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Autor	Marcin Dudziński, Ewa Wasilewska
Tytuł	Zastosowanie metody eliminacji wektorów w analizie zmian struktury rynku pracy
Title	The Use of Vectors Elimination Method in the Analysis of the Structure’s Changes on the Labour Market
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Abstract	In the paper the changes of the structure of an economic activity in Poland in the span of 1993–2008 was presented. The main aim of the article is an attempt of segmentation of analysed time period on periods characterised by similarity of the labour market structure within period. As the elements of analyzed structure authors selected four categories: employed persons on a full-time basis, employed persons on the part-time basis, unemployed persons and professionally passive persons. The segmentation of analysed time period was conducted with the use of vectors elimination method, assuming arithmetical average of non-diagonal elements of the lack of structures similarity measurements matrix as threshold value. As the result of the procedure three time periods were distinguished, characterized by the similarity within period, i.e. 1993–1999, 2000–2006 and 2007–2008.
Cytowanie	Dudziński M., Wasilewska E. (2009) Zastosowanie metody eliminacji wektorów w analizie zmian struktury rynku pracy.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 74: 63-79
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n74_s63.pdf

Autor	Aleksandra Lubańska
Tytuł	System scentralizowanych dostaw w sieciach hipermarketów – korzyści i zagrożenia dla dostawców owoców i warzyw
Title	System of Centralized Deliveries to the Supermarket Chains – Advantages and Threats for Fruit and Vegetable Producers
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Abstract	At the beginning of hyper- and supermarkets’ presence in Poland, distribution of goods was based on direct deliveries from producers or middlemen to the specific stores. For the last few years the majority of supermarket chains have switched to supplying goods from their own or outsourced distribution centres. Central fresh food stuffs’ warehouses are based on the cross-docking system. The centralization of deliveries is perceived by fruit and vegetable producers in various ways. Cross-docking enables the supermarket chains to have full control over logistics and its safety, high availability of supply, reduction of storage space in the stores and reduction of the loss level
Cytowanie	Lubańska A. (2009) System scentralizowanych dostaw w sieciach hipermarketów – korzyści i zagrożenia dla dostawców owoców i warzyw.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 74: 81-90
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n74_s81.pdf

Autor	Edyta Kwiatkowska, Ganna Levytska
Tytuł	Rynek usług gastronomicznych w Polsce na początku XXI wieku
Title	Polish Foodservice Market at the Beginning of XXI Century
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Abstract	Major foodservice trends have been changing over time in Poland, especially within the last years. The purpose of the paper was an analysis of situation in the foodservice market of Poland at the beginning of XXI century. Nowadays many different factors affect eating out. The most important are: economic growth, demographic and cultural trends, structure of households and their incomes, changes of eating habits, and finally development of foodservice market. The appearance of different new trends and functions in foodservice sector is observed. It is hypothesized further development of foodservice market in Poland as an important segment of Polish economy.
Cytowanie	Kwiatkowska E., Levytska G. (2009) Rynek usług gastronomicznych w Polsce na początku XXI wieku.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 74: 91-102
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n74_s91.pdf

Autor	Melania Nieć
Tytuł	Metody mierzenia poziomu innowacyjności gospodarek krajów Unii Europejskiej
Title	Methods of Innovation Measurement of the European Union Member States Economies
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Abstract	The aim of this article is to present definitions of innovation based on professional literature as well as to describe the “innovation” definition as criterion to get support from structural founds. One of the aims of this article is to present selected criteria/rates included in methodologies of measurement of the EU countries economies, including Poland. The main methods used in this article are: descriptive method, basic statistical description methods and index method
Cytowanie	Nieć M. (2009) Metody mierzenia poziomu innowacyjności gospodarek krajów Unii Europejskiej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 74: 123-135
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Autor	Agata Balińska
Tytuł	Struktura popytu turystycznego i czynniki kształtujące ten popyt (na podstawie wyników badań empirycznych)
Title	The Structure of Tourist Demand and Factors Moulding it (on the Basis of Empirical Research Results)
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Abstract	Demand for touristic services is above all the result of tourists’ needs but its scale and structure are defined by many economic and non-economic factors. The paper presents the issues pertaining to tourist demand and the results of empirical research carried out among tourists spending their holidays in 14 communities of Eastern Poland’s borderland. The most popular forms of tourist activities among the respondents are a few days’ long outings arranged several times a year. As to the choice of location, low prices proved the decisive factor, and family and friends proved to be the main source of information. In regards to the elements of the tourist products, natural values of a given area is the most influential, while easy communication and tourist services is the least influential
Cytowanie	Balińska A. (2009) Struktura popytu turystycznego i czynniki kształtujące ten popyt (na podstawie wyników badań empirycznych).Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 74: 137-147
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n74_s137.pdf

Autor	Katarzyna Boratyńska
Tytuł	Rynek piwa w Polsce i perspektywy jego rozwoju
Title	Beer Market in Poland and Perspectives of its Development
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Abstract	In this article characteristic of the beer market in Poland has been presented. The Author concentrated on producion and sales levels as well as consumption of beer per capita in Poland. It has also indicated main beer brands and market shares of largest companies. The Author has discussed excise tax issues emphasizing its significant impact on the beer industry. Moreover, main trends and perspectives of beer market development have been pointed out.
Cytowanie	Boratyńska K. (2009) Rynek piwa w Polsce i perspektywy jego rozwoju.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 75: 5-13
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Autor	Iwona Kowalczuk
Tytuł	Innowacyjność produktowa przedsiębiorstw branży spożywczej
Title	Product innovativeness of industrial enterprises on the food market
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Abstract	In the article the problem of product innovations in the food sector was described. In the first part, based on the literature data, chosen definitions and classifications of new products were presented, particularly taken into consideration food products. In the second part, the results of the Central Statistical Offi ce (GUS) researches about product innovativeness in industrial enterprises manufacturing food products and beverages were presented. In the third chapter of the article, based on the results of the questionnaire research carried out on the sample of 149 enterprises, the main directions of product innovations on the food marked were presented. The results of both the desk and the field researches indicate that the low level of innovativeness is characteristic for food sector in Poland and that the main trends of food product changes are: changes in appearance of products and packages, improvement of health proprieties of food, changes of taste, and improvement of the comfort of products use.
Cytowanie	Kowalczuk I. (2009) Innowacyjność produktowa przedsiębiorstw branży spożywczej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 75: 63-77
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Autor	Dariusz Kusz
Tytuł	Zróżnicowanie regionalne nakładów inwestycyjnych w rolnictwie polskim
Title	Provincial differentiation of investment value in Polish farming
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Abstract	This work presents and evaluates provincial differentiation of investment value in Polish farming in years 2002–2007. Big regional differentiation of investment value has been observed. Following provinces: Wielkopolskie, Zachodnio- Pomorskie, Opolskie, Warminsko-Mazurskie and Lubuskie are characterized by much higher investment activity than the remaining provinces of the country. This disproportion of investment value between the two groups of provinces is significant especially when calculating the value of investment per one farm or per one person working on the farm. Such big differentiation has resulted in polarization of farms in Poland and if such tendency continues, the disproportions are expected to grow
Cytowanie	Kusz D. (2009) Zróżnicowanie regionalne nakładów inwestycyjnych w rolnictwie polskim.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 75: 79-89
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Autor	Tadeusz Liziński, Anna Wróblewska
Tytuł	Środowiskowe koszty i korzyści w przedsiębiorstwach agrobiznesu
Title	Environmental costs and benefi ts in agrobusiness enterprises
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Abstract	Nitrogen balance indicated surplus in range 50–170 kg N/year in researched 5 farms in Żuławy Vistula Delta. This surplus is able to treat as external environmental cost which should undergo internalization that is included to account of person causing damage. It changed also position of enterprise economic optimum which should be treated as economic-ecological optimum. Grasslands in farms keeping cattle growing are simultaneously source of external benefits. Beyond-production significance of grasslands results from landscape, protective, hydrological, climatic meaning and other ecological benefits. Beyond-production functions should be appraised and included to economic-ecological valuation of farms.
Cytowanie	Liziński T., Wróblewska A. (2009) Środowiskowe koszty i korzyści w przedsiębiorstwach agrobiznesu.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 75: 105-119
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Autor	Karolina Babuchowska, Renata Marks-Bielska
Tytuł	Wsparcie dochodów rolników w formie dopłat bezpośrednich
Title	Farmers’ income support in the form of direct subsidies
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Abstract	The paper is devoted to the application one of the Common Agricultural Policy instruments – the direct subsidies. The considerations were based on the available data of Agency for Restructuring and Modernization of Agriculture, other authors’ and own empirical studies conducted in Warmia and Mazury voivodeship among 4095 users of agricultural farms. According to the declarations of farmers covered the majority of them use the funds obtained from direct subsidies for purchase of the means of production (64,66% in 2004, 68,30% in 2005) and current expenditures (51,72% in 2004, 55,97% in 2005). The positive fact is that an increasing number of individuals invest in development of farms (24,08% in 2004, 26,01% in 2005) and allocate awarded funds to purchase of land (4,93% in 2004, 7,40% in 2005), which is an important symptom of development oriented behavior of farmers. It indicates the intentions of continued farming supported in numerous cases by financial potential and adequate education.
Cytowanie	Babuchowska K., Marks-Bielska R. (2009) Wsparcie dochodów rolników w formie dopłat bezpośrednich.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 75: 135-148
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Autor	Elżbieta Szymańska
Tytuł	Struktura kapitału w gospodarstwach trzodowych o różnej wielkości ekonomicznej
Title	The capital structure in pigs holdings of different economic size
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Abstract	The paper aims to present the capital structure in pigs holdings of different economic size. A research was made in the holdings which produced 100 and more porkers per year and accordingly participated in Farm Data Accountancy Network in years 2004–2006. Holdings were divided into the two groups in accordance to the economic size (large and very large). It results from the research that holdings of different economic size differed in their efficiency of land, labor, capital and level of net debt. In the first group share of loan capital amounted to 17.0% but in second one– to 23.0%. As for the structure of loans, the majority of them were long and medium- term ones. These loans were fully secured with fixed assets. Loan capital led to the efficiency of own capital, especially in case of larger holdings. This group was characterized with higher labor efficiency and fixed assets, and more financial means was invested
Cytowanie	Szymańska E. (2009) Struktura kapitału w gospodarstwach trzodowych o różnej wielkości ekonomicznej.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 76: 41-51
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Autor	Danuta Zawadzka
Tytuł	Znaczenie zobowiązań krótkoterminowych w finansowaniu przedsiębiorstw w Polsce – analiza porównawcza według sekcji PKD
Title	The importance of current liabilities in financing businesses in Poland – a comparative analysis according to the section in polish statistical classifi cation of economic activities
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Abstract	The aim of this paper is to assess the significance of current liabilities in financing businesses in Poland. The proposed thesis assumed that it is variable and highly dependent on the specificity of the sector in which the business operates. The article is a part of a broader study concerned the short-term finuancing sources of businesses in Poland. It presents the empirical verification based on the data from the Polish Central Statistical Office in 1998–2007. The statistical data include financial results of businesses keeping accounting books, in which the number of employees exceeds 9. Current liabilities of the companies were presented according to the types of activities based on the Polish Statistical Classification of Economic Activities.
Cytowanie	Zawadzka D. (2009) Znaczenie zobowiązań krótkoterminowych w finansowaniu przedsiębiorstw w Polsce – analiza porównawcza według sekcji PKD.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 76: 85-94
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Autor	Serhiy Zabolotnyy
Tytuł	Sytuacja finansowa spółek giełdowych z wybranych branż produkcyjnych
Title	Financial situation of stock companies from selected branches of industry
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Abstract	The author analyzes financial condition of selected manufacturing branches in Poland on the example of stock companies quoted on Warsaw Stock Exchange. Among the branches under consideration are food, metal, machine-engineering and construction materials’ industries. Asset and capital-asset structure as well as liquidity and profitability ratios are analyzed. In 2003–2007 companies from all selected branches except of metal industry increased the value of fixed assets relating to current assets. The structure of current assets was gradually changed with more liquid assets such as receivables and cash in bank accounts. High ratios of liquidity together with a significant share of long-term capitals in liabilities structure indicated a more conservative approach to the liquidity risk. The highest and most variable rates of return were noticed in metal industry, food and machine-engineering branches were characterized by lower but constant profitability ratios in the whole period
Cytowanie	Zabolotnyy S. (2009) Sytuacja finansowa spółek giełdowych z wybranych branż produkcyjnych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 76: 121-133
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Autor	Jadwiga Drożdż, Iwona Szczepaniak
Tytuł	Ocena sytuacji ekonomiczno-finansowej przemysłu spożywczego w pięć lat po integracji Polski z Unią Europejską
Title	The assessment of the economic-fi nancial situation of food industry during fi ve years after integration of Poland into the European Union
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Abstract	After Poland accession to the European Union the value of sold production in food industry has increased dynamically. After five years of functioning in the EU structure the value of sold production increased over half. The production revival in this branch industry was the direct reason of the improvement in economical and financial results of food producers. Their indexes grew 150% and had remained on this level by several years. This was a general phenomenon, taking a stand in majority food sectors. Not earlier than last year, the slight decline in the financial and economical results in the food industry has been observed, but still they have been better than before the integration into the EU. The increase of sale and profit generated by the food industry was a result of influence, equal extensive and intensive, of the qualified factors. The biggest effect on the increase of the turnover had the grown of wealth involved in the food branch, and a high grow of sale profitability enabled increase the amount of financial result of food producers.
Cytowanie	Drożdż J., Szczepaniak I. (2009) Ocena sytuacji ekonomiczno-finansowej przemysłu spożywczego w pięć lat po integracji Polski z Unią Europejską.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 76: 135-146
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Autor	Marcin Ratajczak
Tytuł	Sytuacja finansowa małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Polsce w latach 2002–2007
Title	Financial situation of small and medium enterprises in Poland in 2002–2007
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Abstract	The purpose of the presented article is a presentation of analysis results concerning largeness of income in small and medium enterprises, with particular taking into consideration the yield of gross and net return in analyzed economic subjects. In the first part of article showed a meaning of enterprise and coherent in relation to economic development. Furthermore, the second part was devoted to the financial status of small and medium enterprises functioning on Polish market. The researched conducted in elaboration based on data from Polish Agency for Enterprise Development and include 2002–2007.
Cytowanie	Ratajczak M. (2009) Sytuacja finansowa małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Polsce w latach 2002–2007.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 76: 147-155
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Autor	Sławomir Kowalski
Tytuł	Źródła finansowania sektora małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Polscez uwzględnieniem funduszy strukturalnych UE
Title	The sources of financing of small and mediu enterprises in Poland in relation to EU Structural Funds
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Abstract	In Poland, in the sequence of recent years, changes in financing SME activity took place. Entrepreneurs are diverging from internal source of finances more and more by devoting to others forms of raising possessed capital. It is caused by increasing competition which is forcing companies to taking higher risk. A competent choice of the financing source is a substantial problem. It should have a beneficial influence on the profitability in the enterprise, as well as keeping the financial risk at reasonable level. The main direct benefit was a possibility of using structural funds after the accession of Poland into the EU, especially for the SME business sector. The implementation of programs which are co-financed by the EU funds is bringing visible effects more and more.
Cytowanie	Kowalski S. (2009) Źródła finansowania sektora małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Polscez uwzględnieniem funduszy strukturalnych UE.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 76: 157-164
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Autor	Magdalena Mądra
Tytuł	Obciążenie podatkiem rolnym indywidualnych gospodarstw rolnych
Title	The level of agricultural tax burden in individual farms
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Abstract	The elaborations presents the level of agriculture tax in farms which conduced, during the researched period, agriculture accountancy according to FADN system. The article deals also with the relationship between generate sales revenues (total output) and family farm income. The presented research was surveyed in 2004–2007 in Mazowsze and Podlasie region. Farms have been characterized by criterion of cropland area, agriculture type and Economic Size Unit. The highest agriculture tax burden noticed in farms which characterized with the lowest economic power. The level of paid agriculture tax in relation to sale revenues was low and the highest tax burden noticed in group 10–30 ha of cropland area. The visible influence of this tax was perceptible in farms which managed a crop production.
Cytowanie	Mądra M. (2009) Obciążenie podatkiem rolnym indywidualnych gospodarstw rolnych.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 76: 175-186
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n76_s175.pdf

Autor	Jacek Grzywacz
Tytuł	Ryzyko kredytowania małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Polsce
Title	The credit risk in fi nancing small and medium enterprises in Poland
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Abstract	The SME sector is a main stimulus of the economic development in Poland. The valid problems in this sector concern both aspects as leading the current business activity as well as a trouble keeping of the financial liquidity. Therefore the access to credit is conditioning the real opportunities of functioning on the market and its development today. However the cost of a bank loan in Poland effectively is still suppressing the investment enthusiasm of entrepreneurs. This cost, from bank point of view, is an outcome of the rigorous evaluation of the credit risk in activity of the small and medium enterprise sector.
Cytowanie	Grzywacz J. (2009) Ryzyko kredytowania małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Polsce.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 77: 5-17
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Autor	Sławomir Juszczyk, Artur Nagórka
Tytuł	Fundusze parasolowe i lokaty bankowe jako miejsce gotówki przedsiębiorstwa
Title	The umbrella funds and bank locations as the place for cash of companies
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Abstract	Financial liquidity is one of the most important factors for the company growth and everyday operations. Since the mid of XX century there have been some attempts to find a right level of cash to be held by a company. Similar research was involved in deciding what to do when there is a surplus of cash that is going to be kept by the company for future purposes. The bank location could be good solution, but investment fund as the place for placing cash for a period of time is probably better. The rules of investment funds in Poland prevent an investor from any risk of fraud. Simultaneously there are some investment risks according to the profile of the given fund. From this point of view majority of investment funds are not suitable to serve as the place of investment for companies. The good solution is a money market fund due to the fact that only very low risk, or almost no risk, papers are in the portfolio of such funds. Obviously never very high yields are anticipated but still they are higher than deposits and far more flexible. The money market fund is particularly suitable for an investment when money can be shifted to a more aggressive fund at the steady growth market conditions. The mechanism of conversion between the funds allows it but in normal circumstances the profits are taxed straight after the operation. In order to avoid it the companies that run legal investment funds in Poland (TFI) introduced so called “umbrella funds” where the money market fund is one of the subfunds and money could be easily moved to another fund without immediate taxation. Therefore the money market fund within the umbrella fund could be the good place to keep company cash surplus.
Cytowanie	Juszczyk S., Nagórka A. (2009) Fundusze parasolowe i lokaty bankowe jako miejsce gotówki przedsiębiorstwa.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 77: 19-30
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Autor	Tomasz Siudek
Tytuł	Wzrost gospodarczy a efektywność działania wybranych banków spółdzielczych w Polsce – aspekty teoretyczne i praktyczne
Title	Economic growth and the effectiveness of the selected co-operative banks in Poland – theoretical and practical aspects
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Abstract	In this article examined the relationship between economic growth and efficiency of cooperative banks in Poland in the years 1998–2006. At the beginning presented theoretical basis of economic growth and bank efficiency, and then referred the power of relationship between them. From the data obtained shows that the relationship between the tested variables was very weak and statistically insignificant.
Cytowanie	Siudek T. (2009) Wzrost gospodarczy a efektywność działania wybranych banków spółdzielczych w Polsce – aspekty teoretyczne i praktyczne.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, nr 77: 53-68
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Pełny tekst	EIOGZ_2009_n77_s53.pdf