regime on the exports stability and imports stability. Average volatility of exports and imports of countries with floating and fixed exchange rate is at a similar level.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Kotliński K. (2013) Ryzyko kursowe w wybranych krajach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej podczas kryzysu w latach 2008–2011.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 103: 79-90
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2013_n103_s79.pdf

Autor	Michał Kociszewski, Joanna Szwacka-Mokrzycka
Tytuł	Zagrożenia i szanse rozwojowe rynku cukierniczego w Polsce
Title	Threats and opportunities of confectionery market development in Poland
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Abstrakt	The aim of the article is to present the directions of confectionery market development in Poland. The special attention has been paid to the opportunities and threats of this market. The considerations are started from presentation of the confectionery market structure, its main players. There has been discussed the direction of consolidation activity. The crucial attention has been paid to directions and possibilities of promotion this market by export.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Kociszewski M., Szwacka-Mokrzycka J. (2013) Zagrożenia i szanse rozwojowe rynku cukierniczego w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 103: 119-130
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2013_n103_s119.pdf

Autor	Michał Jerzak, Hubert Łąkowski
Tytuł	Towarowe instrumenty pochodne w stabilizowaniu dochodów z produkcji rzepaku w warunkach rosnącego ryzyka cenowego
Title	Commodity derivatives in the income stabilization of rapeseed production under conditions of increasing price risk
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Abstrakt	Observed in recent years increased volatility of agricultural commodity prices caused greater exposure of market participants on the price risk. The rapeseed price volatility in Poland, measured by coefficient of variation increased significantly in the years 2008–2010. In the article, We presented the possibilities of using price stabilizing market tools, including commodity derivatives in price risk management on farms in Poland. By means of simulation method presented the potential economic effects obtained in hedging transactions of rapeseed selling prices at the Matif Euronext and ICE Futures Canada markets. The conclusion is that the hedging of rapeseed prices in the futures contracts on foreign futures markets is little effective and difficult.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Jerzak M., Łąkowski H. (2013) Towarowe instrumenty pochodne w stabilizowaniu dochodów z produkcji rzepaku w warunkach rosnącego ryzyka cenowego.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 103: 131-140
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Autor	Wioleta Sobczak, Michał Wielechowski
Tytuł	Rozwój grup i organizacji producentów owoców i warzyw w Polsce w świetle unijnego i krajowego ustawodawstwa
Title	Fruit and vegetable producer groups and organizations development in Poland in the light of EU and national legislation
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Abstrakt	Production of fruits and vegetables in Poland is characterized by a high degree of fragmentation. Manufacturers have poor technical background and little use of modern technologies. In conjunction with the lack of use of marketing opportunities, Polish fruit and vegetable producers cannot compete on the global market. Taking joint cooperation through producer groups and organizations can be the solution to the problem. EU accession in 2004 was a accelerator for development of producer groups and organizations in Poland. Financial support from the Community, national funds and the evolution of EU and national legislation had a positive impact on cooperating manufacturers on Polish market during the analysed period. Data show the development of fruit and vegetable producer groups and organizations in Poland in the years 2004–2010, focusing on their legal form, size, cultivation area, volume and value of production.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Sobczak W., Wielechowski M. (2013) Rozwój grup i organizacji producentów owoców i warzyw w Polsce w świetle unijnego i krajowego ustawodawstwa.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 103: 161-171
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Autor	Barbara Gołębiewska
Tytuł	Tendencje zmian w finansowaniu ochrony środowiska w Polsce
Title	Recent Trends in the Financing of Environmental Protection in Poland
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Abstrakt	The study addresses the issue of changes in the financing of environmental protection in Poland in 1997–2011. An evaluation of the spendings on certain types of fixed assets in the protection of the environment was made. The author indicated the extent of state participation in expenditures for environmental protection and the use of other sources of funding, such as the investor’s own funds or grants from environmental funds. It was found out that in 1999–2002 there was a significant decline in investments in environmental protection, which was mainly due to the worsening of the economic situation of many companies during this period. Since 2004, there is a slow but steady growth of expenditures on environmental protection, which has been associated with the use of funds for investment projects financed with EU funds.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Gołębiewska B. (2013) Tendencje zmian w finansowaniu ochrony środowiska w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 101: 5-13
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Autor	Anna Wasilewska
Tytuł	Pomiar i ocena działalności innowacyjnej Polski na podstawie wskaźników pośrednich
Title	Measurement and Assessment of Innovation Activity in Poland Basing on Indirect Indicators
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Abstrakt	The author of this paper made an attempt to assess the innovativeness of economic activity in Poland, using indirect indicators. There are two categories of these indicators in the professional literature. The first category is statistics of inputs, where innovativeness is measured through the expenses on research and development. The second category is related to the measurement of the effects of research and development, and the assessment of their influence on national economy. In this case the indicators of international trade concerning products of high technology and statistics of patents are used.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Wasilewska A. (2013) Pomiar i ocena działalności innowacyjnej Polski na podstawie wskaźników pośrednich.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 101: 15-28
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Autor	Bartosz Mickiewicz, Dagmara Zuzek
Tytuł	Szanse i bariery rozwoju przedsiębiorczości na obszarach wiejskich w Polsce
Title	Opportunities and Barriers to Enterprise Development in Rural Areas in Poland
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Abstrakt	Rural development depends strongly on the development of all forms of entrepreneurship, as they lead to the creation of new jobs, as well as the diversification of rural income. However, numerous formal and legal requirements and administrative procedures faced by businesses limit the development of entrepreneurship, both in Poland and the European Union. Newly proposed by the EU actions aim to encourage entrepreneurship and job creation, and may contribute to a greater reduction of bureaucracy, simplification of legal requirements connected with accounting, improved access to finance, reduction of the time required to obtain necessary permits and licenses.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Mickiewicz B., Zuzek D. (2013) Szanse i bariery rozwoju przedsiębiorczości na obszarach wiejskich w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 101: 41-52
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Autor	Andrzej Parzonko
Tytuł	Koncepcja rozwoju sektora mlecznego w UE, proponowane instrumenty jej wdrożenia i przewidywane skutki po 2014 roku
Title	The Concept of Development of the Dairy Sector in the EU, Proposed Instruments of its Implementation, and Projected Impact after 2014
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Abstrakt	The main objective of this article is to present the concept of the EU dairy sector development through the analysis of proposals for changes in EU agricultural policy and to assess their possible effects on Polish dairy farms. In the paper a model concerning possible directions of development of Polish farms with an average production potential was presented. The analyzes revealed that the idea of deeper liberalization of the EU milk market will contribute to its greater instability. The model calculations carried out for an average Polish farm showed that developing crop production (especially in farms with good quality land) is more profitable than keeping milk production. Proposed after 2014 policy instruments do not stimulate the development of “average” dairy farms.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Parzonko A. (2013) Koncepcja rozwoju sektora mlecznego w UE, proponowane instrumenty jej wdrożenia i przewidywane skutki po 2014 roku.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 101: 67-80
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Autor	Grażyna Karmowska
Tytuł	Gospodarstwa rolne regionu nadmorskiego – konwergencja czy dywergencja
Title	Farms in the Coastal Region – Convergence or Divergence
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Abstrakt	The process of modernization of agriculture under the Common Agricultural Policy has in view, among other things, the creation of economically stable and competitive farms. The aim of this paper is to verify the thesis that Poland’s membership in the European Union, implying a change in agricultural conditions, has resulted in diminishing the differences between farms. As a measure of diversification, confidence intervals for expected values were adopted. To assess the degree of differentiation in the farms’ development, the following criteria were applied: economic size of farms, net value added per a full-time employee, value of production, subsidies for operations. The number of farms over 16 ESU decreased, whilst the number of farms below the 8ESU increased. The research into farms, categorized by economic size, revealed increased diversity in terms of economic size and net value added per person. The production value showed decreased diversification of such agricultural activities as permanent crops and grain-fed animals.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Karmowska G. (2013) Gospodarstwa rolne regionu nadmorskiego – konwergencja czy dywergencja.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 101: 95-105
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Autor	Anna Nowak, Ewa Wójcik
Tytuł	Poziom realizacji funkcji prośrodowiskowych w rolnictwie w województwie lubelskim
Title	The Level of Fulfillment of Pro-environmental Functions in the Agriculture of Lublin Region
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Abstrakt	In this paper the level of fulfillment of pro-environmental functions by agriculture of the Lublin region is identified and examined. The significance of that function in the concept of sustainable agriculture is emphasized. Agriculture in Lublin region is characterized by lower level of mineral fertilization comparing to the whole country. Over 40% of the farms use crop rotation on the whole sowing area as well as fallow lands (the 6th region in the rank). As far as Lublin region’s agriculture is concerned, ecological production becomes an important element of rural production, comparing to other regions. Certified organic farms in Lublin region make 10% of the total number of organic farms in Poland, however this region is second in the rank of the absolute number of organic farms.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Nowak A., Wójcik E. (2013) Poziom realizacji funkcji prośrodowiskowych w rolnictwie w województwie lubelskim.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 101: 107-118
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